I. V. Bychkov, G. A. Oparin, A. G. Feoktistov, I. A. Sidorov, V. G. Bogdanov, S. A. Gorsky
Matrosov Institute for System Dynamics and Control Theory, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Lermontova 134, Irkutsk, 664033 Russia
Keywords: distributed computing, multiagent control, monitoring
Pages: 107-112 Subsection: ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OF SIGNALS AND IMAGES
This paper describes the control of computations in a distributed computing environment (DCE) on the basis of its meta-monitoring and simulation modeling. Computations are controlled by a multiagent system with a given organizational structure. Resource allocation is carried out by agents with the use of economic mechanisms for controlling their supply and demand. Controlling actions for agents are formed on the basis of the simulation modeling of functional processes of the DCE. Data about the DCE resources and processes are collected and emergency situations in the DCE nodes are detected and prevented by the meta-monitoring system of this environment. The research results are the techniques for selecting control actions and the methods for intellectual processing and effective storage of data.
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:116:"V. A. Ivanov1, V. S. Kirichuk1,2, V. P. Kosykh1,2, V. V. Sinel’shchikov3";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"html";} 1Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia 2Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia 3Corporation "Kometa", ul. Velozavodskaya 5, Moscow, 115280 Russia
Keywords: матричный фотоприёмник, обнаружение точечных объектов, адаптивная фильтрация, фоточувствительный элемент, функция рассеяния точки, photodetector array, detection of point objects, adaptive filtration, photosensitive element, point spread function
Pages: 113-120 Subsection: ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OF SIGNALS AND IMAGES
The efficiency of detecting point objects in images obtained by a photodetector array is analyzed. It is shown that the detection efficiency depends both on the image processing method and on the relationship between the sizes of the array elements, the gaps between these elements, and the point spread function of the optical system forming the image. Results of a computational experiment are given, which confirm the existence of an optimal relationship between these parameters.
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:42:"A. L. Reznik, A. A. Solov’ev, A. V. Torgov";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"text";}
Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
Keywords: вероятность безошибочного считывания, случайное бросание, компьютерно-аналитические выкладки, случайное разбиение интервала, probability of error-free readout, random tossing, computer-analytical calculation, random partitioning of an interval
Pages: 121-127 Subsection: ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OF SIGNALS AND IMAGES
A novel approach is proposed for solving probability problems arising in studying reliability of readout of random point structures. The essence of this approach is based on combining specialized program-analytical and discrete-combinatorial methods of research seldom used in academic practice. The efficiency of the proposed approach is demonstrated by an example of solving a particular problem that involves two-threshold readout of random point images.
B. Yu. Lemeshko, P. Yu. Blinov, S. B. Lemeshko
Novosibirsk State Technical University, pr. Karla Marksa 20, Novosibirsk, 630073 Russia
Keywords: равномерный закон, проверка гипотез, статистический критерий, мощность критерия, uniformity, testing hypotheses, statistical test, test power
Pages: 128-140 Subsection: ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OF SIGNALS AND IMAGES
This paper describes a set of tests for uniformity of observations which are ranked by power. It is shown that most tests commonly used for the hypothesis of uniformity are biased relative to a certain kind of competing hypotheses. It is emphasized that specific tests meant only for uniformity have no obvious advantages over nonparametric goodness-of-fit tests used for the same purpose.
A. Zh. Abdenov, G. A. Abdenova
L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, ul. K. Satpayev 2 Astana, 010008, Republic of Kazakhstan
Keywords: уравнение теплопроводности, модель в пространстве состояний, метод конечных разностей, пассивная идентификация коэффициентов, фильтр Калмана, вейвлет-преобразование, heat equation, state-space model, finite-difference method, passive identification of coefficients, Kalman filter, wavelet transform
Pages: 141-147 Subsection: ANALYSIS AND SYNTHESIS OF SIGNALS AND IMAGES
This paper describes the problem of passive identification of heat equation coefficients with account for the noise of the behavior of the object dynamics model and for the noise of the measuring system model. The use of the finite difference method allowed for reducing the solution of partial differential equations to the solution of a system of linear finite-difference and algebraic equations described by models in the form of a state space. Presentation of the heat equation in form of such a model makes it possible to apply the Kalman filter algorithm for the reliable estimation of the behavior of the object under study.
