V. V. Pavlovskiy
Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: отечественная система образования и воспитания, гуманизация образования и воспитания, антропизм, фазы развития гуманизма, системный обзор полного, совершенного гуманизма, national education and upbringing, humanization of education and upbringing, antropism, stages of humanism development, systematic review of complete humanism
The author sees all contradictions and difficulties of building personal features of teachers, pupils and students in the problem of humanization and implementation of humanism elements in the national education. Liberalism and conservatism and their ideologies, practices, globalization, commercialization and technocratic approaches prevail nowadays; this results in the fact that humanization faces significant difficulties. At the same time the law of accelerated historical process is in force and contributes to social progress. Education and upbringing of young people is an activity for the present and future. The author makes the systematic review of complete humanism, its content as a main criterion in activity of students and teachers.
V. I. Kudashov1, S. I. Chernykh2, M. P. Iatsenko1, D. V. Rakhinskiy3 1Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation 2Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation 3Krasnoyarsk state agrarian university, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: глобализация, образование, информационные технологии, коммуникационные технологии, идеология, учебный процесс, globalization, education, information technologies, communication technologies, ideology, educational process
Wide application of new information technologies in modern educational space is characterized by specifying the whole complex of previously unknown problems (e.g. the problem of information inequality; the problem of information security, etc). However, the expansion and fundamentalization of the information as a category allows considering some educational problems in new way. The authors focus on the problem of stable development as it is impossible without perception and admitting of specific role of information in evolution that takes place in biology and human society. The authors point out that socio-philosophical study of the peculiarities and role of information in the educational system requires consideration of the following aspects. First, it is the role of a teacher that gradually shifts from a lecturer to a supervisor. This role is very significant even more than lecturer’s role. Second, the stages of scientific progress forward a teacher to further training and application of new professional knowledge, new technologies, computer skills and information culture etc. The system of state education is considered to be the most important element of national security and all that happens in this field is of great importance. One of the key questions is the question about government. This is its task to make conditions and train the specialists who are in demand and to raise the general cultural and intellectual level of society. The role of the government is to give the right to a citizen for higher education by means of competition.
K. G. Kyazimov
Academy of Labour and Social Relations, Moscow, Russian Federation
Keywords: качество рабочей силы, профессиональные компетенции, компетентность, этапы достижения профессиональной компетентности, labour force performance, professional competences, competence, stages to achieve professional competence
The article deals with reproduction of qualified labour power, methods, conditions and the model of forming professional competence of young specialists who are graduates of institutions. The main items of the article include requirements to the performance of training professional workforce in terms of globalization and structural changes in economics; problems, that hinder reproduction and employment professionally competent workers and specialists; it reveals that nowadays the term “competence” is a crucial criterion of professional education and integral workforce performance index and plays the significant role in evaluating specialists’ qualification level according to the UNESCO requirements on transition to the concept of human competence and the national performance evaluation system’ statute; standards endorsed by the Government of the Russian Federation and federal authorities on issues dealing with improvement of qualified staff training and implementation of the competency-based approach; the main ways of competency-based approach implementation to the professional training of higher institutions and secondary schools graduates; the paper analyzes the basic workforce performance criteria; transition to the new paradigm: from the traditional “knowledge” approach to the competency-based one in determining objectives of professional education, selection of education contents, organization of education process and evaluation of its results from the position of professional education institutions’ graduates’ availability in efficient labour through the constantly changing conditions; presented the main terms of achieving professional competence by the all level professional education institutions’ graduates; showed the necessity to create innovative education environment in professional education institutions and regions of the country; given the stages to achieve professional competence of professional education institutions’ graduates. The methods and approaches used in this research: competence-based, personally-centered, activity-based approaches, humanization of education, formation of knowledge, skills and habits, professional and cultural competencies for the graduates, employment by profession, efficient employment and step-by-step achievement of professional competence. The novelty of this research is explained by the developed model of forming professional competence for professional education institutions’ graduates. This model includes two stages and offers a complex system, with its stages and components closely interconnected, as function of each stages present the condition of efficient functioning of the whole system’s other components and stages. At the first stage - professional education in professional education institutions should be considered as the initial stage of forming basics of graduates’ future professional competence, mastering knowledge, skills, habits, professional and cultural competencies, humanitarian development, value aims and professional motivation. The nature of worker’s competence being the product of professional education in professional education institutions, does not originate from it, but is the consequence of the further self-development and experience in labour activities of young specialists. Therefore, at the second stage (efficient employment) successful labour, adaptation in firms, work experience by profession are particularly needed for achieving professional competence by the graduates.
