I.V. Kemkin1,2, A.I. Khanchuk2, R.A. Kemkina1 1Far Eastern Federal University, ul. Sukhanova 8, Vladivostok, 690950, Russia 2Far East Geological Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. 100-letiya Vladivostoka 159, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
Keywords: Геохимия, радиоляриевые кремни, седиментационные обстановки, Сихотэ-Алинь, Geochemistry, radiolarian cherts, depositional environments, Sikhote-Alin
Subsection: PETROLOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY, AND MINERALOGY
We have studied the geochemistry of Late Triassic cherts from tectonic sedimentary complexes of different structural levels of the Samarka terrane. The results show that the contents and distribution patterns of major rock-forming oxides, trace elements, and REE in the cherts of the upper and lower structural levels are somewhat different, which is due to different facies environments of chert accumulation. In particular, the contents of Al2O3, TiO2, and K2O gradually decrease and the contents of Fe2O3 and MnO increase downsection. The contents of Zr, Rb, Hf, Th, and Cr, which were supplied into the bottom sediments with a terrigenous suspension of heavy-mineral fragments, are twice to ten-fold lower than their average contents in the upper crust. In contrast, the contents of Pb, Cu, and Ni, which got into the sediments mostly with hydrothermal metalliferous solutions, are rather high and even exceed their average contents in the middle and upper crust. That is, the contents of the first-group trace elements gradually decrease and the contents of the second-group trace elements increase from upper to lower structural level. The calculated negative Ce anomaly gradually decreases from lower (0.75) to upper (0.88) structural level. The geochemical parameters altogether indicate that the cherts accumulated in the same pelagic sedimentation environment but in its different parts. The Katen complex composing the lower structural level is the most remote from the continental margin, and the Amba-Matai complex forming the upper structural level is the most proximal. Based on the geochemical and biostratigraphic data and on the time of accretion of paleo-oceanic fragments, we have established the location of each complex within the not yet subducted oceanic plate and estimated the extension of this plate. Throughout the Jurassic, about 6000 km of the oceanic lithosphere was subducted beneath the eastern margin of the Paleo-Asian continent and partly accreted to it.
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:87:"V.D. Strakhovenko1,2, S.I. Shkol’nik3, I.V. Danilenko1";} 1V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia 2Institute of the Earth's Crust, Siberian Branch of the Rususian Academy of Sciences, ul. Lermontova 128, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia 3Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Keywords: Геохимия, минералогия, железомарганцевые конкреции, пресноводные водоемы, Сибирь, Geochemistry, mineralogy, ferromanganese nodules, freshwater reservoirs, Siberia
Subsection: PETROLOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY, AND MINERALOGY
Morphology and mineralogical and geochemical compositions of freshwater ferromanganese nodules of Ol’khon Island (Sasa Formation) and Kulunda Plain (Lake Porozhnee) were studied. The study has shown rhythmic structures of the nodules, formed by macro- and microlayers with mineralized microflora. The layers are composed of either crystalline Mn mineral phases and finely dispersed Fe phases (Lake Porozhnee) or, on the contrary, crystalline goethite and X-ray amorphous Mn phases (Ol’khon Island). Separation of Mn and Fe mineral phases in the nodules proceeded during their formation and diagenesis. The freshwater nodules show both high (Lake Porozhnee) and low (Ol’khon Island) Mn/Fe ratios. The predominance of Fe phase in the Ol’khon nodules accounts for their high contents of REE, including Ce. The Porozhnee nodules grew, most likely, more rapidly, which is reflected in their low REE contents and Ce anomaly. The examined chemical and mineral compositions, textures, and structures of the nodules testify to the low-temperature hydrothermal source of their ore substance.
N.V. Guseva1, Yu. G. Kopylova1, Ch.K. Oidup2, K.D. Arakchaa3, K.M. Rychkova2, A.A. Khvashchevskaya1, O.D. Ayunova2 1National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, pr. Lenina 30, Tomsk, 634050, Russia 2Tuva Institute of Comprehensive Exploration of Natural Resources, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Internatsional'naya 117a, Kyzyl, 667007, Russia 3Research Institute of Medical and Social Problems and Management of the Tuva Republic, ul. Lenina 48, Kyzyl, 667000, Russia
Keywords: Солоноватые воды, химический состав, континентальное засоление, окисление, система вода, порода, Тувинский прогиб, Brackish waters, chemical composition, continental salinization, oxidation, water-rock system, Tuva depression
Subsection: PETROLOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY, AND MINERALOGY
Groundwater with high salinity is widespread in different climatic and geologic environments of the world. The formation of its chemical composition, however, is still debatable. The chemical composition of groundwater has been studied in 19 springs of the Tuva depression. In this area, hydrocarbonate, sulfate, and chloride waters with different cation compositions discharge. Their TDS value varies mainly from 1 to 6 g/L, reaching 315 g/L at only one point. The chemical composition of the studied waters is reflective of the geostructural, hydrogeologic, landscape, and geochemical conditions. The main processes determining the chemical composition of the waters are their interaction with aluminosilicate minerals, dissolution of gypsum and halite, evaporation, and oxidation of sulfide minerals.
