Home – Home – Jornals – "Philosophy of Education" 2015 number 2

This study deals with the problem of spiritual and moral formation of the growing generation of modern society and presents an attempt to reveal the culture of conscience in the society of nomads in Central Asia, particularly, in the society of Tuvinians. The research is conducted in the places of compact settlement of Tuvinians: in West Mongolia, in China (Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang Uygur region) and in the Republic of Tyva (Russia). The culture of conscience is interpreted by the author as a conscious oriented activity of a collective consciousness, aimed at the formation of a conscientious attitude of the person to him/herself and others, nature, external world, family, culture, and society. During the study, the forms of expression of the positions of the culture of conscience are determined; the interaction is revealed between conscience and collective consciousness in the process of formation, preservation and development of the basic (unchangeable) moral values in the conditions of appearance of internal and external threats; the role of conscientious mindsets within the «suzukteer» upbringing tradition of Tuvan people is described. The author considers the culture of conscience as a genetically tuned defense mechanism in the system of relationship of person to him/herself and others, nature, external world, family, culture and society. The results of studying the sphere of conscience in the society of nomads greatly expand the subject field of the modern pedagogical knowledge, thereby helping to create the directions of spiritual-moral formations of children in modern conditions based on the principle of ethnic-cultural connotations of education.