S. I. Chernykh1, V. I. Parshikov2 1Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation 2Institute of Further Training at Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: цифровая культура, гуманистическая педагогика, личность, компьютеризация, Интернет, digital culture, humanistic pedagogy, personality, computerization, Internet
In 2008, Koïchiro Matsuura, former UNESCO Director General then stated that the content of the ongoing revolution in education is the following: "We must make the revolution of Copernicus: no longer revolve around the knowledge society, and society revolves around knowledge." The objective of this article is to discuss one of the "fields", created this wonderful thesis. The computerization and the Internet, have given birth to a new ontology of educational cooperation, and establish a new educational order. It changes not only the algorithm of "acquisition" of knowledge, but also the semantic content of knowledge itself as a value, that is, changing the very culture of the acquisition and use of knowledge. Digital culture is the opposition of humanistic pedagogy, determining new values and meanings of the individual being. This is primarily done as a result of changing the educational environment and becomes the basis for the change in the nature of humanity. How does this happen? Where it leads? The authors attempt to answer these questions, using the methodology of "open education" D. Price. Discussion on problems led us to three very specific statements (as outputs). First, the exchange of knowledge, freedom, openness and trust - this value (by D. Pryce), who meet and digital culture and humanistic pedagogy as the two opposition in the process of modern socialization. Second: the universalism of these values can be considered as a humanitarian digital culture phenomenon, and "number" and "character" as an integral humanistic side. Hence, third, whether the person is autonomous as a "human form of self-determination" (SA Smirnov) digital integrator and humanistic culture conditions or integration vnepolozheny to it?
K. N. Kostiuk
Publisher Direct-Media, Moscow, Russian Federation
Keywords: экспертное сообщество, профессиональное сообщество, качество образования, институты развития, цифровая революция, информационные ресурсы, электронно-библиотечные системы, информационное обеспечение науки и экономики, expert community, professional community, quality of education, institutes of development, digital revolution, information resources, digital library systems, information support of science and economy
The article attempts to specify the notion of expert and professional community as a social and information medium of effective professional activity in the modern information society. The author highlights specific difference between expert communities and professional groups and classes in their general meaning, features of their social identification, conditions of their reproduction and institutionalization. It is of no question that the main condition of functioning of expert communities is creating a high quality information medium and efficient knowledge exchange within a particular profession. This task is solved by developing professional information content systems that bear all the functions of organizing and adaptation of all professional data in the digital medium. The close interconnection between a profession and its information support puts forward a question about the methods of expert communities’ improvement as one of the ways of Russian society modernization.
K. N. Kostyuk
Publisher Direct-Media, Moscow, Russian Federation
Keywords: экспертное сообщество, профессиональное сообщество, качество образования, институты развития, цифровая революция, информационные ресурсы, электронно-библиотечные системы, информационное обеспечение науки и экономики, expert community, professional community, quality of education, institutes of development, digital revolution, information resources, digital library systems, information support of science and economy
The author attempts to ground the notion of expert and professional community that is rendered as a social and information medium of efficient professional activity in the modern information society. The paper highlights the peculiarities of essential difference between expert communities and professional groups and classes as they are traditionally reviewed; features of their social identification and conditions of their reproduction and institutionalization. The author sees the main condition of appearance and functioning of expert communities in creating a high quality information medium and efficient knowledge exchange within a particular profession. This task is solved by means of developing professional information content systems that bear all the functions of organizing and adaptation of all professional data in the digital medium. The close interconnection between a profession and its information support raises a question about the methods of expert communities’ improvement as one of the ways of Russian society modernization.
This article deals with public-private partnerships in education. The author highlights the features of public-private partnership development in the field of education in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The paper describes experiences of some countries that deal with public private partnership considered as the projects in education. The author forecasts possible risks and opportunities of public-private partnership in education.
V. E. Zubov
Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: реформа образования, электронное обучение, дистанционные технологии обучения, высшее образование, education reform, e- Learning, distance learning technology, higher education
The article considers the changes occurred in the field of distance learning after endorsement of the new law on education and related regulations. The author analyzes the reasons, which prevent widespread development of e-learning and distance learning technologies. The paper puts forward the idea that many higher institutions are not interested in e-learning and distance learning development. The author makes conclusion that higher institutions are not sufficiently motivated to develop e-learning whereas external motivation doesn’t fulfil the requirements and interests of institutions.
The authors see the development of professional competencies of applied bachelor possible by means of further training and professional training on educational basis of volunteer organization; this is considered to be a promising direction in the training of engineers. The paper is aimed at making the grounds and application of educational basis of volunteer organizations for efficient Bachelor training on various courses as well as motivating the teachers for conducting seminars and applying the elements of educational basis. Many years’ experience of volunteer activity and chiefs of student clubs define the stages of educational base formation, pedagogical conditions of the base development, creation and implementation the program intended to create the facility for training process in the profession-oriented volunteer organizations. Guidance and experience of the Student Volunteer Club, organized by educational institution, allowed to define the stages of educational basis foundation, pedagogical conditions of its development, creation and constant updating during training. The research outlines the opportunities of professional competencies building while training Bachelors on the programme «Techno-sphere Safety" by means of further training on the basis of educational base of the volunteer organization. This base includes professional tests and guidance on supporting the educational base of volunteers -rescuers. The outlines insufficient number of classroom studies in Undegraduate that results in the fact that current educational base of university volunteer organizations enhances training and contributes to application of professional theoretical knowledge on the objects of educational base of volunteer organization.
Stefan Konstanczak
University of Zielona Gora, Zielona Gora, Poland
Keywords: персонал службы скорой помощи, медицинская этика, образование, критическая ситуация в медицине, принятие этических решений, emergency service personnel, medical ethics, education, critical situation in medicine, adoption of ethical decisions
In this article the author makes an attempt to explore the most important ethical and moral issue facing the ambulance service specialists. Each person may require assistance, it is a universal service and assistance is provided as quickly as possible. All this requires that emergency service personnel have the necessary moral and ethical qualities, which at the same time are an essential component of the psychological burden.