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:141:"G. M. Borisov1,2, V. G. Gol’dort1, A. A. Kovalyov1, D. V. Ledovskikh1, N. N. Rubtsova1";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"html";}
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:246:"1Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 13, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia 2Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"html";}
Keywords: квантовые ямы, полупроводниковые зеркала, насыщение поглощения, пассивная синхронизация, quantum wells, semiconductor mirrors, saturable absorption, passive mode locking
Pages: 148-152
The kinetics of mirrors with saturable absorption is investigated by a pump-probe singlefrequency technique in reflection of femtosecond pulse radiation with the central wavelength of 1040 nm. The double modulation method with probe radiation detection at the summary frequency allows suppressing the scattered pump radiation contribution and reaching the reflection change sensitivity at a level of 10-5. The kinetics of recovery of the linear reflectivity of the mirror including resonant quantum wells with nanostructured barriers is studied for the surface density of photons in pump pulses of (0.3-5.8) x 1014 cm-2. The time of electron-hole recombination (7.8 ps) is found to be appreciably shorter than in samples with quantum wells separated by thick barriers; the time of ionization of excitons localized in quantum wells (0.2-0.4 ps) increases with the pump intensity.
A two-beam interferometer based on a beam-splitter cube with a fixed photosensitive element is proposed. The interferometer is designed for generating interference patterns with a tunable period. The only type of motion resulting in a change in the period is interferometer rotation with respect to the source of the light beam. The greatest width of the range of convergence angle tuning is close to 50°, and possible values of this angle lie in the interval from 10 to 180°. The interferometer arms have identical lengths owing to its symmetry. The absence of adjustment elements ensures high stability of the instrument with respect to vibrations.
V. A. Arbuzov1,2, E. V. Arbuzov2,3, N. A. Dvornikov1, Yu. N. Dubnishchev1,2, V. G. Nechaev2, E. O. Shlapakova2
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:394:"1Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Lavrent’eva 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia 2Novosibirsk State Technical University, pr. Karla Marksa 20, Novosibirsk, 630073 Russia 3Sobolev Institute of Mathematics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 4, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"html";}
Keywords: вихревое кольцо, факел, гильберт-визуализация вихревых структур, vortex ring, flame, Hilbert visualization of vortex structures
Pages: 161-166
The interaction of a cold vortex ring with flame in an axisymmetric configuration has been investigated using methods of Hilbert optics, shearing interferometry, and numerical simulation. The impact of a cold vortex ring formed by a pressure pulse from the annular area surrounding the source on the flame has been numerically simulated. The modes of breakup of the flame structure, blow-off, and quenching under various conditions of vortex ring formation were identified. It is shown that in the case of both complete and partial quenching, most of the flame is blown off. However, in the case of incomplete quenching of the flame, in its lower part there is a small combustion zone, which then grows back to the previous size.
E. V. Stroganova, V. V. Galutskii, K. V. Sudarikov, D. A. Rasseikin, N. A. Yakovenko
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:73:"Kuban State University, ul. Stavropol’skaya 149, Krasnodar, 350040 Russia";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"text";}
Keywords: градиентно активированные кристаллы, оптические центры, дефектная структура, пороговые концентрации примеси, gradient-activated crystals, optical centers, defect structure, threshold dopant concentrations
Pages: 167-173
Investigations of the defect structure of a gradient-activated stoichiometric LiNbO3:Mg2+, Cr3+ crystal, in which the chromium concentration has a constant value of 0.1 at. % along the crystal growth axis, and the magnesium concentration changes smoothly from 5.5 to 2.0 al. %. The threshold concentration of Mg2+ ions (2.35 at. %) in these crystals with a concentration width of change in the center composition (Cr optical center and its nearest neighbors) of 0.09 at. % Mg2+ ions is established.
V. D. Paranin1, S. N. Khonina1,2, S. V. Karpeev1,2 1Samara State Aerospace University, Moskovskoe Shosse 34, Samara, 443086 Russia 2Image Processing Systems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Molodogvardeiskaya 151, Samara, 443001 Russia
Keywords: лазерные вихревые пучки Бесселя, одноосный кристалл, термооптический эффект, тепловое расширение, Bessel laser vortex beams, uniaxial crystal, thermo-optic effect, thermal expansion
Pages: 174-179
The transformation of zero-order Bessel beams to a second-order Bessel vortex beam in a c-cut CaCO3 crystal has been studied experimentally. It has been shown that it is possible to control the beam transformation in the crystal during heating. The influence of the thermo-optic effect and the linear thermal expansion of the crystal on the transformation of the Bessel beam is explained.
