Home – Home – Jornals – The journal "Ateroskleroz" 2017 number 2

Trends of CO and CH₄ total column (TC) are estimated from AIRS spectrometer data for the "Eurasia" domain (0-180° E, 0-85° N) for different time periods and seasons. The results are compared with similar estimates obtained from ground-based spectroscopic measurements at IAP RAS stations (ZSS, Zotto, and Beijing), st. Peterhof of St. Petersburg State University, and NDACC stations located in the test domain. According to the findings, the CO TC over Northern Eurasia generally decreased during the period 2003-2015 with a rate of 0.05-1.5%/year depending on the region, while the CH₄ TC increased at a rate of 0.16-0.65%/year. After 2007, there is a trend toward an increase in CO TC in the summer and autumn months in most of mid- and high-latitude Eurasia background areas, as well as an increase in CH₄ TC growth rate. Positive trends in CO cannot be explained by the growth of emissions from fires or anthropogenic emissions. Thus, one of possible causes may be changes in the entire global photochemical system occurring against the backdrop of global climate change, in particular, changes in the "sources/sinks" ratio for small atmospheric components.

A microphysical model of photophoretic motion of soot aggregates is presented, which takes into account their fractal structure. Comparison with known experimental data is executed, and good qualitative and quantitative agreements are shown. Characteristics of photophoretic motion of fractal-like soot aggregates in the field of atmospheric radiation are calculated. For the model of fractal-like particles, the photophoretic effects with soot aerosol in the stationary atmosphere are the most pronounced in the upper troposphere - middle stratosphere.

A “paraffin” hypothesis of the origin of spring nucleation bursts (NB) is discussed. The organic part of atmospheric aerosol is analyzed using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and the chemical structure classification. The results obtained during NB events and in preceding (next) days (when no new particle formation was observed) are compared. A suggestion that new particles are formed from the surface waxes of plants during the NB events is considered.

Model estimates of air black carbon (BC) concentrations at different sites of the Russian North were made for 2000-2013. Different physical sources of BC emissions (anthropogenic and from wildfires), their intensities (from different databases), and their contributions to BC air concentrations in the Arctic are discussed for winter and summer. We used GFED, MACCity, and other satellite data, as well as the ground-based data of Russian official statistics on pollution emissions to the atmosphere. Long-range atmospheric transport of BC was modeled by analysing back-trajectory statistics from ARL NOAA (HYSPLIT model). In total, anthropogenic BC inputs exceed wildfire ones in surface air BC concentrations even in summer when contributions from distant anthropogenic sources are minimal. Annual and interannual variations in BC air concentrations are sizable. Variations in air BC concentration along the Russian Arctic coast may be above two orders with maximal values near Nenetsky Nature Reserve (near the Pechora River delta). There are open flares of oil/gas mining companies with extreme BC emissions in close proximity to this site. So, the results measured at one point and/or during a season or even a year should not be the basis for long-term conclusions and forecasts in relation to the entire region.

The kinetics of furfural photolysis in air and nitrogen at different water vapor concentrations is studied. The photolysis rate constants of furfural are shown to be the same in air and in nitrogen. An increase in the water vapor concentration from 0 to 18 Torr results in an increase in the photolysis rate by a factor of 1.5. It has been experimentally shown that the yield of aerosol products for С₅Н₄О₂ photolysis in air is independent of [Н₂O] and equals to 1.8 ± 0.2%, while the yield increases from 1 to 2% during the photolysis in nitrogen as [Н₂O] increases from 0 to 18 Torr. HCO and furil radicals formed during С₅Н₄О₂ photolysis have been detected and identified using the spin-trapping technique; this proves the radical mechanism of С₅Н₄О₂ photolysis. The partial analysis of aerosol products is performed. It is shown that aerosol particles consist of a complex mixture of oxidative ring cleavage compounds and a small amount of products containing furan ring. Based on the experimental data, a qualitative scheme of the chemical processes describing the formation of gaseous and aerosol products during furfural photolysis is suggested.

