STATIONARY STUDIES CONCENTRATIONS AND FLUXES OF GREENHOUSE GASES IN TUNDRA ECOSYSTEMS OF THE TAIMYR PENINSULA
A. V. Panov1, A. S. Prokushkin1,2, E. A. Kukavskaya1, I. R. Putilin1, E. A. Anuev1, M. A. Korets1, V. E. Aryasov1, R. A. Kolosov1, M. G. Bondar3
1Krasnoyarsk Science Centre of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Science, V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
2Siberian Federal University, Institute of Ecology and Geography, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
3United Directorate of Taimyr Nature Reserves, Norilsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: Arctic, atmosphere, climate, carbon dioxide, methane, carbon fluxes
Abstract
The Arctic is one of the most climate-vulnerable regions of the planet, where the rate of temperature increase is twice as high as the global average. The rapid increase in temperature is largely due to the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Forecasts indicate that the continuation of this trend may lead to a large-scale release of carbon accumulated in permafrost. The scale and duration of the expected effect are not obvious due to the poorly developed monitoring of greenhouse gases in the Russian Arctic: sporadic estimates of their atmospheric variations and exchange with ecosystems. The paper presents the results of studies of the dynamics of atmospheric greenhouse gases in the estuarine zone of the Yenisei River, indicating a stable annual increase in CO2 (~1.9 million-1/year) and CH4 (~12.6 milliard-1/year). The values of soil emissions of these gases for different types of tundra and vegetation on the western coast of the Taimyr Peninsula are presented, where it is shown that the highest values are typical for areas with vascular plant forms. Disturbances of the living ground cover by all-terrain vehicles lead, on average, to a threefold increase in methane emissions into the atmosphere.
|