N. G. Mironnikov1,2, V. P. Korolkov1,2, D. I. Derevyanko3, V. V. Shelkovnikov3,4, O. B. Vitrick5,6, A. Yu. Zhizhchenko5
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:724:"1Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia 2Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090 3N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent’eva 9, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia 4Tomsk State University, ul. Lenina 36, Tomsk, 634050 Russia 5Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far-East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Radio 5, Vladivostok, sl690041 Russia 6Far-East Federal University, ul. Sukhanova 8, Vladivostok, 690041 Russia";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"html";}
Keywords: гибридный фотополимер, тиол-силоксан-акрилатные олигомеры, коэффициент преломления, термооптический коэффициент, коэффициент теплового расширения, атермализация, hybrid photopolymer, thiol-siloxane and tetraacrylate oligomers, refractive index, thermooptic coefficient, thermal expansion coefficient, athermalization
Pages: 180-186
Optical (refractive index and absorption coefficient) and thermo-optical (linear thermal expansion and thermo-optic coefficients) characteristics of a new hybrid organic-inorganic photopolymer material "Hybrimer-TATS" based on thiol-siloxane and tetraacrylate oligomers are studied. Variation of the ratio of initial components makes it possible to change the thermo-optic coefficient from -0.7 x 10-4 to 0,66 x 10-4 K-1, which offers prospects for synthesizing athermal optical components and optical elements with a high sensitivity to temperature variation for thermal sensors.
P. G. Kovadlo1, A. A. Lubkov2, A. N. Bevzov2, K. I. Budnikov2, S. V. Vlasov2, A. A. Zotov2, D. Yu. Kolobov1, A. V. Kurochkin2, V. N. Kotov2, S. A. Lylov2, T. V. Lyakh2, A. S. Maksimov2, S. V. Perebeinos2, A. D. Petukhov2, V. S. Peshcherov1, Yu. A. Popov2, I. V. Russkikh1, V. E. Tomin1 1Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Lermontova, 126-a, P.B. 291, Irkutsk, 664033 Russia 2Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 1, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia
Keywords: автоматизированная система управления, телескоп, сидеростат, координатометр, модуль слежения за Солнцем, контроллер, automated control system, telescope, siderostat, coordinatometer, Sun tracing module, controller
Pages: 187-195 Subsection: AUTOMATION SYSTEMS IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY
The architecture, composition, specific features of operation, and technical characteristics of an automated control system of the Large Solar Vacuum Telescope of the Baikal astrophysical observatory are considered. The system is used for automation of both the observation process (automatic telescope guiding to the Sun, selection of a needed region in the solar disk image, guiding based on prescribed coordinates, and video monitoring of the basic subsystems of the telescope) and the auxiliary operations (evacuation, siderostat mirror unloading, and dome control).
V. D. Yurkevich
Novosibirsk State Technical University, pr. Karla Marksa 20, Novosibirsk, 630073 Russia
Keywords: нелинейные многоканальные системы управления, управление манипулятором, метод разделения движений, nonlinear multi-channel control systems, manipulator control, time-scale separation method
Pages: 196-202 Subsection: AUTOMATION SYSTEMS IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY
The problem of controller design for nonlinear multi-channel dynamical plants is discussed. Trajectory motion tracking control for a multilink manipulator is treated as an example of the proposed design methodology. A distinctive feature of the discussed approach to calculate controller parameters is that two-time-scale motions are artificially forced in a closed-loop system where stability of the fast mode is provided by selection of the controller parameters while the induced slow mode correspond to the reference model of desired nonlinear plant behavior. Simulation results for a two-link manipulator robot manipulator tracking control system are presented.
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:110:"M. A. Dem’yanenko1, A. I. Kozlov1, A. R. Novoselov2, V. N. Ovsyuk1";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"html";}
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:317:"1Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Lavrent’eva, 13 Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia 2Design and Technological Institute of Applied Microelectronics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Nikolaeva 8, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"html";}
Keywords: мозаичный фотоприёмник, неохлаждаемый микроболометр, кремниевый мультиплексор, схема считывания фотосигналов, инфракрасный и терагерцовый диапазоны, mosaic focal plane array, uncooled microbolometer, readout integrated circuit, infrared and terahertz ranges
Pages: 203-209 Subsection: NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN OPTICS AND ELECTRONICS
Mosaic focal plane arrays (MFPAs) have been designed, and a number of addressing schemes reducing the blind zone have been proposed. A precision technology for fabricating MFPAs with a total size of the blind zone of not more than 30 μm has been developed. Certain systemic issues of applying MFPAs are discussed. The designed 3072 x 576 uncooled microbolometer MFPAs based on 384 x 288 submodules with a pixel pitch of 17-51 μm provide ~99 % image conversion efficiency in the infrared range and those with a pixel pitch of 100 μm provide 100 % image conversion efficiency in the terahertz range.
