Acoustic Characteristics of Rock Samples under Negative Temperatures
V. I. Vostrikov, P. A. Tsoi, O. M. Usol’tseva
Chinakal Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: Rock sample, water saturation, freezing, fracturing, microseismic emission, acceleration, spectral density, acoustic Q-factor, internal friction factor, damping
Abstract
The authors investigate geophysical parameters of water-saturated and frozen rock samples, and compare the results with the data of natural rocks. The samples were subjected to dynamic loading, an acceleration signal was recorded and a spectral density was calculated. On this basis, later on, the authors determined the longitudinal vibration velocity, the logarithmic decrement of damping, the internal friction factor and the acoustic Q-factor. The water-saturated and frozen rock samples demonstrated the increased velocities of longitudinal vibrations. The samples, which had the high acoustic Q-factors in the frozen conditions, fractured under much higher loads. The degree of water saturation affected the strength of the test samples: their strength reduced with the higher water saturation. Freezing of the samples generated microseismic vibrations in the region of high frequencies. In the uniaxial compression tests to failure of the samples under critical loading, a high frequency signal was recorded during initiation of an extension fracture, and the signal spectrum shifted toward lower frequencies as the fracture grew.
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