L.P. Alekseeva, S.V. Alekseev
Institute of the Earth's Crust, Siberian Branch of the Rususian Academy of Sciences, ul. Lermontova 128, Irkutsk, 664033, Russia
Keywords: Подземные льды, хлоридные подземные соленые воды и рассолы, гидрогеохимическая зональность, стабильные изотопы, гидроминеральное сырье, водопритоки, Ground ice, chloride saline groundwater and brines, hydrogeochemical zonation, stable isotopes, hydromineral resources, water inflow
Subsection: PETROLOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY, AND MINERALOGY
We present results of a comprehensive study of ground ice, saline waters, and brines in the cryoartesian basins of the northeastern Siberian Platform. The composition of major geochemical types of ground ice is considered. The specifics of the hydrogeochemical zonation of the cryoartesian basins are the regional distribution of chloride saline waters and brines. Study of stable isotopes (18О, D, 37Cl, 81Br, and 87Sr/86Sr) led us to the conclusion that the chloride brines resulted either from the leaching of halogen rocks or from the metamorphism of bittern connate water. The drainage brine reserves (hydromineral resources) of the Udachnaya kimberlite pipe in the Olenek cryoartesian basin are assessed.
Abnormal zones of the Bazhenov Formation originated in the Neocomian as a result of protobazhenite reworking by submarine slide and slump waste wedgings. But gas hydrate (GH) cementation might restrict the rock ability for plastic deformation. The conditions for GH thermodynamic stability in protobazhenites are inferred from reconstructions of paleogeographic and paleo-oceanic environments. Joint analysis of Neocomian marine paleodepths and deep water paleotemperatures provides an explanation of the Bazhenov abnormal-zone extension.
B.L. Nikitenko1,2, V.P. Devyatov3, N.K. Lebedeva1,2, V.A. Basov4, E.A. Fursenko1,2, A.A. Goryacheva1,2, E.B. Peshchevitskaya1, L.A. Glinskikh1, S.N. Khafaeva1 1A.A. Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia 2Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia 3Siberian Research Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineral Resources, Krasnyi pr. 67, Novosibirsk, 630091, Russia 4I.S. Gramberg All-Russian Research Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources of the World Ocean, Angliiskii pr. 1, St. Petersburg, 190121, Russia
Keywords: Юра, мел, стратиграфия, органическая геохимия, молекулы-биомаркеры, фораминиферы, остракоды, цисты динофлагеллят, споры и пыльца, Арктика, Новосибирские острова, Jurassic, Cretaceous, Arctic, New Siberian Islands, stratigraphy, organic geochemistry, biomarker molecules, foraminifers, ostracods, dinocysts, spores and pollen
Subsection: STRATIGRAPHY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY
The Jurassic-Cretaceous terrigenous complex of the Laptev and East Siberian seas is of considerable interest as a potential exploration target. However, the key Jurassic and Cretaceous sections of the New Siberian Islands have been poorly studied. The results of this study were used to provide a detailed micropaleontological description of these sections and substantiation of the previous lithostratigraphic subdivision. We first identified a series of Boreal standard zones in the Jurassic and Cretaceous sections, based on their foraminifers, ostracods, dinocysts, and terrestrial palynomorphs. Our results, along with the published data on ammonites, bivalves, and terrestrial palynomorphs and the results of radiometric dating, provide more precise constraints on the stratigraphic position of the identified lithostratigraphic units. The results of this study can be corroborated by seismic data to explore offshore areas of the Laptev and East Siberian seas. We also present detailed data on the geochemistry of organic matter from the Pestsovaya Formation (Hettangian-lowermost Upper Pliensbachian).
I.V. Korovnikov1,2, D.A. Tokarev1, N.V. Novozhilova1,2, A.A. Terleev1 1A.A. Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia 2Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Keywords: Стратиграфия, археоциаты, мелкораковинная фауна, томмотский ярус, Алтае-Саянская складчатая область, Stratigraphy, archaeocyatha, small shelly fossils, Tommotian Stage, ed Altai-Sayan fold area
Subsection: STRATIGRAPHY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY
The lower Ust’-Kundat Formation has been studied in detail in a section along the Kiya River (Kuznetsk Alatau, Altai-Sayan fold area). The section was deposited during the Tommotian stage and is a stratotype for the Lower Cambrian Ust’-Kundat sequence comprising several members of the Ust’-Kundat Formation. Member 2 contains newly discovered and previously known species of archaeocyathids near its top found stratigraphically lower than the oldest known archaeocyathan assemblage of the Nochoroicyathus mariinskii biozone. The found archaeocyaths cannot be dated precisely and may have either Tommotian or Atdabanian ages. Small shelly fossils from the same section cover a large stratigraphic range as well. The findings call for updating the age of the upper Ust’-Kundat sequence and the Tommotian upper boundary in the regional stratigraphy of the Altai-Sayan folded area.