V. I. Busurin, A. T. Pham
Moscow Aviation Institute, Volokolamskoe Shosse 4, A-80, GSP-3, Moscow, 125993 Russia
Keywords: микрооптоэлектромеханический преобразователь, угловая скорость пьезокерамика, оптическое туннелирование, отражательная способность, micro-opto-electro-mechanical transducer, angular velocity, piezoceramics, optical tunneling, reflectivity
Pages: 210-215 Subsection: NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN OPTICS AND ELECTRONICS
The possibility of designing a micro-opto-electro-mechanical (MOEM) angular velocity transducer based on the optical tunneling effect is discussed. A MOEM transducer model has been developed. Dependences of the output optical power and output voltage on angular velocity have been obtained. The effective measurement range of angular velocities that provides quasilinearity of the transfer function has been determined. The effects of the design parameters of the sensitive element and temperature on the performance of the transducer are analyzed.
S.A. Sitnov, I.I. Mokhov, V.A. Bezverkhny
A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyzhevsky per., 3, 119017, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: общее содержание озона, общее влагосодержание, атмосферное блокирование, европейская территория России, аномальное лето 2010 г, Североатлантическое колебание, total column оzone, precipitable water vapor, atmospheric block, European Russia, Russian heat wave in summer 2010, North Atlantic oscillation
Subsection: "SIBERIAN AEROSOLS"
Using satellite data, connections between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the daily anomalies in total column ozone (TCO) and those in precipitable water vapor (PWV) over Europe during the summer of 2010 heatwave were analyzed. The analysis revealed over the northern European Russia (ER) spacious and closely located regions of negative correlation between TCO and NAO and positive correlation between PWV and NAO, with the extreme (maximum) local correlation coefficients up to -0.55 and 0.68, respectively. The results of correlation analysis and cross-wavelet analysis showed that the increased correlations between TCO, PWV, and NAO in the summer of 2010 were mainly due to coherent variations of atmospheric parameters in the period of the destruction of blocking anticyclone.
Non-stationary mathematical model of bioaerosol dynamics is considered. It is based on nonlinear integral-differential equations describing coagulation, condensation, and evaporation processes. Unconditionally positive numerical schemes for transformation problem is presented. The algorithm is based on discrete analytical approximations using fundamental solutions of local ajoint problems. The model was numerically compared with the models describing individual mechanisms in its composition. The relative contribution of each mechanism in the overall dynamics of aerosol populations is investigated based on numerical experiments.
A.A. Lezhenin1, V.F. Raputa1, T.V. Yaroslavtseva2 1Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 6, Ac. Lavrentieva ave., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia 2Novosibirsk Scientific Research Institute of Hygiene of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare, 7, Parkhomenko Str., Novosibirsk, 630108, Russia
Keywords: атмосфера, снежный покров, загрязнение, численное моделирование, реконструкция, atmosphere, snow cover, pollution, numerical modeling, reconstruction
Subsection: "SIBERIAN AEROSOLS"
Using a numerical mesoscale model of the atmospheric boundary layer the dynamics of air streams in the Norilsk valley is investigated. Results of calculations for typical weather conditions are presented. It is shown that the orographic peculiarities of the region form a wind field, nonhomogeneous in the horizontal and highly variable in the vertical. With data on pollution of the snow cover in vicinity of the Norilsk copper plant a numerical reconstruction of fields of dust and heavy metals sedimentation is carried out.
Saltation mechanism investigation in the windsand flux over the desertified area has been carried out on fast video recording data using spectral and wavelet analysis. Quasiperiodic variation peculiarities of the saltating sand concentration are studied. It is established that narrow bands in spectrum (“spectral lines”) of saltating sand concentration fluctuation density power in the range from 100 to 200 Hz are consistent with wave packets, which duration achieves 8-9 periods. It is suggested to use the duration of the wave packets observed as a measure of a pulsation coherence of the wind velocity in a near surface layer of the atmosphere. It is shown that quasiperiodic variability saltating sand concentration appearance is explained by interaction of the wind gusts with wave irregularities on the underlying surface type of fine ripples. The wave packet formation with duration to 4-5 periods can be explained using the model of jet-pulse saltation.