M. V. Vatagina
St.Petersburg State Agrarian University, St.Petersburg, Russian Federation
Keywords: корпоративное образование, человеческий капитал предприятия, рынки труда и образовательных услуг, образовательные и профессиональные стандарты, единое учебно-научно-производственное пространство, corporate education, human capital assets, enterprise, labor markets and educational services, educational and professional standards, unified education, research and industrial space
Modern labor markets and educational services have moved to the stage of development which is characterized by significant mismatch between supply and demand. This disbalance is exacerbated by the fact that there are significant discrepancies between the educational and professional standards. In these circumstances, it clears the importance of intensifying marketing all market operators, including the educational institution (institutions of further training) that apply competitive strategies. The necessity to find new forms of cooperation between educational institutions with enterprises of the real economic sector (agribusiness companies and fuel and energy companies) is evident. Due to new industrial facilities these enterprises face the serious problem with personnel. Implementation of effective strategies in education and industry is possible by means of corporate education provided by further training institutions. This education combines the resources of the educational institution and the employer, it enhances harmonization of educational and professional standards when training specialists according to the programmes adapted to concerete requirements of business and employers. The issue on formation and development of human capital assets can be solved by means of the cluster approach to a common educational, scientific and production space only.
V. A. Koshel1, A. P. Segal2 1Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation 2Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Keywords: коммуникации, коммуникативные технологии, «клиповое мышление», обыденное сознание, поколение «Y», целеполагание, субъектность, communication, communication technologies, “clipped thinking”, ordinary consciousness, generation Y, goal setting, subjectivity
The paper states that personal worldview, personal thinking mechanisms, specific ways of cognition and personal communications are changed due to the modern era of total informatization. The dynamics of these processes was impossible in the previous history, but today it leads to great contradictions that contribute to both progress and degradation of humanity. The purpose of this article is to identify the socio-historical causality and direction of these trends from the point of view of opportunities and risks of human formation as a subject of modern social processes, in particular, and of the historical process as a whole. The article focuses on the problem of understanding the emerging opportunities for the development of a new subjectivity.
R. A. Gushcha
Novosibirsk Military Institute of Internal Troops named after Colonel Iakovlev of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Keywords: соматическое воспитание, система, здоровье, мотивация, телесность, обучение, профессионально-прикладная физическая подготовка, саморазвитие, somatic education, system, health, motivation, corporality, training, professional and application-oriented physical training, self-development
The article explores the system of somatic training of professional and applied physical qualities of cadets of military higher education institution. The author’s opinion is the system includes the purpose, functions, components and diagnostic tools. The system is aimed at development of professional and applied physical skills by means of cadets’ somatic training. The paper highlights internal and external factors influencing development of professional and applied physical qualities of cadets of military higher education institution. Functioning of each component of system of somatic education is registered in educational and educational process of Military Institute of Internal Troops named after Colonel I.K. Iakovlev of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
The article is devoted to the study of questions about the legal minds on abortion doctors referred to in Article 52 of the Criminal Code of Poland. The research results indicate that this problem is not adequately studied and is a serious ethical problem of our time.
A. N. MIRSKOVA, S. N. ADAMOVICH, R. G. MIRSKOV
Favorsky Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia
Keywords: протатраны, 2-гидроксиэтиламины, арилхалькогенилуксусные кислоты, биостимуляторы, protatranes, 2-hydroxyethyl amines, arylchalcogenylacetic acids, biostimulators
A series of water soluble, nontoxic, available in the production of salts and ion liquids that are protatranes and their analogs of the formula ArХCH2COO- .НN+R1R2CH2CH2OH, where Ar = aryl, indolyl; X = O, S, SO2, Se; R1, R2 = H, Me, CH2CH2OH, etc. were synthesized by the reaction of biogenic hydroxyethyl amines with biologically active arylchalcogenylacetic acids. Earlier, their high and diverse pharmacological activities (immunotropic, antitumor, antimetastatic, antithrombotic, adaptogenic, etc .) were detected. Additionally, protatranes in low (nano) concentrations (to 1 ∙ 10-10 mass %) turned out to be powerful biostimulators of various biological processes. This review discusses the study results of the stimulatory action of protatranes on animals, plants, fungi, bacteria, cells, enzymes. It was shown that the application of protatranes in agriculture enhanced the productivity of plant cultivation, sericulture, aviculture, animal husbandry, fish breeding, as well as the production of fertilizers from wastes (lignin). The use of protatranes in biotechnology contributes to an increase in the rate and the selectivity of processes, as well to the production yield, is important for creating new economic methods of the preparation of malt, bakery yeast, fodder and dietary protein, citric acid, bioethanol, lactic Bifidumbacterin, ginseng biomass, stem cells, etc . Stimulators were found for microbiology, and nutrient media for the growth of staphylococcal and other bacteria that allow repeatedly speeding up the analysis and diagnostics of socially significant diseases and, consequently, timely prescribing adequate treatment were elaborated.