The air composition of Moscow is studied for the conditions of joint smoke screening by near forest fires in Moscow region and far forest fires in October 2014. According to ecological monitoring data the ratio of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide mass concentrations attained 0.35 in “fresh” smokes of near fires and reduced to 0.025 in “old” smokes of far fires. The ratio of nitrogen oxide mass concentration to the sum of nitrogen oxide and dioxide concentrations attained 0.87 in “fresh” smokes and reduced to zero in “old” smokes. It is shown that statistical parameters and empirical probability distributions of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide in smoky atmosphere of Moscow in October 2014 are distinguished radically from the corresponding characteristics in clear atmosphere and during smoke screenings of 2002 and 2014. Two-segment approximations by exponential functions for carbon monoxide concentration empirical distribution and by power functions for nitrogen monoxide concentration empirical distribution are used. The carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides concentrations strongly spectrally correlated in a wide range of frequencies in smoky air of Moscow in October 2014. This indicates simultaneous generation of the above impurities during forest fires. The spectral correlation coefficient of nitrogen dioxide and ozone varied from +1 to -1 on different time scales, which witnesses complex relationships between ozone and nitrogen oxides in smoky atmosphere.

Routine measurements of atmospheric aerosol optical depth (AOD) were carried out in 2006-2013 in Sevastopol within the AERONET (http://aeronet.gsfc.nasa.gov) program using a CE 318 sun photometer. In the end of 2015, owing to the cooperation between V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, and Marine Hydrophysical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, the observations were resumed with a SPM portable photometer operating in the spectral range 0.34-2.14 mm. The results of AOD measurements in Sevastopol, at the “Sea Hydrophysical Polygon” oceanographic platform (Katsiveli), and in expeditions on “Professor Vodyanitsky” research vessel are presented. The average AOD measured in the Black Sea region in different months are compared with long-term data in Sevastopol. Situations with high aerosol opacity and the effect of air mass transfer directions on the AOD, including fine and coarse modes, are analyzed.

The results of the measurements of black carbon and fine aerosol content in Beijing and in the background region 50 km north-east of the capital of China are analyzed. The measurements were carried out for many years, mainly in the autumn. A reduction in the concentration of black carbon, having regional character, has been revealed. An earlier conclusion about the reduction, on average, of the relative contribution of soot aerosol with the growth of air the turbidity has been confirmed.

The possibilities of modern foreign and domestic ground-based microwave radiometric systems of measuring structural atmospheric parameters (temperature profiles, water vapor, and liquid water) are analized. Data of Russian microwave temperature profilers MTP-5 are used in the study of the urban heat island vertical structure, for improvement of the forecast of adverse meteorological phenomena, and monitoring of thermal stratification of the atmospheric boundary layer in polar regions and during solar eclipses. Some results of cloud parameters monitoring with the use of multi-channel microwave radiometric complex “Microradcom” are presented.

We discuss the development of a modeling system for the study of climatic and environmental problems in urban areas exposed to natural and anthropogenic impacts. Some typical tasks are considered: formation of mesoclimates and air quality of urban agglomerations against the background of global processes in specific regions. The models of hydrodynamics, transport, and transformation of various substances in the gas and aerosol states are used for solving direct and inverse problems of this class. The modeling technology is based on variational principles and the concept of adjoint integrating factors. This provides a consistent unification of all the models, the construction of numerical schemes, and assimilation of operational data from various monitoring tools. We propose a new algorithm for the implementation of the model for parameterization of the vertical turbulent exchange in the arbitrary stratified atmosphere. The results of the scenarios of the formation of the typical mesoclimates and distribution of impurities in the atmosphere of Novosibirsk agglomeration are presented.

Data on the surface ozone concentrations measured at six coastal stations in Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, and Russia are compared. Seasonal and diurnal ozone cycles are analyzed for each station. It is shown that differences in ozone regimes are connected with microclimatic and topographic features of the stations, distance from the sea, and level of anthropogenic pollution. High ozone episodes are considered. It is shown that the large-scale ozone episode in the late summer of 2011 was a result of the prolonged abnormal weather, and high ozone concentrations (160-200 μg × m^-3) were formed in plumes of ozone precursors arrived from territories of Caspian gas and oil developments.