V.I. Kuzin, N.A. Lapteva
Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 6, Ac. Lavrentieva ave., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: математическое моделирование, климатический речной сток, бассейны рек Сибири, mathematical modeling, hydrological data, climatic river runoff, Siberia rivers basins
Subsection: "SIBERIAN AEROSOLS"
The article discusses the results of the analysis of the hydrological input data for the Siberian river runoff model for the XXI century. The data of the INM, CRNM, GFDL, MIROC5, and HadGEM models of the RCP 8.5 scenario of the CMIP5 IPCC Project were used for the analysis. The results show the positive trend for the data for all the models. The data were used for the calculations of the Siberian rivers runoff to the Arctic Ocean. The calculation also gives the positive trend in accordance with the data with some differences in the values.
A.A. Vinogradova1, N.S. Smirnov2, V.N. Korotkov2 1A.M. Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Pyzhevsky per., 3, 119017, Moscow, Russia 2Institute of Global Climate and Ecology of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring and Russian Academy of Sciences, Glebovskaya street, 20b, 107258, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: черный углерод, сажа, природные пожары, эмиссии с территории России, дальний атмосферный перенос, Арктика, black carbon, soot, nature forest fires, Russian BC emissions, long-range atmospheric transport, the Arctic
Subsection: "SIBERIAN AEROSOLS"
Model estimates of black carbon (BC) air concentrations were made for some Arctic points under extreme wildfires in Russia during summertimes of 2010 and 2012. The initial information on monthly burned areas by fires on the territories of Russian administrative units through 2000-2013 were taken from the official site of Federal Forestry Agency of RF (Rosleshoz). These data were converted in BC atmospheric emissions taking into account differences in flora and fire types. Atmospheric BC concentrations in the Arctic were calculated with the help of back-trajectory statistics for five arctic points situated on Kola Peninsula, in the south-east of Arkhangelsk area, and at Nenetsky, Gydansky, Ust’-Lensky Nature Reserves. Specific circulation conditions in the atmosphere accompanying extreme fires can decrease transport efficiency from fire territories to the Arctic points. BC air concentrations are minimal in the north-western areas of European Russia and near Ust’-Lensky Nature Reserve. The region near Nenetsky Nature Reserve (in the north-eastern part of Europe) is polluted by BC from fires maximally. At the same time, the north-western areas of Siberia are mainly polluted by BC from anthropogenic emissions. Intense wildfires in Siberia and Yakutiya can increase BC air concentrations in summertime in the North of the Asian part of Russia. The results of the work may be used as qualitative estimates in comparative climatic or ecological analysis for different arctic regions.
Continuous sampling of aerosols is carryed out on the NW coast of the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea. Aerosol matter from 30 filters collected in summer and autumn 2013 and in spring 2014 was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Elemental composition of aerosol matter was determined by inductively-coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS). The major part of aerosol particles collected in summer is of biogenic origin. Heavy metal concentrations in aerosols are on the Arctic background level. The distribution of trace element concentrations is characterized by simultaneous peaks of different elements. Backward trajectory analysis shows increasing of Ni and Cu concentrations corresponding to air masses coming from western part of the Kola Peninsula. That suggests influence of smelters.
A.M. Zvyagintsev1, I.N. Kuznetsova2, I.Ju. Shalygina2, V.A. Lapchenko3, N.E. Brusova2, A.A. Arkhangelskaia2, N.V. Tereb4, E.A. Lezina5
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:637:"1Central Aerological Observatory, ul. Pervomayskaya, 3, Dolgoprudnyiy g., Mosk. Obl., 141700, Russia 2Hydrometeorological Centre of Russia, 11-13, Bol'shoj Predtechenskij per., 123242, Moscow, Russia 3Karadag Nature Reserve of the National Academy of Sciences of RAS, 24 Nauki str., Kurortnoye stlm., Feodosia, AR Crime, 298188 4Russian Federal Service on Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring Research and Production Association «Typhoon», 4, Pobeda str., Obninsk, Kaluga Region, 249038 Russia 5Mosjekomonitoring, 11/1, Novyj Arbat, 1119019, Moscow, Russia";}
Keywords: озон, озоновый эпизод, метеорологические факторы, адвекция загрязнений, мегаполис, пригород, прогноз озона, ozone, ozone episode, meteorological factors, advection of pollutions, megapolis, suburb, forecast ozone
Subsection: "SIBERIAN AEROSOLS"
Surface ozone sources and factors forming anomalous ozone concentration are discussed. The relations between elevated surface ozone concentrations, air temperature, and wind speed in planetary boundary layer are studied using data from Moscow, its environments and more far territories, Black Sea coast, foreign air quality stations. Impacts of advection of ozone and its precursors on ozone levels are shown. Studies of factors causing ozone episodes and reasons of below-average ozone concentrations under meteorological conditions, favorable for photochemical ozone production, are the base for interpretation and correction of ozone forecasting from chemistry-transport models.
