ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECOTOURISM IN RUSSIA
Yu.Sh. Blam, I.Yu. Blam
Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: экотуризм, сельский туризм, особо охраняемая природная территория, устойчивое развитие, социально-экономическое развитие региона, ecotourism, rural tourism, specially protected natural area, sustainable development, regional socio-economic development
Abstract
The article analyzes ecological tourism as one of the most effective and environmentally friendly commercialization methods of goods and services provided by unique eco-systems. It demonstrates that nature reserves and national parks may promote economic development and employment growth on their territories by attracting tourists and providing incentives for the development of relevant infrastructure, notwithstanding natural resources use constraints following their legal status. We explore long-run problems of competitiveness of the tourism industry in ecologically vulnerable areas. It is concluded that sustainable development of tourism is impossible without proper accounting for the ecological capacity of an area, moderate use of local resources and attracting the number of visitors that balances the economic efficiency of provided services with social benefits generation for the local population. Also, preliminary evaluation of the permissible recreational load must be a necessary condition for ecological tourism development.
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