A. G. BELOBABA1, A. I. MASLIY1, A. A. GUSEV1, V. A. BURMISTROV2, E. L. ZAVYALOV3 1Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia 2Vektor-Vita Ltd, Koltsovo, Novosibirsk Region, Russia 3Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: синтетические волокна, катионообменные волокна, малорастворимые соединения меди и цинка, покрытия, антимикробные свойства, synthetic fibres, cation exchange fibres, slightly soluble copper and zinc compounds, coatings, antimicrobial properties
The application possibility of the earlier elaborated preparation method of bactericidal Ag-containing coatings on synthetic fibres for the synthesis of more accessible and inexpensive bactericidal coatings based on Cu and Zn was investigated. It was identified that the transition to more active metals liable to the formation of oxides significantly hampers the synthesis of the desired compounds on the metallised surface of fibres and led to the localization of the precipitate growth and a dramatic decline in its mass. Another synthesis method of slightly soluble compounds of these metals that is based on the use of ion-exchange fibres and allows increasing the mass of the synthesizable coatings and improves the uniformity of their distribution over the surface was proposed. Coatings with slightly soluble Cu and Zn compounds (copper carbonate and a mixture of copper oxide and hydroxide, oxide and a mixture of zinc hydroxide and oxide) using FIBAN K-1 cation exchange fibres (Byelorussia) were synthesized. A comparative analysis of the antimicrobial activity of these materials on two bacterial test cultures was carried out: Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . It was demonstrated that the resulting coatings exhibited various bactericidal and bacteriostatic activities depending on the type of the material and the coating, their sample weight, type of the test strain and its contact duration with the material. In all cases, materials based on ion exchange fibres demonstrate higher antimicrobial properties. Materials with Cu- and Zn-containing coatings can be promising for the application as bactericidal filters in air and water purification systems.
N. N. GERASIMOVA, A. S. KLASSEN, R. S. MIN, T. A. SAGACHENKO
Institute of Petroleum Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: тяжелая нефть, смолы, азотсодержащие основания, содержание, состав, heavy oil, resins, nitrogen containing bases, content, composition
The distribution and the composition of nitrogen-containing bases in heavy oil of the Usinsk deposit and its resinous components were studied. It was determined that resins of the Usinsk oil accumulated more than half of basic nitrogen contained in it. Nitrogen containing bases of oil and its resinous components are presented by high and low molecular compounds. Bases with various molecular masses were isolated using precipitation methods with hydrogen chloride and sulphuric acid extraction. The resulting concentrates were studied by structural group analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry methods. It was demonstrated that middle molecules of nitrogen bases of oil and resins were composed of polycyclic nuclei including aromatic and saturated cycles with various alkyl framing. Naphthenic rings make the main contribution to the cyclicity of their middle molecules. Middle molecules of resins bases are notable by a more pronounced naphthenic nature and developed alkyl substitution. Quinoline, benzo-, and dibenzoquinoline alkyl derivatives are present in the composition of low molecular weight nitrogen bases of oil and resins, in the composition of high molecular mass - benzo- and dibenzoquinoline and azapyrene alkyl derivatives. The compounds identified are mainly presented by alkylbenzoquinolines, the qualitative composition of which practically does not depend on the nature and the molecular mass of the sample under study.
N. A. GRIGORIEVA, I. Yu. FLEYTLIKH
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
Keywords: сернокислые растворы, цветные металлы, экстракция, гидразиды монокарбоновых кислот, протонодонорные добавки, sulphuric acid solutions, non-ferrous metals, extraction, monocarboxylic acid hydrazides, proton-donor additives
Extraction of nickel, cobalt, zinc and iron (III) with Versatic 10 acid hydrazides in a mixture with proton donor additives (HR) - 2-ethylhexanol, Cyanex 272, Versatic 10, was investigated. It was demonstrated that all mixtures of Versatic 10 acid hydrazides with HR could be used for effective purification of cobalt solutions from nickel. By the efficiency impact on the separation selectivity Ni and Co they form the following row: Versatic 10 > Cyanex 272 > 2-ethylhexanol. Mixtures of Versatic 10 acid hydrazides that are characterized by the maximum separation factors of nickel and cobalt: βNi/Co = 890-2240 are of the greatest interest. Additionally, extraction systems based on Versatic 10 acid hydrazides can be used for isolating nickel from iron-containing solutions, as well as when purifying zinc sulphate solutions from nickel. In a mixture of Versatic 10 acid hydrazides and 2-ethylhexanol, the following extraction order is observed: Ni > Fe(III) > Co > Zn. The following separation factors of metals were obtained at pH 1.5: βNi/Co ≈ 400, βNi/Fe = 50, βNi/Zn = 630, βCo/Zn ≈ 1.6, i. e. nickel can be extracted from solutions containing these impurities. Extracting zinc and cobalt from iron-containing solutions is impossible, as and cobalt from zinc solutions due to extremely low separation factors of this pair of metals. The data on hydrazides based on tert -monocarboxylic acids obtained for the first time can be optimized, since extraction characteristics will depend heavily on various factors including the concentration of components in the organic phase, their ratio, the type of proton donors (alkylphenols, monocarboxylic acids, etc .), composition of the water phase etc . The work results are of practical interest for the hydrometallurgy of nickel, cobalt and zinc.
