Stimulation of Separation of Difficult Diamond-Bearing Raw Materials from Primary, Placer and Manmade Deposits
V. A. Chanturia1, G. P. Dvoichenkova1,2, E. L. Chanturia3, A. S. Timofeev1
1Academician Melnikov Research Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 111020 Russia
2Mirny Polytechnic Institute, Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Mirny, 678174 Russia
3National University of Science and Technology, Moscow, 117049 Russia
Keywords: Diamonds, minerals, X-ray luminescence separation, float-and-sink separation, grease technology, froth separation, magnetic separation, ultrasonic method, thermal method, electrochemical method, nitride ferrosilicon, preconcentrate
Abstract
The article describes the studies into the current flow charts available for processing diamond-bearing kimberlites of complex material constitution. The theoretical and experimental substantiation is given for the methods to modify properties of the mineral components to enhance selectivity of their separation. Efficiency of luminophore-containing compositions is proved for weakly and abnormally luminescent diamond. Luminophores modify the spectral and kinetic properties of diamond crystals to the values at which diamonds become recordable and recoverable in the current flow charts of X-ray luminescence separation. Efficiency of integration of ultrasonic, thermal and electrochemical methods in removal of hydrophilic impurities from diamond surface toward enhanced recovery of diamonds by grease technology and froth separation is demonstrated. The method is developed to increase the corrosion resistance of ferrosilicon by means of its nitride coating which unsupports interaction with corrosive components of the water environment. Experiments justify that magnetic separation improves the quality of preconcentrates of float-and-sink separation owing to removal of up to 95.8% of magnetic minerals from the diamond-bearing material.
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