A.A. Inozemtsev1, A.N. Sahzenkov1, A.M. Sipatov1, V.V. Tsatiashvily1, T.V. Abramchuk1, A.K. Petrov2, S.B. Malyshkin2, L.V. Kuibida2, A.S. Kozlov2, M.V. Panchenko3, B.S. Kozlov3 1Aviadvigatel JSC, 93, Komsomol'skij prospect, Perm', 614000, Russia 2V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 3 Institutskaya str., 3, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia 3V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 1, Academician Zuev square, Tomsk, 634021, Russia
Keywords: газотурбинный двигатель, эмиссия, нелетучие частицы, камера сгорания, gas turbine engine, emission, particular matter, combustor chamber
Subsection: "SIBERIAN AEROSOLS"
The experimental investigation results of chemical and fractional composition of non-volatil matter in size ranges from 10 to 1100 nm for combustion products are presented. Researches were performed at high performance test bench for civil aviation engines combustors tests using dedicated equipment for real-time fractional composition measurements. Composition analysis of probes collected on filter was performed in laboratory way.
This paper is devoted to studying the thermal diffusion of nanoparticles in dense gases and liquids by the method of molecular dynamics with Rudyak-Krasnolutskii nanoparticle-molecule potential and Rudyak-Krasnolutskii-Ivanov nanoparticle-nanoparticle potential. Thermal diffusion and binary diffusion coefficients were calculated with the help of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. Nanofluids simulated consisted of argon as а carrier medium and aluminum nanoparticles. Dependences of the thermal diffusion and Soret coefficients of nanoparticles on their diameter and volume concentration were obtained. For small diameter nanoparticles (1-4 nm) thermal diffusion coefficient showed a significant dependence on their size.
L.I. Kurbatskaya1, A.F. Kurbatskii2 1Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 6, Ac. Lavrentieva ave., 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia 2Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 4/1, Institutskaya str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Keywords: турбулентность, планетарный пограничный слой, городской остров тепла, крупномасштабная циркуляция, численное моделирование, turbulence, planetary boundary layer, urban heat island, large-scale circulation, numerical modeling
Subsection: "SIBERIAN AEROSOLS"
We examine the parameterizations of a turbulent friction velocity u * for the mathematical heat-island model of the low-aspect-ratio in the stratified environment. This study was performed to simulate the urban heat island in a calm stably stratified medium with the thermophysics inhomogeneity of the underlying surface: the unstable stratification over the localized surface heat source and the stable stratification out of it [1]. The numerical results of u * are presented with the of use the Louis’s and Paulson’s non-iteration algorithms for the quasi-steady circulation over the urban heat island.
I.V. Tomberg, L.M. Sorokovikova, O.G. Netsvetaeva, N.P. Sezko, N.A. Zhuchenko
Limnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 3, Ulan-Batorskaya str., 664033, Irkutsk, Russia
Keywords: притоки Южного Байкала, снежный покров, рН, сумма ионов, сульфат, нитрат, tributaries of South Baikal, snow cover, рН, ions sum, sulphate, nitrate
Subsection: "SIBERIAN AEROSOLS"
This paper presents data characterizing the changes of waters chemical composition in the Southern Baikal for 20-year period of observations impacted by precipitations with high content of pollutants. Levels of acidic components accumulation in the snow cover of river basins are calculated. Resistance of river waters to acidification at different levels of acidic charge is determined for each water flow.
The composition of surface compounds desorbing in darkness and under irradiation from microparticles of precipitated aerosol Ca(OH)2 without calcium carbonate were investigated. The quantum yield quantities and its spectral dependencies for the photodesorption from aerosol microparticles and the oxygen photoadsoption were determined.