The composition of polyoses isolated from the products of the mechanochemical treatment of plant raw materials was studied by physicochemical methods. It was demonstrated that mechanochemical action exerted on the components of the cell wall of plants led to hydrolytic decomposition of glycoside bonds of polyoses. A decrease of the polymerization degree of polyoses and the removal of the reaction products as water soluble substances is observed. Complete hydrolysis of polyoses at cavitation does not occur; polyose accumulation with the minimum polymerisation degree of 70-80 units is registered. The intensity of hydrolytic destruction at cavitation is conditioned by the strength of the base used in the process of mechanochemical action. Alongside with hydrolysis, oxidation of primary and secondary hydroxyls in structural units of polyose molecules takes place, resulting in the formation of carboxyl and carbonyl groups, respectively. It was suggested that at the stage of tribochemical impacts, the primary hydroxyl glucoside ring is primarily oxidized, leads to the transformation of individual sections of the cellulose chain to structure resembling irregular polymer of the glucuronic acid. Subsequent cavitation in aqueous alkaline solutions leads to decarboxylation, resulting in the transformation of the glucuronic fragment of oxidized cellulose is transformed into the D -xylose. Herewith, the entire molecule of oxidized cellulose turns into an irregular polymer consisting of the glucuronic acid and xylose. The intensity of oxidative destruction at cavitation is also conditioned by the strength of the base used in the mechanochemical action process. It was demonstrated that all polyoses obtained as a result of the mechanochemical action in aqueous ammonia solutions contain organically bound nitrogen. The use of stronger bases at cavitation contributes to its partial removal from the polymer structure. It can be assumed that nitrogen is present in polyoses as amine and amide groups.
N. V. ZHURAVLEVA1, R. R. POTOKINA1, Z. R. ISMAGILOV2, N. V. NAGAYTSEVA3 1West Siberian Test Centre OJSC, Novokuznetsk, Russia 2Institute of Coal Chemistry and Chemical Materials, Federal Research Centre Coal and Coal Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kemerovo, Russia 3Novokuznetsk Institute, Novokuznetsk, Russia
Keywords: породы углеобогащения, токсичные элементы, валовые, подвижные формы элементов, отходы, coal preparation rocks, toxic elements, gross, mobile forms of elements, wastes
Volumes of accumulated coal preparation wastes and trends to their increase in the coming decades represent a serious problem for a number of Russian regions. At the same time, they can find application as technogenic raw materials and secondary energy resources. With the objective of determining the possibility of their safe use in processing and disposal technologies, the distribution of toxic elements and toxic compounds in coal preparation rocks of the Kuznetsk coal basin. According to the results of the analysis of 17 samples of coal preparation wastes, major statistical characteristics for data sets including the content of toxic elements in gross and mobile forms in the samples studied. It was determined that the concentrations of the gross forms of toxic elements (cadmium, vanadium, copper, and nickel) did not exceed the maximum allowable indicators for major soil types of the Kemerovo Region. For coal preparation wastes, the maximum average total sulphur content (1397 mg/kg), manganese (943 mg/kg) and zinc (115 mg/kg) are typical. Maximum exceeding MPC of mobile forms of elements was observed for copper (84.6 %), lead (69.2 %), nickel (53.8 %) and manganese (46.2 %). The confidence intervals of the concentrations of copper and manganese that are contained in coal preparation wastes in the movable form and obey the normal distribution were determined. By the multiplicity excess of indicators for mobile forms of toxic elements contained in coal preparation wastes, the following row can be proposed: F > Pb > Zn > Cu > Ni > Mn.
A. A. Udovenko1, R. L. Davidovich1, V. B. Logvinova1, V. V. Tkachev2 1Institute of Chemistry, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia 2Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
Keywords: ниобий(V), тантал(V), фтор, тетраметиламмоний, кристаллическая структура, niobium(V), tantalum(V), fluorine, tetramethylammonium, crystal structure
Crystal structures of newly synthesized tetramethylammonium hexafluoridoniobate(V) and hexafluoridotantalate(V) (CH3)4N[МF6] (M=Nb, Ta) have been determined; they crystallize in the tetragonal crystal system, sp. gr. P 4/ nmm . Crystal structures of isostructural compounds (CH3)4N[МF6] (M=Nb, Ta) are formed by virtually regular tetrahedral tetramethylammonium cations (CH3)4N+ (NMe4, TMA) and octahedral complex anions [МF6]- (M=Nb, Ta), fluorine atoms of the equatorial plane are statistically disordered over two positions. Ionic interactions and weak hydrogen bonds C-H⋯F join the cations and the complex anions in a 3D assembly.
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:87:"S. N. Vorob’eva1,2, I. A. Baidina1, I. V. Korol’kov1,2";} 1Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia 2Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk,Russia
Keywords: синтез, родий, триаммины, димерные комплексы, координационные соединения, кристаллическая структура, synthesis, rhodium, triammines, dimeric complexes, coordination compounds, crystal structure
A complex compound [(NH3)6Rh2(m-CO3)(m-OH)2](NO3)2×H2O has been obtained and structurally characterized. Crystal data: a = 7.9103(16) Å, b = 9.606(2) Å, c = 11.283(2) Å, a = 103.206(4)°, b = 110.045(4)°, γ = 93.890(5)°, space group P -1, Z = 2, d x = 2.335 g/cm3. The crystal structure is a packing of dimeric complex rhodium cations [Rh2(m-OH)2(m-CO3)(NH3)6]2+, nitrate anions, and crystallization water molecules joined by a system of hydrogen bonds. The compound has been investigated with IR spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction. The isolated crystalline phase is poorly soluble in water.
