GENETIC-CLIMATOLOGIC-GEOGRAPHICAL PRINCIPLES OF SEED ZONING OF PINE FORESTS IN RUSSIA
S. N. Sannikov1, I. V. Petrova1, N. S. Sannikova1, A. N. Afonin2, A. I. Chernodubov3, E. V. Egorov1
1Botanical Garden, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ural Branch, 8 Marta str., 202, Yekaterinburg, 620144 Russian Federation
2Saint-Petersburg University, 10-th Line-str., VO, 33-35, Saint-Petersburg, 199178 Russian Federation
3G. F. Morozov Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technology, Timiryazev str., 8, Voronezh, 394087 Russian Federation
Keywords: сосна обыкновенная, провениенция, интродукция, выживание, продукция, градиент климата, лесосеменное районирование, трансфер семян, Scots pine, provenance, introduction, survival, production, climate gradient, forest seed zoning, seed transfer
Abstract
The microevolution theory can serve as the theoretical foundation of forest seed zoning and of the population introduction, the subdivision of Pinus sylvestris range in Russia into 10 phylogenogeographical regions - as their genetic-geographical base and climatologic-geographical regularities of the acclimatization of the introduced crops - as the ecological base. As a result of regressive analysis of Pinus sylvestris provenance crops parameters in Russian Plain forest-steppe is was determined the authentic decrease of the parameters of their survival and stands production, according to the increase of gradients of climate limiting factors - duration of vegetative period and photoperiod - between sites of origin and introduction of populations both along of the submeridional transect and of the longitudinal ones. Thus, the hypothesis about the greater adaptivity of the local plant populations by comparison with introduced ones and the correctness of the principle of «climatic topoanalogues» in the acclimatization were confirmed on the quantitative factorial-climatological level. The total net of geographical coordinates and of corresponding elementary forest seed regions measuring 1° in latitude and 5° in longitude formed by it was suggested as the ordination matrix of forest seed zoning within the P. sylvestris areal. The parameters of seed transfer reglamentation in latitude, longtitude and altitude were suggested on the connections base of survival and stands production of introduced Scots pine crops with climatic gradients. These principles can serve as a genetic-climatologic-geographical base for the development of the theory of plants acclimatization and of regional and federal seeds zoning of Scots pine forests for their crops, selection and hybridization.
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