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:80:"A.A. Nikonov1, V.K. Gusiakov2,3, L.D. Fleifel’1";} 1Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. B. Gruzinskaya 10, Moscow, 123810, Russia 2Institute of Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Geophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent'eva 6, 630090, Russia 3Institute of Computational Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Lavrent'eva 6, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Keywords: Природные катастрофы, очаги землетрясений, сейсмотектоника, цунами, исторические каталоги, цунамиопасность, цунамирайонирование, внутренние бассейны, Черное море, Азовское море, Natural disasters, earthquake sources, seismotectonics, tsunami, historical catalogues, tsunami hazard, tsunami zoning, inland basins, Black Sea, Sea of Azov
Subsection: GEOPHYSICS
We present the results of work on the compilation of a fuller and more comprehensive historical catalogue of earthquakes and tsunamis in the basin of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, an area of primary importance for the Russian Federation. In the 20th century, there were no significant tsunamis in the Black Sea; therefore, its coast was not considered tsunami-prone. A systematic search for new data sources, a revision of earlier ones, and the use of new approaches to the identification of tsunamigenic events resulted in a more than doubling of the number of known tsunamigenic events in this basin, bringing it up to 50. The total length of the new tsunami catalogue reached 3000 years, which makes it the second longest after the Mediterranean tsunami catalogue (about 4000 years). Taking into account the seismotectonic features of the Black Sea region, we processed data on historical tsunamis and analyzed the geographical and temporal distributions of their sources. For all tsunamigenic events we performed a parameterization of available information about their sources and coastal manifestations, evaluated the tsunami intensity based on the Soloviev-Imamura scale, and proposed a classification of tsunami and tsunami-like water wave disturbances based on their genesis. Tsunami run-up heights, inland penetration, and damage were estimated with regard for the newly found data. Among the identified historical events, there are devastating tsunamis with run-ups of 4-5 m, sometimes up to 6-8 m, which resulted in disastrous consequences for several ancient cities (Dioscuria, Sebastopolis, Bizone, and Panticapaeum) and many coastal settlements. Expert assessments of the most tsunami-prone areas of the coasts are given.
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:218:"A.A. Cheremisin1,2, Yu.V. Vasil’ev2, V.V. Olenchenko3,4, M.I. Epov3,4, R.E. Toib5, I.S. Shnipov5, S.V. Shirokov5, V.B. Boltintsev6";} 1Siberian Federal University, pr. Svobodnyi 79/10, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia 2Krasnoyarsk Institute of Railway Transport, Irkutsk State University of Railways, ul. Lado Ketskhoveli 89, Krasnoyarsk, 660028, Russia 3A.A. Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. Akademika Koptyuga 3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia 4Novosibirsk State University, ul. Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia 5GeoTekhMonitoring, ul. Baumana 3, Krasnoyarsk, 660028, Russia 6Geodizond, pr. Gagarina 14, St. Petersburg, 196211, Russia
Keywords: Сверхширокополосная георадиолокация, электротомография, Ultrawideband GPR, electrical resistivity tomography
Subsection: GEOPHYSICS
We assess the potentialities of ultrawideband (UWB) electromagnetic pulse sounding of low-resistivity geoenvironments using the ground-penetrating radar (GPR) system developed by us and compare the obtained results with 2D electrical resistivity tomography and standard GPR data. The research was performed in an area of Quaternary clay deposits with a resistivity of 20-50 Ohm·m. For an OKO-2 GPR antenna with a center frequency of 150 MHz, the sounding depth is 2-4 m, whereas UWB sounding provides penetration of the GPR pulse to a depth of 30-40 m. Deep UWB sounding of low-resistivity environments is possible under the following conditions: use of generators based on drift step recovery diodes (DSRDs), high matching of the UWB receiving and transmitting antennas to the environment, and an increase in the noise immunity of the recording system, in particular, due to a decrease in the intensity of air waves.
A.V. Klimkin1, V.A. Pogodaev1, G.S. Evtushenko1,2 1V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 1, Academician Zuev square, Tomsk, 634021, Russia 2National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
Keywords: конференция, импульсные лазеры, применения лазеров, физика лазеров, химия лазеров, газовые лазеры, лазеры на парах металлов, фемтосекундные лазерные системы, эксилампы, International Conference, pulsed lasers, laser applications, laser physics, laser chemistry, gas lasers, metal vapor lasers, femtosecond laser systems, excilamps
The XIII International Conference on pulsed lasers and their applications AMPL was held in Tomsk in September 10-15, 2017. Subjects of the Conference traditionally enclosed theoretical and experimental studies of physical and chemical processes in laser active media; the newest active media and pumping methods; new laser technologies; fundamental topics of laser physics; application of lasers in science, engineering, medicine, and other spheres; discussion of problems and difficulties in development of laser-based equipment; new optical technologies.
P.A. Bokhan1, K.S. Zhuravlev1, D.E. Zakrevsky1,2, T.V. Malin1, I.V. Osinnykh1, N.V. Fateev1,3 1Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 13, Ac. Lavrentieva ave., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090 2Novosibirsk State Technical University, 20, K. Marksa av., Novosibirsk, 630073, Russia 3National Research Novosibirsk State University, 2, Pirogov Str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Keywords: структуры, люминесценция, усиление, structures, luminescence, amplification
The spectral characteristics of the spontaneous and stimulated luminescence of strongly silicon-doped AlxGa1-xN structures with the concentration nSi > 1020 cm-3, at the optical pulse pumping by radiation with λ = 266 nm, are studied. The obtained dominant broadband radiation with a full width at half maximum ≈ 150 nm covers the whole visible spectral range. The radiation spectrum from the end of the structure is split into the narrow components determined by the formed flat waveguide mode structure. The results are indicative of the stimulated radiation character. The measured amplification coefficients values for different structures are in the range 20-70 cm-1.
P.A. Bokhan1, P.P. Gugin1, D.E. Zakrevsky1,2, M.A. Lavrukhin1 1Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 13, Ac. Lavrentieva ave., Novosibirsk, Russia, 630090 2Novosibirsk State Technical University, 20, K. Marksa av., Novosibirsk, 630073, Russia
Keywords: газовый разряд, обостритель, коммутация, наносекунды, gas discharge, sharpener, switching, nanosecond
The switching properties of a new gas-discharge sharpener that consists of “open” and “capillary” discharges serially connected in a bulk are studied. The switching times less than 1 ns have been attained in helium in a wide range of conditions, at times of discharge development delay higher than 600 ns with an initial pulse compression degree of about 103. An average power of about 10 kW has been implemented in the pulse train mode at a voltage of 20 kV and a pulse frequency of 44 kHz.