The combined effect of orography and temperature stratification on the dispersion of pollutants in an urban heat island is simulated on the basis of three-parametric E - ε - <θ²> (Т-RANS) approach to thermally penetrating convection above the heat island. Two models of the concentration turbulent flow are used for the dispersion of a tracer from a surface source into a stably stratified atmosphere <u_ic > i.e., the implicit algebraic model and calculation from a prognostic equation. The correlation <cθ> between the concentration and temperature fluctuations is found from the solution of a prognostic equation in the both models. The algebraic model minimizes the difficulties in the simulation of turbulent transfer in a stably stratified atmosphere and provides for the results with acceptable accuracy as compared to the complete prognostic model of the concentration turbulent flow.

The variability of the Laptev Sea hydrodynamics is analyzed on the basis of the Arctic Ocean model developed in ICMMG SB RAS. Based on the numerical simulation, we explore possible reasons for the increase in the bottom layer temperature known from observations, including: a) redistribution of water masses over the shelf zone forced by atmospheric dynamics; b) Laptev sea on-shelf inflow of warm and saline waters of Atlantic Layer of the Arctic Ocean, and c) the redistribution of water mass temperature anomalies caused by the heat river flux. The effect of the increase in the bottom layer temperature of the coastal region on the enhancement of underwater permafrost degradation is studied. The upper boundary of the permafrost depth and the permafrost thawing rate are estimated for the modern climate conditions and under the forecasted Arctic climate changes in the 21st century.

The adsorption and photosorption properties of microparticles of Mg(OH)₂ and Ca(OH)₂ in ambient air are studied. The composition of adsorption layer of microparticles is analyzed. The kinetics of photodesorption of molecules from the microparticle surfaces and interaction of Freon 22 (CHF₂Cl) with its surfaces in the dark and under illumination are studied. The effect of weakly-bound CO displacement from the microparticle surfaces is revealed during the Freon 22 dark adsorption. It is suggested that the adsorbed CO is formed in the result of atmospheric CO₂ reduction after the break of Mg-OH bonds. Calcium hydroxide CO is generated during interaction of calcium hydroxide with carbon dioxide on the microparticle surfaces in the presence of water.

A fluid flow through an isotropic porous medium with randomly arranged elliptical particles is simulated by the lattice Boltzmann method. The dimensionless pressure drop and the dimensionless permeability are evaluated as functions of the Reynolds number. The effect of the aspect ratio of the major to minor semi-axis of the ellipse on the dimensionless permeability is considered for different values of porosity. The pressure drop is thoroughly investigated as a function of fluid viscosity for different values of the aspect ratio and porosity. The influence of various parameters of the problem on the mean tortuosity of the medium is considered.

Three-dimensional computational models of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and brain tissue are presented for evaluation of their hydrodynamic conditions before and after shunting for seven patients with non-communicating hydrocephalus. One healthy subject is also modeled to compare deviated patients data to normal conditions. The fluid-solid interaction simulation shows the CSF mean pressure and pressure amplitude (the superior index for evaluation of non-communicating hydrocephalus) in patients at a greater point than those in the healthy subject by 5.3 and 2 times, respectively.

A supersonic compressible flow over a 60⁰ swept delta wing with a sharp leading edge undergoing pitching oscillations is computationally studied. Numerical simulations are performed by the finite volume method with the use of the k -w turbulence model for various Mach numbers and angles of attack. Variations of flow patterns in a crossflow plane, hysteresis loops associated with the vortex core location, and vortex breakdown positions during a pitching cycle are investigated. Trends for various Mach numbers, mean angles of attack, pitching amplitudes, and pitching frequencies are illustrated.

