Home – Home – Jornals – Contemporary Problems of Ecology 2025 number 5

The analysis of long-term data (2005-2020) from phenological observations of 5 species of the genus Viburnum from the collection of the South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Viburnum opulus L., V. lantana L., V. dentatum L., V. veitchii C. H. Wreight (V. glomeratum Maxim) and V. sargentii Koehne. It has been established that for the beginning of vegetation, these taxa need a sum of positive temperatures above 0 °C (175-182 °C), while the local species V. opulus begins to vegetate first. The sum of positive temperatures from 235 to 278 C is required for the start of shoot growth, and 436-691 C for the beginning of flowering. The North American species V. dentatum blooms later than all other species in the Bashkir Urals. Complete lignification of shoots occurs earliest in V. dentatum at a total of positive temperatures of 2078 °C, later than in V. lantana (2601 °C), which can be explained by the geographical origin of these species. The Far Eastern species V. sargentii ends its vegetation earlier than all of the studied species, and the european V. sargentii ends its vegetation later V. lantana, and this is most likely due to the genetic characteristics of the species. The onset of the initial phases of seasonal development of Viburnum species (bud opening, the beginning of shoot growth, the beginning and end of flowering, the beginning of lignification of shoots) is greatly influenced by the sum of positive temperatures above 0 and +5 °C. At the beginning of the remaining phenophases (the end of shoot growth, complete lignification, fruit ripening and leaf fall), the influence of these temperature parameters, as well as the sum of temperatures above + 10 °C and the amount of precipitation, weakens. The duration of the growing season of species of the genus Viburnum in Ufa is 158-171 days. Over 16 years of observations, it was found that the timing of the beginning of vegetation, the beginning of flowering and the end of vegetation in the local species V. opulus became later by 5-8 days, the process of shoot growth in this species became longer by almost a month, and the lignification of shoots - by 2 months. Such dynamics indicates a change in climatic conditions in the Republic of Bashkortostan.