A.M. Razhev1,2, D.S. Churkin1,3, R.A. Tkachenko1,3 1Institute of Laser Physics SB RAS, Ac. Lavrentyev's prosp., 13/3, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia 2Novosibirsk State Technical University, 20, K. Marksa av., Novosibirsk, 630073, Russia 3National Research Novosibirsk State University, 2, Pirogov Str., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
Keywords: импульсный, индукционный разряд трансформаторного типа, компактный азотный лазер, высокая стабильность работы лазера, гауссова форма пучка, pulsed, inductive discharge of the transformer type, compact nitrogen laser, high operation stability, Gaussian profile of laser beam
The creation of a compact emitter for an inductive nitrogen laser (λ = 337.1 nm) with the active medium pumped by a pulsed inductive longitudinal discharge of the transformer type is reported for the first time. In the inductive laser head created, the lasing energy attains 0.35 mJ and the lasing pulse length is (25 ± 5) ns (FWHM) depending on the resonator Q-factor. The use of a semiconfocal cavity provides for a near-Gaussian beam profile.
a:2:{s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"HTML";s:4:"TEXT";s:80:"V.G. Sokovikov1, V.E. Prokop’ev2, A.V. Klimkin1";} 1V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 1, Academician Zuev square, Tomsk, 634021, Russia 2High Current Electronics Institute of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 634055, Tomsk, 2/3, Academichesky ave. HCEI SB RAS
Keywords: пары металлов, оптическая накачка, лазеры на парах металлов, электронное вынужденное комбинационное рассеяние, усиленное спонтанное излучение, metal vapors, optical pumping, metal vapor lasers, stimulated electronic Raman scattering, amplified spontaneous emission
Results on quasi-resonant optical pumping of Yb vapors by KrF* laser radiation (λp = 248 nm) are presented. The converted radiation is studied in the visible range available for visual observation. Strong lines of amplified spontaneous emission are detected. These lines are due to transitions between the even groups (6s5d 1D2, 6s6d 3D1, 2, 3) and odd levels (6s6p 1P01, 6s6p 3P0, 1, 2) of ytterbium. Coherent radiation is detected on Yb resonance lines with λ = 398.8 and 555.6 nm, which are caused, respectively, by 6s6p 1P01 ® 6s6s 1S0 and 6s6p 3P01 ® 6s6s 1S0 transitions in the Yb atom. A sequence of processes that lead to the formation of inversion at the Yb atomic transitions is qualitatively examined.
A.N. Soldatov, N.A. Yudin, Yu.P. Polunin, N.N. Yudin
National Research Tomsk State University, 36, Lenin Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
Keywords: лазеры на самоограниченных переходах, лазеры на парах металлов, импульсно-периодический газовый разряд, self-terminating lasers, metal vapor lasers, pulsed-periodic gas discharge
Electro-physical processes in the discharge circuit of a pulsed metal vapor laser are analyzed. The greatest attention is paid to the initial period of the discharge development and conditions for the inversion formation. It is shown that the limitation of the frequency-energy characteristics (FEC) of lasing is due to the process of population of the metastable levels of metal atoms on the excitation pulse front and redistribution of the rates of population of the laser levels in favor of metastable ones with an increase in the prepulse electron density. Which of the processes plays a decisive role in limiting the lasing FEC depends on the electro-physical process in the discharge circuit of the laser, the development of which is significantly influenced by the arrangement of electrodes in the gas-discharge tube (GDT). The arrangement of the electrodes in the GDT also determines the conditions for the inversion formation and the choice of the optimum pumping parameters. Technical solutions are discussed which allow the copper vapor laser pumping efficiency to attain ~ 10%.
S.N. Torgaev1,2,3, I.S. Musorov2, M.V. Trigub1,2, G.S. Evtushenko1,2 1V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 1, Academician Zuev square, Tomsk, 634021, Russia 2National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30, Lenin Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia 3National Research Tomsk State University, 36, Lenin Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
Keywords: активная среда на парах бромида меди, лазерный монитор, частота следования импульсов, радиальный профиль, сверхизлучение, copper bromide active medium, laser monitor, pulse repetition rate, radial profile, supperradiance
Results of experimental studies of two different-size high-frequency active elements of a CuBr laser operating in generator, single-pass amplification, and superradiance modes are presented. A pulse repetition rate of 195 kHz is attained for the first time in the supperradiance mode. Using the method of express estimation of the radial profile, it is shown that the gain profile does not change significantly throughout a wide pulse repetition rate range (up to 195 kHz) in the case of a small-diameter active element.
M.V. Trigub1,2, V.F. Fedorov3, D.V. Shiyanov1,2, G.S. Evtushenko1,2 1National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 1, Academician Zuev square, Tomsk, 634021, Russia 2V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 30, Lenin Avenue, Tomsk, 634050, Russia 3V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 1, Academician Zuev square, Tomsk, 634021, Russia
Keywords: лазер на парах металлов, индукционный нагрев, традиционная накачка, емкостная накачка, газоразрядная трубка, metal vapor laser, induction heater, traditional excitation, capacitive excitation, gas discharge tube
Results are presented of the development and study of metal vapors active elements using an induction heater, which is designed to create a required metal vapor concentration. The lasing was obtained at traditional (GDT with internal electrodes) and capacitive (capacitive barrier discharge) excitation of the laser medium; the average laser power was 20 mW. For the Cu-vapor active element under capacitive excitation, two generation pulses with a time delay of 50 ns were detected. Thus, within the limits of a single pump pulse, the lasing was obtained with a frequency of 20 MHz.