For timely assessment of the ecological status of hard wetlands in Western Siberia, methods for measuring and mapping the thermal anomalies (torches, fires, burning) of oil-producing territories are developed on the basis of satellite data.
May 21, 2016 marks the 80th anniversary of the birth of one of the most prominent Russian scientists in the field of atmospheric aerosol research Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor Lev Semenovich Ivlev.
M. R. Raveshi
Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
Keywords: функционально-градиентный материал, не подчиняющаяся закону Фурье теплопроводность, метод дифференциального преобразования, плита, функция, экспоненциально зависящая от расстояния, functionally graded material, non-Fourier heat conduction, differential transformation method, slab, exponential location-dependent function
The present article investigates one-dimensional non-Fourier heat conduction in a functionally graded material by using the differential transformation method. The studied geometry is a finite functionally graded slab, which is initially at a uniform temperature and suddenly experiences a temperature rise at one side, while the other side is kept insulated. A general non-Fourier heat transfer equation related to the functionally graded slab is derived. The problem is solved in the Laplace domain analytically, and the final results in the time domain are obtained by using numerical inversion of the Laplace transform. The obtained results are compared with the exact solution to verify the accuracy of the proposed method, which shows excellent agreement.
N. V. Malai1, A. V. Limanskaya1, E. R. Shchukin2 1Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, 308007 Russia 2Joint Institute of High Temperatures, Moscow, 125412 Russia
Keywords: термофорез нагретых сферических частиц, движение нагретых сферических частиц в поле градиента температуры, thermophoresis of heated spherical particles, motion of heated spherical particles in a gradient temperature field
The stationary motion of a large spherical aerosol particle in the external field of a temperature gradient in zero gravity is theoretically described using the Stokes approximation and the assumption that the average temperature of the particle surface differs considerably from the temperature of the surrounding gaseous medium. The gas dynamics equations are solved taking into account the power-law temperature dependence of the molecular transport coefficients (viscosity, thermal conductivity) and the density of the gaseous medium. Numerical estimates show that the dependence of the thermophoretic force and velocity on the average temperature of the particle surface is nonlinear.
A. A. Vyatkin, A. A. Ivanova, V. G. Kozlov
Perm' State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Perm', 614990 Russia
Keywords: вибрационная тепловая конвекция, вращение, цилиндрический слой, теплоперенос, thermal-oscillatory convection, rotation, cylindrical layer, heat transfer
This paper describes the thermal convection and heat transfer in a cylindrical fluid layer rotating around a horizontal axis, with various constant temperatures set at the layer boundaries. The influence of the rotational speed of the cylindrical fluid layer on the convective heat transfer in this layer is studied. The study results are presented according to the dimensionless parameters that characterize the action of two convective mechanisms: centrifugal and thermal-oscillatory. It is shown that, with low rotational speed, the heat transfer is determined by quasistationary gravitational convection.
This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the deformation and structural parameters of 1561 anisotropic alloy. It has been found that the lowest anisotropy factor corresponds to the formation of an ultrafine-grained equiaxed structure under temperature-strain rate conditions of superplasticity.
A two-dimensional contact problem of a trapezium shaped punch pressed into a frictionless, elastically similar half-plane and subject sequentially to the normal load and bending moment is considered. The model of a tilted flat punch is used to evaluate the pressure distribution and the contact deformation within the contact zone. Comparisons of the results generated by the analytical technique to those computed by the finite element method demonstrate the high level of accuracy attained by both methods. The presented numerical results illustrate the effects of the normal load, bending moment, and internal angles of the punch geometry on the contact stresses.
E. B. Kuznetsov, S. S. Leonov
Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow, 125993 Russia
Keywords: ползучесть, разрушение, параметр поврежденности, продолжение решения по параметру, наилучшая параметризация, методика определения функциональных зависимостей, системы дифференциальных уравнений, creep, fracture, damage parameter, solution continuation with respect to a parameter, the best parameterization, technique for determining functional dependences, systems of differential equations
The strain-strength characteristics of aerostructures made of hardening materials under uniaxial tension in creep conditions are determined. The problem is reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations of the kinetic theory of creep with one scalar damage parameter. The approximate solutions of the problem are obtained with the help of the implicit Euler method and of the arc length method in combination with the explicit methods of the Runge-Kutta family for cylindrical St.45 steel samples and 3V titanium alloy plates.