The direct statistical modeling method is used to study the influence of the coefficients of heterogeneous dissociation and recombination reactions on the flow of rarefied gas through a cylindrical channel. It is established that the degree of dissociation of the flow coming out of the channel is significantly dependent on the relationship between the dissociation and recombination coefficients. The technique for determining the dissociation and recombination coefficients on the basis of the experimental data is proposed.

The prime objective of this article is to study the axisymmetric flow and heat transfer of the Carreau fluid over a radially stretching sheet. The Carreau constitutive model is used to discuss the characteristics of both shear thinning and shear thickening fluids. The momentum equations for the two-dimensional flow field are first modeled for the Carreau fluid with the aid of the boundary layer approximations. The essential equations of the problem are reduced to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using local similarity transformations. Numerical solutions of the governing differential equations are obtained for the velocity and temperature fields by using the fifth-order Runge-Kutta method along with the shooting technique. These solutions are obtained for various values of physical parameters. The results indicate substantial reduction of the flow velocity as well as the thermal boundary layer thickness for the shear-thinning fluid with an increase in the Weissenberg number, and the opposite behavior is noted for the shear-thickening fluid. Numerical results are validated by comparisons with already published results.

The thermal radiation effect on a steady mixed convective flow with heat transfer of a nonlinear (non-Newtonian) Williamson fluid past an exponentially shrinking porous sheet with a convective boundary condition is investigated numerically. In this study, both an assisting flow and an opposing flow are considered. The governing equations are converted into nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using a suitable transformation. A numerical solution of the problem is obtained by using the Matlab software package for different values of the governing parameters. The results show that dual nonsimilar solutions exist for the opposing flow, whereas the solution for the assisting flow is unique. It is also observed that the dual nonsimilar solutions exist only if a certain amount of mass suction is applied through the porous sheet, which depends on the Williamson parameter, convective parameter, and radiation parameter.

The influence of the grid step of the displacement vector field on the strain estimate in the digital image correlation method is considered. The reasons for the emergence and the magnitude of the strain estimate error in processing optical images of material surfaces with different textures are analyzed. The dependence of the grid step for strain estimation on the magnitude of displacements and also on the presence and size of the discontinuity region in the strain field is studied. An adapted algorithm for choosing the grid step is proposed, which allows the strain calculation error to be reduced by a factor of 1.9 with simultaneous reduction of computational expenses by a factor of 2.1.

Bulk samples of GUR 4150 ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene with a molar mass of 9.2 х 10⁶ g/mol are obtained by cyclic impact compaction. During compaction, the material remains in a solid state, which ensures the preservation of the crystalline phase with a volume fraction of up to 66%. The strength properties of the samples are not inferior to those of the products obtained using industrial hot pressing. It is shown that the method described here is suitable for obtaining compacts with micro- and nanosized additives.

The history of stresses and creep strains of a rotating composite cylinder made of an aluminum matrix reinforced by silicon carbide particles is investigated. The effect of uniformly distributed SiC micro- and nanoparticles on the initial thermo-elastic and time-dependent creep deformation is studied. The material creep behavior is described by Sherby's constitutive model where the creep parameters are functions of temperature and the particle sizes vary from 50 nm to 45.9 m. Loading is composed of a temperature field due to outward steady-state heat conduction and an inertial body force due to cylinder rotation. Based on the equilibrium equation and also stress-strain and strain-displacement relations, a constitutive second-order differential equation for displacements with variable and time-dependent coefficients is obtained. By solving this differential equation together with the Prandtl-Reuss relation and the material creep constitutive model, the history of stresses and creep strains is obtained. It is found that the minimum effective stresses are reached in a material reinforced by uniformly distributed SiC particles with the volume fraction of 20% and particle size of 50 nm. It is also found that the effective and tangential stresses increase with time at the inner surface of the composite cylinder; however, their variation at the outer surface is insignificant.

The properties and microstructure of an Al/(Al₂O₃ + TiB₂ + ZrB₂) hybrid composite made by using hot pressing of aluminum combined with different amounts of TiB₂, ZrB₂, and Al₂O₃ powders are studied. The mechanical properties of the composites are investigated on the basis of microhardness and compression tests. The results show that the microstructure of the composites is uniform and the particles are well distributed in the matrix.