It is shown that the use of a power supply with a pulsed step charge of the working capacitance for a CuBr laser excitation allows lasing in the single pulse mode with repetition frequencies from 330 Hz. The effective energy input into the laser medium with operating capacitances from 6.8 to 20.4 nF occurs in 5-11 charge stages. An increase in the pulse lasing energy to 3 mJ is facilitated by increases in the working capacitance and charge voltage.
E.A. Sosnin, V.A. Panarin, V.S. Skakun, V.F. Tarasenko
High Current Electronics Institute of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 634055, Tomsk, 2/3, Academichesky ave. HCEI SB RAS
Keywords: апокампический разряд, голубые струи, напряженность электрического поля, правила подобия в разряде, переходные световые явления, apokamp discharge, blue jets, electrical field strength, similarity laws in discharge, transient light phenomena
The process of formation of blue jets in air at low pressures is simulated using the apokamp discharge. The field strength is measured in the discharge channel. Assuming the applicability of rules of similarity for gas discharge, the field intensity in a storm cloud is assessed during the formation of blue jets. The assessments are from 6 × 1010 to 1.9 × 109 V/m, which is much higher than the values characteristic of the development of cloud-to-ground lightning discharges. A hypothesis is formulated that excess magnitudes of characteristic fields is one of features of high-voltage pulsed discharge within a cloud and causes the formation of blue jets at altitudes of about 12-18 km.
V.F. Tarasenko, D.V. Beloplotov
High Current Electronics Institute of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 634055, Tomsk, 2/3, Academichesky ave. HCEI SB RAS
Keywords: формирование миниатюрной чёточной молнии, наносекундный пробой воздуха и азота, неоднородное электрическое поле, убегающие электроны, formation of a miniature bead lightning, nanosecond breakdown of air and nitrogen, inhomogeneous electric field, runaway electrons
The discharge glow dynamics in a point-plane gap during a nanosecond breakdown of air and nitrogen initiated by runaway electrons is studied with an ICCD camera. Formation of plasma clots that form a structure similar to the even lightning has been observed. It is shown that the number of bright plasma clots in the gap (individual beads) increases with an increase in the pressure. Up to four individual beads of equal size have been recorded in nitrogen at a pressure of 0.4 MPa.
M.N. Kirichenko1, L.L. Chaikov1, S.V. Krivokhizha1, N.A. Bulychev1,2, M.A. Kazaryan1, A.R. Zaritsky1 1P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, 53 Leninskij Prospekt, 119991, Moscow, Russia 2Moscow Aviation Institute, 4, Volokolamsk Highway, Moscow, 125993, Russia
Keywords: наночастицы оксида железа, акустоплазменный разряд с кавитацией, фибриноген плазмы крови, динамическое светорассеяние, образование фибринового геля, iron oxide nanoparticles, acoustoplasma discharge with cavitation, blood plasma fibrinogen, dynamic light scattering, fibrin gel formation
The interaction of iron oxide nanoparticles obtained in acoustoplasma discharge with cavitation with blood plasma fibrinogen is studied in a model solution by dynamic light scattering. Depending on the storage time of the nanoparticles, their interaction with the protein shows different dynamics of the size distribution. However, the biological action of the nanoparticles is the same action regardless of the storage time-they act as inhibitors of the fibrin gel formation reaction.
The paper shows that low-temperature plasma initiated in a liquid medium in the interelectrode discharge gap is capable of decomposing hydrogen-containing organic molecules with formation of gaseous products with the volume part of hydrogen higher than 90% (according to gas chromatography data). Tentative assessments of the energy efficiency with regard for hydrogen and feedstock combustion value and energy consumption have shown an efficiency factor of 60-70% depending on the source mixture composition. Theoretical model calculations of discharge current and voltage have been performed; the values are in a good agreement with experimental data.
A.E. Pushkareva1, I.V. Ponomarev2, M.A. Kazaryan2, S.V. Klyuchareva3 1Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, 49 Kronverksky Av., St. Petersburg, Russia, 197101 2P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Science, 53 Leninskij Prospekt, 119991, Moscow, Russia 3North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, St. Petersburg, Piskarevskij prospect, 47, 197101, St. Petersburg, Russia
Keywords: лазер на парах меди, импульсный лазер на красителе, сосудистые мальформации, лечение лазером, сосудистые новообразования, тепловой нагрев сосуда, copper vapor laser, pulse dye laser, vascular malformations, laser treatment, vascular skin lesions, vessel thermal responses
Numerical simulation of the processes of heating a vessel with various laser sources (diode, Nd:YAG, CVL, and PDL) to temperatures at which its coagulation can occur is performed. On the basis of the simulation results, the depth and diameters of vessels that can be selectively and safely coagulated are determined, and safe dosage ranges are calculated.