F. L. Lih
Center of General Education, Republic of China Military Academy, Kaohsiung 83059, Taiwan, Republic of China
Keywords: магнитогидродинамика, магнитореологическая жидкость, численное моделирование, магнитореологический абразивный поток, многофазный поток, MHD, magnetorheological fluid, CFD, MRAFF, multiphase flow
The aim of the present research is to conduct a numerical study of the characteristic of a two-phase magnetorheological fluid with different operation conditions by the finite volume method called SIMPLE with an add-on MHD code.
A.R. BAKHTIZIN1, YE.M. BUKHVALD2, A.V. KOLCHUGINA2 1Central Economics and Mathematics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nakhimovskiy av., 47, Moscow, 117418, Russia 2Institute of Economics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nakhimovskiy av., 32, Moscow, 117218, Russia
Keywords: субъекты Федерации, экономическая дифференциация регионов, региональная политика, subjects of the Russian Federation, economic differentiation of regions, regional policy
Subsection: Regional Policy and Economic Issues of Federalism
The article assessed causes and trends of socio-economic differentiation of the Russian federal subjects, as well as prospects of its overcoming, in particular from the standpoint of being ready to transfer their economies onto an innovative development path. We study the relevant objectives of regional development policy and present the current understanding of priorities to overcome inter-regional economic differentiation. We substantiate the ways of integrating federal innovation policy and regional development policy. To this end, the article distinguishes between groups of regions characterized both by the common level of socio-economic development and the specific features of their disposable investment, innovation, and social potentials. We identify how regional economic growth depends on the development indicators of investment, innovation, and social potentials. The article concludes that only flexible approaches in the federal regional policy, which account for the potential specificities of different regional groups, will help to overcome inter-regional economic differentiation, including that based on innovative development.
A.N. BUFETOVA
Institute of Economics and Industrial Engineering, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ac. Lavrentiev av., 17, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Keywords: регионы России, уровень экономического развития, пространственная концентрация экономической активности, распределение экономической активности, эволюция распределения, финальное (эргодическое) распределение, Russian regions, level of economic development, spatial concentration of economic activity, distribution of economic activity, evolution of distribution, final (ergodic) distribution
Subsection: Economic Issues of Regional Development
Using quantitative methods and qualitative analysis, the article explores the spatial distribution of economic activity in Russia. We obtain the characteristics of the evolution of economic activity distribution by analyzing Markov chains and mobility indices. The study shows that the spatial concentration of production has continued in the modern Russian economy. Along with the preservation and enhancement of existing centers of resource specialization, a number of new ones have formed; at the same time, we are witnessing the weakening role of old centers. Our analysis of the evolution of distribution has pointed out the presence of an active «poverty trap», «wealth trap» and a tendency to the formation of a «medial» group of regions according to the level of economic activity. The final distribution of regions in terms of economic activity, achievable by maintaining the trend observed over the test period, shows the establishment of a rather large pole of relative poverty and a pole of wealth that concentrates a significant proportion of value-added production. The emerging group of regions with the average development level is relatively small. Under such circumstances, the regional policy aimed at stimulating regional development only galvanizes the processes of polarization. A more adequate policy seems to be aimed at leveling uneven territorial development in order to avoid excessive exacerbation of interregional disparities and inequalities.
S.P. ZEMTSOV1, V.V. KLIMANOV2, YE.A. BUGAEVA3 1Institute of Applied Economic Research RANEPA, Vernadsky av., 82, Moscow, 119571, Russia 2Faculty at RANEPA, Vernadsky av., Moscow, 82, 119571, Russia 3Committee Chairperson at the Department of Economics, Administration of Tomsk Oblast, Lenin sq., 6, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
Keywords: Томская область, районирование, экономический пояс, пространственное планирование, пропульсивные отрасли, Tomsk Oblast, subdivision into districts, economic zone, spatial planning, propulsion industries
Subsection: Economic Issues of Regional Development
The article describes methodology behind the economic subdivision of Tomsk Oblast into districts. The theoretical basis for district identification is the concepts of propulsion industries, poles and axes of growth. We divide the area of the region into three economic zones, depending on the density of economic activity, their specialization and distance from Tomsk. The article sets development priorities for different parts of Tomsk Oblast until 2030. Tomsk agglomeration, center of research and hi-tech industries, has been identified as the main spatial development priority. We introduce multiple scenarios of spatial development that depend on the implementation of major infrastructure projects.