This paper presents the results of a finite-element study of elastic-plastic deformation and damage accumulation in structural materials under various cyclic loading conditions. Material behavior is described by the relations of damage mechanics and using thermoplastic model which takes into account the plastic deformation of the material under cyclic loading and the kinetic equations of the energy theory of damage accumulation. The basic laws of plastic deformation and development of damage in materials under hard, soft, symmetric, and asymmetric low-cycle loading.

The anisotropy matrices (tensors) of quasielastic (Cauchy-elastic) materials were obtained for all classes of crystallographic symmetries in explicit form. The fourth-rank anisotropy tensors of such materials do not have the main symmetry, in which case the anisotropy matrix is not symmetric. As a result of introducing of various bases in the space of symmetric stress and strain tensors, the linear relationship between stresses and strains is written in invariant form similar to the form in which generalized Hooke’s law is written for the case of anisotropic hyperelastic materials and contains six positive Kelvin proper modules. It is shown that the introduction of modified rotation deformations in the strain space can cause a transition to the symmetric anisotropy matrix observed in the case of hyperelasticity. For the case of transverse isotropy, there are examples of the determination of the Kelvin proper modules and proper bases and the rotation matrix in the strain space. It is shown that there is a possibility of existence of quasielastic media with a skew-symmetric anisotropy matrix with no symmetric part. Some techniques for the experimental testing of the quasielasticity model are proposed.

This paper studies the chaotic dynamics of two cylindrical shells nested into each other with a gap and their reinforcing beam, also with a gap, which is subjected to a distributed alternating load. The problem is using methods of nonlinear dynamics and qualitative theory of differential equations. The basic equations are the Novozhilov equations for equations geometrically nonlinear structures. Contact pressure is determined by Kantor's method. Using finite elements in the spatial variables, the partial differential equations for the beam and shells are reduced to the Cauchy problem, which is solved by explicit integration (Euler's method). The chaotic synchronization of this system is studied.

The maximum (minimum) effective stiffnesses of a corrugated plate with varying corrugation shape are determined.

This paper describes the experimental implementation of the laser-ultrasonic method for diagnosing mechanical compression and tensile stresses in steel structures, based on the acoustoelasticity effect. The special laser-ultrasonic transducer that ensures the laser excitation and highly sensitive piezoelectric recording of head (longitudinal subsurface) ultrasonic waves. It is shown on the example of R65 rail samples of various quality that, regardless of the structural phase state of the rail, there is one and the same linear relationship between the relative variation of the velocity of head ultrasonic waves and the absolute value of uniaxial compression and tensile stresses acting in the rail.

This paper describes the influence of geometric nonlinearity in the analysis of the strength of orthotropic cylindrical panels. The values of maximum permissible loads in the linear and nonlinear versions of calculations of structures made of unidirectional carbon plastics are given, and the loads at which stability loss occurs are determined. The mathematical models accounts for transverse shifts and geometric nonlinearity and stated as the full potential strain energy functional. The calculations are carried out on the basis of the method of solution continuation with respect to the parameter. The strength is estimated by using the maximum stress criterion.

The bending vibrations of D16AT Duralumin samples are investigated, and a significant frequency dependence of the dynamic modulus of elasticity of D16AT Duralumin is detected. It is shown that in the frequency range 0-20 Hz, the dynamic elastic modulus is significantly reduced and at high frequencies, it is practically unchanged. A general method has been developed to determine the form and frequency of free vibrations of the structure taking into account the dependence of the dynamic modulus of elasticity of the material on the frequency of its deformation. Numerical experiments on pulsed loading of an elongated plate have been determined, and the need to consider the frequency dependence of the dynamic modulus of elasticity of Duralumin in structural analysis has been shown.

The change in the cross section of a shell with external and internal constraints is analyzed by analytical and numerical methods using simplified nonlinear models. It is shown that an appropriate choice of constraints eliminates unwanted wrinkles and imparts the shape of a regular hollow polyhedron to a circular shell.