Neerupama, G. Kour, R. Sachar, R. Kant
University of Jammu, Jammu Tawi, India
Keywords: synthesis, dithiocarbonates, crystal structure, direct methods, interactions, octahedral
A series of six-coordinated Ni(II) complexes, with the general formula Ni(Xan)L2 (where Xan = isoamyldithiocarbonato and L = 2-bromopyridine, 3-bromopyridine, 4-acetylpyridine, 3-hydroxypyridine and 2-methoxypyridine) are synthesized and characterized by the elemental analysis and various physicochemical techniques such as magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements, UV-visible and infrared spectral data. Based on the electronic spectra and magnetic susceptibility measurements, an octahedral geometry is proposed for all the complexes. IR spectral data show that in all these complexes substituted pyridines coordinate to the metal ion through nitrogen atoms occupying the fifth and sixth axial positions, whereas O-alkyldithiocarbonate acts as a monoanion bidentate ligand and occupies the planar positions of octahedral structures. The structure of the adduct with 3-bromopyridine is elucidated by the single crystal X-ray diffraction method. The complex crystallizes in the triclinic space group P -1 with unit cell parameters a = 6.5855(4) Å, b = 9.4984(6) Å, c = 12.4518(8) Å, a = 87.944(5)°, b = 78.843(5)°, g = 77.794(5)°. The crystal structure of the molecule is stabilized by intermolecular C-H…S and C-H…p interactions.
D. Yu. Naumov1, S. P. Khranenko1, N. V. Kuratieva1,2, A. V. Panchenko1,2, S. A. Gromilov2 1Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia 2Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk,Russia
Keywords: палладий, рентгеноструктурный анализ, кристаллохимия, неупорядоченная структура, palladium, X-ray diffraction analysis, crystal chemistry, disordered structure
Single crystal X-ray diffraction was applied for re-determination of the crystal structure of a- trans -[Pd(NH3)2Cl2]. It has been demonstrated that, in contrast to the literature data, the structure is disordered. This model does not require excess over-stoichiometric palladium. Two crystals obtained in the same experiment illustrate possible variations in the packing of the molecules of the complex.
A. I. Gubanov1,2, A. M. Danilenko1, A. I. Smolentsev1,2, N. V. Kuratieva1,2, A. B. Venediktov1, S. V. Korenev1,2 1Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia 2Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: синтез, координационные соединения, двойные комплексные соли, кристаллическая структура, палладий, иридий, фторокомплексы, synthesis, coordination compounds, double complex salts, crystal structure, palladium, iridium, fluoride complexes
Double complex salts (DCS) a-[Pd(NH3)4][IrF6]×H2O ( P 21/ m , a = 6.3181(3) Å, b = 10.8718(5) Å, с = 7.4526(4) Å, b = 103.568(2)°), b-[Pd(NH3)4][IrF6]×H2O ( P 21/ с , a = 8.5773(3) Å, b = 10.8791(4) Å, с = 12.6741(3) Å, b = 122.497(2)°), [Pd(NH3)4]3[IrF6]2Cl2×H2O ( P- 1, a = 7.6080(2) Å, b = 7.6274(2) Å, с = 11.8070(3) Å, b = 122.497(2)°), and [Pd(NH3)4]2[IrF6]NO3 ( Fm -3 m , a = 11.21210(10) Å) have been synthesized and structurally characterized for the first time. The existence of polymorphs for the DCS has been revealed. The influence of the chemical composition of the initial reagents on the reaction course and, respectively, the products, has been demonstrated. A hypothesis on the influence of the second coordination sphere on the formation of one or the other polymorph of the DCS has been suggested. It has been shown that the series a-[Pd(NH3)4][МF6]×H2O (M = Pt, Pd) exhibits isostructurality.
Z. G. Aliev1, T. K. Goncharov1, S. M. Aldoshin1, D. V. Dashko2, A. G. Roslyakov2, N. I. Shishov3, Yu. M. Milekhin3
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:239:"1Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Russia 2FSUE “SCTB “Tekhnolog”, St. Petersburg, Russia 3FSUE “FTsDT “Soyuz”, Dzerzhinskii, Moscow region, Russia";}
Keywords: CL-20, N-диметил-N, N-динитрооксамид, 2,4,6,8,10,12-гексанитро-2,4,6,8,10,12-гексаазаизовюрцитан, N-диметил-N, N-динитрооксамид, рентгеноструктурный анализ, кристаллическая и молекулярная структура, энергетические бимолекулярные кристаллы, термостабильность, polycyclic nitroamine, N'-dimethyl-N, N'-dinitrooxamide, X-ray diffraction, crystal and molecular structure, energetic bimolecular crystals, thermal stability
A novel bimolecular crystal (BMC) of CL-20 and N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-dinitrooxamide (MNO) has been prepared. Molecular and crystal structures have been determined. Thermal stability has been studied with DSC technique.