The optical characteristics of water in the stratified lakes of the White Sea are of particular interest in connection with the observation of thin colored layers around chemocline resulting from massive development of anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria. While the chlorophyll optical properties are widely used in remote sensing, the spectral characteristics of bacteriochlorophylls (BChl) for natural microbial communities have been little studied. Spectral study of green sulfur bacteria of four water bodies of the Kandalaksha Gulf of the White Sea was carried out in the work. Absorption and fluorescence spectra were measured for water sampled in March 2017 from various depths and compared with spectra of monocultures isolated from the same reservoirs earlier. It was shown that the fluorescence of BChl in the living cells of green sulfur bacteria has two overlapping emission bands: in the region 740-770 nm (BChl d and e) and at 815 nm (BChl a). The wavelength of maximum of the first band depends on the ratio of the concentrations of green-colored and brown-colored forms of bacteria containing different types of BChl. The new method for determination of contributions of two types of bacteria is proposed, based on the deconvolution of fluorescence spectrum into three bands which parameters were determined from the spectra of monocultures. The BChl content at various water depths was estimated and the percentage ratio of different types of phototrophic bacteria was determined.
V.M. Orlovskii, V.A. Panarin
High Current Electronics Institute of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, 634055, Tomsk, 2/3, Academichesky ave. HCEI SB RAS
Keywords: наносекундный поток электронов, спектр поглощения воды в ИК-диапазоне, проводимость воды, nanosecond electron flow, water absorption spectrum in the infrared region, water conductivity
The absorption spectra of drinking water, melt water from snow, and heavy water during irradiated by nanosecond electron flux are studied. Under repeated irradiation of water, a change in the absorption spectrum of a substance was observed. The a analysis of water absorption spectra in the IR range showed differences between the absorption spectra of irradiated and non-irradiated water.
V.L. Okulov
The Technical Unviersity of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark Kutateladze Institute of Thermophysics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia E-mail: vaok@dtu.dk
Keywords: rotor aerodynamics, vortex wake behind the rotor, wind power plant, interaction be-tween the rotor and the wake, power loss.
The aim of the review is to assess the value of model experimental studies for the development of classical rotor aerodynamics as well as to describe the most significant recent results stimulated by intense development of wind power.
In the present study, we
report on the results of an experimental study of pressure pulsations in the
flow duct of a medium-scale hydrodynamic bench with Francis turbine. In various
regimes, integral and pulsation characteristics of the turbine were measured.
With the help of high-speed filming, the structure of the flow behind the
turbine runner was analyzed, and the influence of this structure on the
intensity and frequency of pressure pulsations in the flow duct was
demonstrated.
L. I. Milyutin, E. N. Muratova, A. Ya. Larionova
V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Akademgorodok, 50/28, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russian Federation
Keywords: лесная генетика, развитие, Россия, forest genetics, development, Russia
The history of the development of forest genetics in Russia has been poorly studied, although the information obtained in this field is of great importance for research, both in general genetics and in forest science. Practically the first attempt was made to present materials on this topic. The review of publications of Russian researchers in such sections of forest genetics as population genetics (isoenzyme and DNA polymorphism analysis), karyology and cytogenetics, phenetics, genetics of quantitative features, induced mutagenesis, and genomics is presented. The applied methods are analyzed, and the main results of the studies obtained in each of these directions are summarized. In most detail, with the involvement of a large number of literature sources, studies in the field of population genetics, karyology and cytogenetics have been examined. It was noted that a limited amount of publication did not allow reflection of studies in a number of other areas of forest genetics, for example, in the development of the genetic basis for the resistance of forest woody plants to pathogens and insect pests. The review focuses on the genetics of forest-forming coniferous species that grow in Russia: Scots pine, Siberian stone pine, larch and spruce species, Siberian fir, and some other species. The importance of the conducted studies not only for the genetic analysis of the species reviewed, but also for the identification of other features of their biology is shown. An outstanding role of L. F. Pravdin and Yu. P. Altukhov in the development of Russian forest geneticists was noted. The emergence of new trends in genetics, in particular, epigenetics, poses new difficult but promising tasks for forest geneticists.
F. Kraxner1, S. Leduc1, S. Fuss1,2, D. Schepaschenko1,3, A. Shvidenko1,4 1International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Schlossplatz, 1, Laxenburg, 2361 Austria 2Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change, Torgauer Str. 12-15, Berlin, 10829 Germany 3Mytischinski Branch of N. E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Pervaya Institutskaya str., 1, Mytischi, Moscow Oblast, 141005 Russian Federation 4V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Akademgorodok, 50/28, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russian Federation
Keywords: биоэнергетика, BeWhere, G4M, Geo-Wiki, российский лесной сектор, bioenergy, Russian forest sector
This study analyzes the Russian forest biomass-based bioenergy sector. It is shown that presently - although given abundant resources - the share of heat and electricity from biomass is very minor. With the help of two IIASA models (G4M and BeWhere), future green-field bioenergy plants are identified in a geographically explicit way. Results indicate that by using 3.78 Mt (or 6.16 M m3), twice as much heat and electricity than is presently available from forest biomass could be generated. This amount corresponds to 3.3 % of the total annual wood removals or 12 % of the annually harvested firewood, or about 11 % of illegal logging. With this amount of wood, it is possible to provide an additional 444 thousand households with heat and 1.8 M households with electricity; and at the same time to replace 2.7 Mt of coal or 1.7 Mt of oil or 1.8 G m3 of natural gas, reducing emissions of greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels by 716 Mt of CO2-equivalent per year. A multitude of co-benefits can be quantified for the socio-economic sector such as green jobs linked to bioenergy. The sustainable sourcing of woody biomass for bioenergy is possible as shown with the help of an online crowdsourcing tool Geo-Wiki.org for forest certification.