This paper touches upon the computer simulation of the propagation of elastic waves in three-dimensional multilayer cracked media. The dynamic processes are described using the defining system of equations in partial derivatives of the deformed solid mechanics. The numerical solution of this system is carried out via the grid-characteristic method on curvilinear structural grids. The cracked nature of the medium is accounted for by explicitly selecting the boundaries of individual cracks and setting special boundary conditions in them. The various models of the heterogeneous deformed medium having a cracked structure are considered: a homogeneous medium, a medium with horizontal boundaries, and media with inclined and curvilinear boundaries. The wave fields detected on the surface are obtained, and their structure is analyzed. It is demonstrated that it is possible to detect waves propagating from a cracked medium even in the case of nonparallel (inclined and curvilinear) boundaries of geological layers.

In the present research, T-stress solutions are provided for a V-shaped notch in the case of surface defects in a pressurised pipeline. The V-shaped notch is analyzed with the use of the finite element method by the Castem2000 commercial software to determine the stress distribution ahead of the notch tip. The notch aspect ratio is varied. In contrast to a crack, it is found that the T-stress is not constant and depends on the distance from the notch tip. To estimate the T-stress in the case of a notch, a novel method is developed, inspired by the volumetric method approach proposed by Pluvinage. The method is based on averaging the T-stress over the effective distance ahead of the notch tip. The effective distance is determined by the point with the minimum stress gradient in the fracture process zone. This approach is successfully used to quantify the constraints of the notch-tip fields for various geometries and loading conditions. Moreover, the proposed T-stress estimation creates a basis for analyzing the crack path under mixed-mode loading from the viewpoint of the two-parameter fracture mechanics.

An analytical simulation of an elastically restrained tapered cantilever beam is performed. Five different analytical methods are applied to solve the dynamic model of the nonlinear oscillation equation. Analytical relationships between the natural frequency and the initial amplitude are obtained. The present solutions are compared with the exact solution, and excellent agreement is noted.

This paper describes the study of the stress-strain state in the elements of a non-spherical shell of variable thickness arising during pulse action. The effect of the radii of inserts used as reinforcing elements on the magnitude of stresses in the non-spherical bottoms is investigated. The relationship between the stress-strain state in the shell pole and the radius of the inserts is studied. It is shown that the use of an insert of an optimum radius allows creating an equally strong explosion chamber.

Aim: Investigate relations of 8 SNPs with myocardial infarction in groups of up to 55 years and after 55 years. Methods: The group of patients with myocardial infarction, arrived in the intensive care unit City Clinical Hospital № 1 (2009-2010 gg.) 160 people (113 men and 47 women). The control group was formed based on the sample of population 45-69 year old residents of the October and the Kirov district of Novosibirsk (9.400 people), which was collected by Institute of Internal Medicine SB RAMS during the work on the international project HAPIEE (Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe). It included 420 people with no signs of myocardial infarction (men 270, women 150). Genomic DNA was isolated from venous blood by phenol-chloroform extraction. SNP of gene were tested by RT-PCR according to the protocol of the manufacturer (TaqMan Probes, Applied Biosystems, USA) on the device ABI 7900HT. In a study following SNPs were taken: rs499818, rs619203, rs1333049, rs1376251, rs2549513, rs4804611, rs17465637. Results: For rs1333049 were shown an association with MI: SS OR = 2.05 (95 % CI 1.35-3.12 p = 0.001, CC vs CT + TT) and PT OR = 0.59 (95 % CI 0.37-0.93; p = 0.023; CT vs CC + TT) in the group. In both age groups, an association has been confirmed: SS OR = 2.92 (95 % CI 1.39-6.16; p = 0.006; CC vs CT + TT) for junior and SS OR = 1.77 (95 % CI 1.05-2.97; p = 0.035; CC vs CT + TT) and senior groups. For rs4804611 shows a predisposing role in relation to MI AA OR = 1.63 (95 % CI, 1.03-2.45; P = 0.04; AA vs AG + GG) in the older age group, for the remaining SNPs statistically valid data has been received. Conclusions: Thus in this study were confirmed by rs1333049 association (hr. 9) with myocardial infarction, regardless of age, as well as shows the association of rs4804611 in the group over 55 years.