Sh. M. Adizov1, B. Tashkhodzhaev1, R. Zh. Kunafiev2, M. M. Mirzaeva1, P. P. Upadhyay3, P. Kh. Yuldashev1 1Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan 2Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Republic Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan 3University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Keywords: индолиновые алкалоиды, копсинилам, копсинин, галоидные солевые формы, РСА, indoline alkaloids, kopsinilam, kopsinine, halogen salts, X-ray crystallography
Indoline alkaloids kopsinilam and kopsinine extracted from the plant Vinca erecta have been studied by X-ray crystallography; mono and double salts of the latter alkaloid also have been examined. Experimentally determined positions of Н atoms suggest sp 3 hybridization of the indoline nitrogen atom N1 in the bases and the salts. Tetrahedral hybridization of the atom N1 in indoline alkaloids favors the formation of their double salts, what is unlikely for indole and indolinine alkaloids. In the halogen double salts there is an intramolecular Н bond between one of the protons of the NH2 group and the oxygen of the methoxycarbonyl group, that is absent in the mono salts and pure bases.
A. V. Teplukhin
Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
Keywords: вода, Монте-Карло, метод Эвальда, параллельные вычисления, water, Monte Carlo, Ewald method, parallel computing
A review and comparative analyses of methods for restricting the range of molecular interactions within the concept of atom-atom potentials are presented. Emphasis is placed on the problem of calculating the electrostatic energy in models with periodic boundary conditions. Numerous calculations of the thermodynamic and structural characteristics of water using parallel Monte Carlo computations have shown that the use of functional forms simulating the electric potentials of “screened charges” provides very good results.
A. D. Fedorenko1, L. N. Mazalov1, A. V. Kalinkin2 1Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 2Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk
Keywords: п-нитроанилин, нитроксильный радикал, рентгеновская фотоэлектронная спектроскопия (РФЭС), сателлитная структура, TD-DFT, p-nitroanilin, nitroxide radical, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), satellite structure
Interpretation of X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) for p -nitroaniline and the nitroxide radical was carried out by the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) method using the ( Z +1) N-1 approximation. Consideration of satellite transitions in the interpretation of the XPS spectra leads to good agreement with experiment. The shape of the X-ray photoelectron spectra of the radicals mainly depends on the relaxation processes caused by the X-ray hole screening effect and leading to the formation of satellite lines. The structure of the satellites in the XPS spectra depends on the spin state of the system and intermolecular interaction.
A. V. Anikeenko1,2, G. G. Malenkov3, Yu. I. Naberukhin1,2 1Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia 2Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, Russia 3Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: жидкости, вода, жидкий аргон, молекулярная динамика, коллективные эффекты, вихревые движения, liquids, water, liquid argon, molecular dynamics, collective effects, vortex-like motions
Visualization pictures of collective motion of particles are presented, showing the existence of mesoscopic (of the order of tens of angstroms) vortex-like motions at time intervals of at least hundreds of picoseconds in molecular dynamics models of liquid argon.
S. A. Gromilov1,2, D. A. Piryazev1,2, N. B. Egorov3, D. V. Akimov3 1Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia 2Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, Russia 3National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk,Russia
Keywords: сера, изотоп, рентгеноструктурный анализ, кристаллохимия, sulfur, isotope, X-ray crystallography, crystal chemistry
α-34S has been studied with X-ray crystallography within 100-363 K. Anisotropy of the evolution of the parameters of the orthorhombic unit cell has been examined. The absolute increase in the cell volume is 154 Å3, and the relative one is 4.8%. It has been demonstrated that in the studied range the intramolecular S-S bond lengths are shortened at average by 0.006 Å on heating. At the same time, intermolecular contacts S…S shorter than the sum of van der Waals radii demonstrate average elongation of 0.097 Å.
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:171:"I. S. Fedoseev1,2, E. S. Vikulova1, I. Yu. Il’in1, A. I. Smolentsev1,2, M. R. Gallyamov1, N. B. Morozova1";} 1Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia 2Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
Keywords: серебро(I), β-дикетонаты, рентгеноструктурный анализ, термогравиметрия, silver(I), β-diketonates, X-ray crystallography, thermogravimetry
A novel complex [Ag(ptac)]∞ (1) (ptac = t BuC(O)CHC(O)CF3) has been prepared by interaction of Ag2O and Hptac, its structure being elucidated by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The complex has a chain polymeric structure originating from tetradentate-m-bridging coordination of the ptac ligands and interactions Ag-Cg between adjacent {Ag(ptac)} fragments. The coordination environment of the silver atom is a distorted square pyramid. The distances Ag-O are 2.362(10)-2.600(10) Å; Ag-Cg - 2.32(2) Å and 2.328(13) Å; Ag···Ag - 3.3497(13) Å and 3.3750(13) Å; the values of chelate angles OAgO fall within 64.6(4)-71.1(3)°. Under thermogravimetric experiment conditions compound 1 decomposes within temperature range 100-385°С with formation of silver metal.
Coordination nickel pyrophosphate [Ni(H2P2O7)(C12H8N2)2]×2.5H2O (I) is hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The title compound crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P-1, with cell parameters M = 640.07, a = 10.285(2) Å, b = 10.510(3) Å, c = 12.775(3) Å, a = 88.06(2)°, b = 77.87(2)°, g = 89.26(2)°, V = 1349.2(5) Å3, Z = 2, R 1[ I > 2s( I )] = 0.0438, wR 2[ I > 2s( I )] = 0.1244. This compound displays a new structure of ladder-like 2D layers parallel to (010) consisting of [Ni(H2P2O7)(phen)2] entities with the distorted octahedral NiN4O2 coordination geometry arising from two chelating 1,10-phenanthroline ligands and diphosphate [H2P2O7] ligand bridged through p⋯p stacking interactions between the neighboring 1,10-phen ligands with interplanar distances of 4.425 Å and 4.525 Å. In the compound, the phen ligands bind in a bidentate fashion to the metal atoms and the ladder-like structure of the compound extends into a three-dimensional supramolecular array via hydrogen bonds (O4-H17…O5) between diphosphate groups, which delimits b axis tunnels where water molecules are located.
