DIGITAL INEQUALITY AND HUMAN CAPITAL OF RUSSIAN REGIONS: A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
Daria Valerievna Goloukhova
Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: digital divide, human capital, digital skills, regional inequality, human development index, internet usage practices
Abstract
This article examines the issue of digital inequality and its relationship with human capital at national and regional levels during the ongoing digital transformation of the economy, where digital skills and competencies are growing in importance. In this context, regional digital disparities may hinder human capital development across different regions. The study evaluates the digital divide between regions with varying levels of human capital development using a four-level conceptual framework of digital inequality. The author hypothesizes that regions with more developed human capital experience not only smaller gaps in digital access and skills but also greater social benefits from digital technologies. The empirical analysis draws on data from the Russian Selective Federal Statistical Survey on the Use of Information Technologies and Telecommunication Networks (2019 and 2023). The results demonstrate significant differences in both information and communications technology proficiency and usage patterns between high- and low-human-capital regions. While residents in less developed regions primarily use ICT for entertainment and communication, those in more advanced regions leverage technology more frequently for education, skills development, and efficient daily living practices that foster further human capital growth. These findings can guide policymakers in designing targeted social programs to reduce regional inequalities.
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