L. S. Pshenichnikova
V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Russian Academy of Science, Siberian Branch, Akademgorodok, 50/28, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russian Federation
Keywords: Larix sibirica Ledeb, густота посадки, возрастная динамика, таксационные показатели, южная тайга, planting density, age dynamics, forest inventory parameters, southern taiga, Krasnoyarsk Krai
This paper analyzes a 35-year experiment of growing Siberian larch Larix sibirica Ledeb. crops, planted at 18 variants of density in the southern taiga subzone of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. We discuss the results of regular observations of the tree growth and productivity in relationship with age carried out since the larch crops were planted. The differentiation of the trees started sooner and grew more intensive and self-thinning increased with increasing initial planting density, and the number of trees per unit area decreased with age. Mean tree diameter decreased with increasing planting density, whereas the influence of the density on tree diameter shifted toward initially sparser crops. The tree height showed a weak correlation with planting density. Over the period of observation, the standing volume has increased slowly for the lowest planting densities, slowed down in dense crops and decreased in the initially densest crops. The current tree increment culminated sooner with increasing planting density. The number of trees per unit area yielding the highest standing volume decreased with age. At the ages of 25, 30, and 35, maximum standing volume (400 m3/ha) was observed for current crop densities of 10 000 trees/ha, 7000 trees/ha, and 5000-6000 trees/ha, respectively. The crops, which were initially very dense, fell behind other crops in productivity with age. Therefore, very dense tree planting is unreasonable. The density, at which we would recommend to plant larch in southern taiga is 6000-8000 seedlings per hectare.
R. T. Murzakmatov, A. S. Shishikin, A. N. Borisov
V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Akademgorodok, 50/28, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russian Federation
Keywords: естественное и искусственное лесозаращивание, угольный разрез, отвалы горных пород, постоянные пробные площади, ход роста, строение корней, продуктивность, natural and artificial afforestation, coalmine, rock dumps, permanent sample plots, growth trend, root structure, productivity
Rock dumps of coalmines have high potential for forest regeneration and environmental capacity, which are dependent on the technology of reclamation and the properties of technogenic soils and grounds. Traditional forestry methods for obtaining the main criteria of biological indicators of woody vegetation were used in the study as follows: ground seed germination, seedling planting technology, composition and increment of tree stands, root structure, care harvesting of undergrowth, biotopic classification. Natural overgrowing of dumps is dependent on the availability of seeds and conditions for their germination and subsequent growth. Most of the zonal tree and shrub species are able to colonize and grow on the coalmine dumps. Mineralization of the dumps surfaces without rich soil stratum, porosity of the upper horizon of lithostratum, and low nutrient content (nitrogen) give benefits in the growth and subsequent formation of birch, pine and sea-buckthorn stands. Afforestation is the cheapest and most effective method of biological reclamation. The analysis of artificial reforestation shows the probability of targeted plantation cultivation of various tree species. The use of a wide range of tree and shrub species make it possible to create biologically diverse intrazonal technogenic ecosystems with high recreational and economic productivity. Wildfires spreading out in spring season on herbaceous rags limit the overgrowth of the dumps by forest vegetation. Two-year cyclical increment decline of trees due to provocative spring warming takes place. The zoogenic factor, especially zoo chores distribution of berry plants, has essential value for forest forming process. By the results of forest formation analysis at rock dumps, alveolate-hilly technology of mine reclamation was developed, which allows to significantly improve dumps’ afforestation capacity, their biological posttechnogenic diversity and productivity.
S. I. Tarasov, T. A. Pristova, K. S. Bobkova
Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kommunisticheskaya str., 28, Syktyvkar, Komi Republic, 167982 Russian Federation
Keywords: средняя тайга, лиственно-хвойное насаждение, общая и надземная фитомасса, аллометрическое уравнение, middle taiga, deciduous-coniferous stand, total phytomass, aboveground phytomass, allometric equations
Long-term studies in deciduous-coniferous forest, which has arisen during secondary regenerative succession on the felled area of the middle-aged bilberry spruce forest of the middle taiga of the Komi Republic, were carried out. Real data on changing morphological parameters and phytomass of structural tree organs of the birch Betula pendula Roth., B. pubescens Ehrh., spruce Picea obovata Ledeb., aspen Populus tremula L. and common pine Pinus sylvestris L. during development phytocoenosis are presented. The estimate of biometric characteristics of the forest stand was conducted by standard methods of forest valuation, the method of model trees was applied for the determination of the stock of organic substances. Allometric equations, interlinking morphometric and productional tree metrics, which were used hereinafter for determination of total budget of phytomass of aboveground tree organs of the stand, are ascertained. The underground phytomass was estimated using a theoretical model of distribution of resource along tree factions. Analysis of phytomass dynamics was carried out. It is shown that there is an intensive accumulation of forest stand phytomass at transition of the middle-aged deciduous-coniferous stand to age of ripening and maturity. It is ascertained that accumulation of organic substance by the forest stand in this period changes from 173 to 364 t/ha. Comparative analysis revealed that at favorable site-specific conditions of growth, the efficiency of deciduous-coniferous forest stands of middle taiga can reach values which are typical for forest stands of southern regions of the forest zone.
