Diagnostics of the response of plants of the genus Pinus L. to abiotic stress by Raman spectroscopy
E. V. Golosova1,2, O. V. Shelepova3, V. A. Nadtochenko4, E. I. Golosova1, Yu. V. Plugatar1
1Nikita Botanical Gardens - National Scientific Centre of the RAS, Yalta, Russia
2Saint Petersburg State Forest Engineering University named after S. M. Kirov, St. Petersburg, Russia
3The N. V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of RAS, Moscow, Russia
4N. N. Semenov Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics RAS, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: Pinus L, elemental analysis, Raman spectrometry, carotenoids, anthocyanins, polyamine spermine
Abstract
This study is devoted to the assessment of pine plants of urban and suburban plantings in Moscow and Beijing in order to diagnose the adaptation of three pine species (Pinus sylvestris L., P. mugo Turra and P. tabuliformis Carr.) to abiotic stress occurring in urban environments. Non-invasive biochemical measurements of pine needles using Raman spectrometry (Raman microscopy-spectroscopy), allowed us to register changes in their biochemical composition that are not yet manifested externally. The accumulation of carotenoids, anthocyanins and polyamine spermine was observed in the needles of P. sylvestris under prolonged abiotic stress (anthropogenic air pollution). The observed response of pine plants to in vivo stress was further confirmed by common destructive chemical extraction methods. The accumulation of macro- and microelements was observed in the needles of P. sylvestris growing on the territory with maximum anthropogenic load compared to background values: maximum levels of Fe, Cu, Mn, Cr, Cr, Ni, Ag, Pb, Ba and Cd exceeding background values by 2.7-23.5 times. The analysis of Raman spectra allows us to recommend the method of microsopy Raman spectroscopy for high-throughput stress phenotyping of urban pine plantations. The ranking of the analyzed species by resistance to urban conditions resulted in the following series Pinus tabuliformis → Pinus sylvestris ≈ Pinus mugo.
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