New complex [Pt(Ph2bipy)Cl2] (1) is obtained from the reaction of H2PtCl6×6H2O and 4,4¢-diphenyl-2,2¢-bipyridine (Ph2bipy) in a mixture of methanol, chloroform, and dimethyl sulfoxide. Suitable crystals of 1 for the diffraction experiment are obtained by slow evaporation of the resulted orange solution at room temperature. This complex is characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR, UV-Vis, and luminescence spectroscopy and its structure is studied by the single crystal X-ray diffraction method. X-ray structure determination shows that in the structure of this compound, the Pt(II) atom is four-coordinated in a distorted square-planar configuration by two nitrogen atoms from a bidentate 4,4¢-diphenyl-2,2¢-bipyridine ligand and two terminal chlorine atoms.
G. V. Yalovskiy1, I. I. Seyfullina1, V. I. Pavlovsky2, S. A. Andronati2, V. Kh. Kravtsov3 1Odessa Mechnikov National University, Odessa, Ukraine 2Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Odessa, Ukraine 3Institute of Applied Physics, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
Keywords: синтез, тетрахлорид олова, 1-гидразинокарбонилметил-7-бром-5-фенил-1, 2-дигидро-3H-1, 4-бенздиазепин-2-он, гидазепам, 2-гидрокси-1-нафтальдегид, гидразоны, координационные соединения, темплатный синтез, молекулярная структура, рентгеноструктурный анализ, 4-formyl pyrazolone-5, acylhydrazone, samarium(III), triple helicate, X-ray crystallography
The newly attempted template synthesis involving 1-hydrazinocarbonylmethyl-7-bromo-5-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3 H -1,4-benzdiazepin-2-one (Hydazepam - HHy) (1), 2-hydroxy-1-naphtaldehyde (HNf) (2) and tin tetrachloride (3) in the solution of iso -propanol has afforded a tin(IV) coordination compound with 1-[(2-hydroxy-1-naphtyl)methylenhydrazino]carbonylmethyl-7-bromo-5-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3 H -1,4-benzdiazepin-2-one (H2HyNf) (4) - the product of condensation of 1 with 2. The composition of the complex [Sn(HHyNf)Cl3] (5) and its structure have been confirmed by a number of physical chemical methods. Its molecular structure has been determined by single crystal XRD. The coordination polyhedron of the tin atom is an octahedron formed by three chlorine atoms, azomethine nitrogen atom and two oxygen atoms of the carbonyl and deprotonated hydroxy group of the ligand.
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:113:"V. F. Shul’gin1, Z. Z. Bekirova1, G. G. Aleksandrov2, I. L. Eremenko2";} 1Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Crimea Republic, Russia 2Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: 4-формилпиразолон-5, ацилдигидразон, самарий(III), тройной геликат, рентгеноструктурный анализ, 4-formyl pyrazolone-5, acylhydrazone, samarium(III), triple helicate, X-ray crystallography
The structure of a samarium(III) complex with acylhydrazone of N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)iminodiacetic acid and 5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-4-formylpyrazole (Н5L) of the composition [Sm2(Н3L)3]×С2Н5ОН×10Н2О has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. It has been found that in the dinuclear complex the coordination polyhedra have the geometry of a slightly distorted tri-capped trigonal prism and are linked with three iminodimethylene bridges arranged in a triple helix.
V. V. Tkachev, G. V. Shilov, S. M. Aldoshin
Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka, Moscow region, Russia
Keywords: 8-гидроксихинолин, 1,3-трополоны, рентгеноструктурный анализ, перспективы комплексообразования, перспективно новая полидентатная система с расширенными координационными возможностями, 8-hydroxyquinoline, 1,3-tropolones, X-ray diffraction, ligation perspectives, novel promising multidentate system with extended coordination abilities
The structures of two novel 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives with 1,3-tropolonic fragment in the second position of the quinoline ring have been studied as a promising new multidentate system with extended coordination capabilities .
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:145:"A. Yu. Tsyplenkova1, O. V. Kol’tsova1, N. N. Lobanov2, M. A. Ershov1, Yu. Yu. Pyl’chikova1";} 1Chuvash State Pedagogical University, Cheboksary, Russia 2RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
Keywords: малоновая кислота, ацетамид, молекулярная структура, рентгеноструктурный анализ, malonic acid, acetamide, molecular structure, X-ray crystallography
X-ray crystallography has been applied to determine crystal and molecular structures of a co-crystal of malonic acid with acetamide. The crystal symmetry is monoclinic, P 21/ c space group, a = 5.042(1) Å, b = 14.022(5) Å, c = 10.593(3) Å, b = 100.61(7)°, V = 736.1(4) Å3, Z = 4, d calc = 1.503 g/cm3, F (000) = 344.
