Home – Home – Jornals – Contemporary Problems of Ecology 2020 number 6

The results of 40-year monitoring of biota of agaricoid basidiomycetes in spruce forests (spruce spruce, acid spruce) in the subzone of the southern taiga of the Perm Territory are summed up. To date, 336 species and intraspecific taxa of agaricoid basidiomycetes belonging to 73 genera and 16 families have been found in spruce forests. The species of the families Tricholomataceae , Cortinariaceae and Russulaceae predominate, which is typical for the boreal zone of Eurasia. The largest number of species is found in the genera: Cortinarius (43 species), Mycena (39), Russula (25), and Lactarius (13), which is typical of the southern taiga subzone. It was noted that the species composition of agaricoid basidiomycetes changes with time to a greater extent (Jacquard’s coefficients ( J × 100): tame spruce forest, J = 44-50; acidic spruce forest J = 43-47) than the species composition of higher vascular plants ( J = 69-88). Many common features were revealed between the species composition of fungi of spruce forests ( J = 49). Over the entire period of observations in spruce forests, 16 species dominating in the number of basidiomas and 19-21 species dominating in the biomass of basidiomas were identified. As a result of the analysis of the ecological-trophic structure of the studied biogeocenoses, mycorrhiza forming agents predominate (37.4-43.5 %). The relationship between the diversity and productivity of agaricoid fungi with the main climatic indicators (May-September) was studied. It was found that an increase in the average monthly air temperature in August leads to a decrease in the number of xylotroph basidiomas in the spruce fir forest ( r_s = -0.7) and the basidiom litter saprotrophs biomass in the spruce fir forest ( r_s = -0.7). Heavy rainfall in August contributes to a reduction in the number of basidiomas of litter saprotrophs in the spruce fir forest ( r_s = -0.7).