Objective: To assess the potential of a new approach to altering the heart rate by expression inhibition of the SCN5A gene, encoding a classical sodium channel, Na_v1.5, with an antisense oligonucleotide derivative in the case study of the mouse. Material and methods: C57BL/6J male mice; oligonucleotide derivative with a length of 15 nucleotides protected from nucleases by the presence of internucleotide phosphorothioate bonds and LNA (locked nucleic acids) blocks at the 5ʹ and 3ʹ ends (ASO); standard injection of ASO in physiological saline solution into the mouse caudal vein; standard technique for determination of the heart rate and blood pressure in mice with a CODA Surgical Monitor (Kent Scientific, United States); and standard quantification of apoB apolipoprotein and lipoproteins HDL-C, LDL-C, total cholesterol, TG, and ALT in the blood serum. Results: ASO decreases the heart rate in mice by 12 % over 10 days and further uniformly accelerates the heart rate to almost initial level by day 16 as well as gently decreases the mean values of systolic and diastolic pressures with their subsequent increase and gradual redistribution of “excess” pressure in the control and experimental animal groups. The level of lipid metabolism in experimental animals is decreased. Conclusions: The new approach to alter the heart rate by inhibition of the SCN5A gene expression with an antisense oligonucleotide derivative is shown to be feasible. The impact is accompanied by minor changes in the systolic and diastolic pressures and a decrease in the level of lipid metabolism. The preparation is promising in terms of the influence on the heart rate taking into account the further insight into its effect at different concentrations and possible insignificant side effects.

The mortality from cardiovascular disease in Russia remains high. The target of the real work was the research of new biochemical markers of сardiovascular diseases and their probable complications (an apolipoprotein of A1 (Apoa1), an apolipoprotein B (ApoB), relation ApoB/ApoA1) at residents of Altai region. It is shown that between men and women statistically significant distinctions are revealed on all analyzed markers of possible complications: contents ApoB, coefficient of ApoB/ApoA1 at men is higher, and the contents ApoA1 - is below, than at women.

Objective: Тo determine the effect of a high level of personal anxiety on the difference in the risk of myocardial infarction (HR) and stroke in men and women in an open population of 25-64 years in Novosibirsk. Material and methods: A random representative sample of the population aged 25-64 years of Novosibirsk in 1994 (men n = 657, women n = 870) was examined in the framework of the III screening of the WHO MONICA-psychosocial program. The program included: registration of socio - demographic data, identification of personal anxiety (LT). Over a 16-year period, new cases of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke were in women 15 and 35 cases; In men 30 and 22 cases, respectively. The statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS version 11.5 software package. The criterion χ2 was used, for the development risk assessment (HR) - Cox-regression model (Cox-regression). Reliability in all types of analysis was adopted at a significance level of p ≤ 0,05. Results: In an open population of 25-64 years, VUT was defined in 59.9 % of women and 50.9 % of men. In the Cox single-factor model, after 16 years, HRM in persons with VUT was higher among women than among men (HR = 4.19 and HR = 3.7, respectively), and stroke was higher in men than in women (HR = 4.43 and HR = 3.5, respectively). In the multifactorial model of Cox in 55-64-year-old people, the influence of VUT on HRM was preserved, which was higher in women than in men (HR = 5.95, HR = 3.56, respectively). The greatest HR stroke, in the presence of VUT, was in divorced (HR = 5,017) and widowed men (HR = 3,848), aged 55-64 years (HR = 5,8). Among women, such patterns were not revealed. Conclusion: The prevalence of VUT among the population is more than 50 % and higher in women than in men . The risk of MI development over a 16-year period was higher in women, and in stroke in men.