A. V. Stolbikova, A. A. Shishparenok, A. V. Rudikovskiy, E. G. Rudikovskaya, L. V. Dudareva
Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Lermontov str., 132, Irkutsk, 664033 Russian Federation
Keywords: яблоня сибирская, Malus baccata (L.) Borkh, экотоны, карликовость, гиббереллины, ретарданты, Siberian crab apple, ecotone, brachysm, gibberellins, retardants
In the transition zone between the forest and the steppe (in the ecotone) in the territory of the Buryatia Republic, dwarf species (up to 110 cm in height) of Siberian crabapple Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. were found that differ from other (up to 250 cm in height) apple trees. To determine the causes of brachysm by physiological methods, the influence of gibberellins on growth processes were studied. After exogenous application GA3 to the shoot apex of the dwarf apple, we observed a significant increase in growth processes in the apical part of the shoots as compared to the shoots without application. The sensitivity to this hormone, which is found in the dwarf trees, allows to assume the absence of mutations in the genes of repressor proteins of the gibberellin signal and initiates the dilatation of intercalary meristems. The phytohormonal extracts of apple-tree leaves did not remove short stature in dwarf mutants of peas in any of the experiment variants, which may indicate the possible presence in the apple leaves of endogenous retardants. The previously established lower content of indolyl-3-acetic acid in dwarf, compared to tall trees, and the associated differences in IAA / ABC indices, as well as the revealed gibberellin dependence of a dwarf apple, may indicate the participation of phytohormones in the formation of dwarf status M. baccata , as an adaptation to the stressful conditions of growth, especially to insufficient moisture, in the forest-steppe ecotone of the Selenga Dauria.
M. A. Kirienko, I. A. Goncharova
V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Akademgorodok, 50/28, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russian Federation
Keywords: стимулятор роста, сеянцы, морфометрические показатели, хвойные, growth stimulants, seedlings, morphometric indicators, coniferous
The prolonged effects of growth stimulants with differences in active substance on morphometric parameters of three-year old seedlings of Scotch pine Pinus silvestris L., Siberian spruce Picea obovata Ledeb., Siberian larch Larix sibirica Ledeb., whose seeds had been treated with growth substances were studied. Analyzing a set of indicators: seed germination, seedling safety, height and diameter of trunks at root collar of 3-year-old seedlings in the forest-steppe zone of the Krasnoyarsk territory the reaction specificity of coniferous seedlings to seeds pre-plant processing are stated. It was found that height, height increment and stem diameter of Scots pine seedlings whose seeds were treated with stimulants Obereg’, Zircon, Epin-extra, Ecogel were significantly higher than seedlings under control. Seedling height and height increment of Siberian spruce seeds, which were processed by the stimulant Epin-extra were significantly more than the same under control. In addition to Epin-extra, Zircon and Heteroauxin stimulants had a positive effect on Siberian spruce seedling stem diameter. Siberian larch seeds treatment by all stimulants except Immunotsitofit, had a positive impact on the height and diameter of stem 3-year-old seedlings. The highest stem diameter was observed in seedlings whose seeds were treated with Ecogel and Heteroauxin stimulants. All stimulants had a significant positive effect (1.5-2 times higher compared to control) on the current linear increments.
A. I. Lobanov1, V. K. Savostyanov1, Ch. Dugarzhav2, Ch. Dorjsuren2, V. T. Yarmishko3, M. D. Evdokimenko4 1Scientific Research Institute of Agrarian Problems of Khakassia, P.O. Box 709, Abakan, Khakass Republic, 655019 Russian Federation 2Institute of General and Experimental Biology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Zhukova, 77, Ulaanbaatar, 210351 Mongolia 3V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov Str., 2, St. Petersburg, 197376 Russian Federation 4V. N. Sukachev Institute of Forest, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch, Akademgorodok, 50/28, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russian Federation
Keywords: Евгений Николаевич Савин, лесное хозяйство, лесовосстановление, агролесомелиорация, защитное лесоразведение, Монголия, Eugene Nikolaevich Savin, forestry, forest regeneration, agroforest amelioration, protective afforestation, Mongolia
The analysis of the achievements and scientific heritage of a prominent scientist in the field of forest science, forestry, agroforest amelioration, and protective afforestation, the veteran of the Great Patriotic War, doctor of agricultural sciences, professor, the honored worker of forestry and hunting of Mongolia - Eugene Nikolaevich Savin is given. He made a significant contribution to the development of the scientific basis for agroforestry and protective afforestation, to substantiate the main directions of forest management in different zones and groups of forest types in the Russian Federation and in Mongolia, to develop a master plan for the integrated use of forest resources in Mongolia, to determine the nature of cuttings and the age of final felling for the main forest-forming species, the development of methods of cultivation and the creation of the first industrial forest crops of the Siberian larch and Scotch pine, the creation of a handbook for the inventory of Mongolia forests (2012). In doing so, he revealed the main aspects of the nature of the forest, its functioning, provided information on the composition of tree species, types of stands, methods of restoration and care. Due attention is paid to the water protection and soil protection role of forests. The results of Eugene Nikolaevich Savin research are of current importance for silvicultural, forest crop and agroforest amelioration works. They are included in the normative documents approved at the federal level. The list of his main scientific publications is presented, which just gives an idea of the subject of research, their geography and significance.
Yuriy Vladimirovich CHIKINEV, Evgeniy Alexandrovich DROBYAZGIN, Anatoliy Yuryevich LITVINTSEV
Novosibirsk State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia
Keywords: буллезная эмфизема легких, методы лечения буллезной формы эмфиземы легких, спонтанный пневмоторакс, эндоскопические методы лечения в торакальной хирургии, bullous emphysema, methods of treatment of bullous emphysema, spontaneous pneumothorax, endoscopic treatment in thoracic surgery
The objective of research: analysis of complications after performing thoracoscopic techniques of surgery procedure in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax with bullous emphysema. Material and methods. 125 medical histories of patients with performance of thoracoscopic techniques of spontaneous pneumothorax surgery (from January 2010 to December 2017) were selected to research. Bullous presence in patients was proved by multispiral computed tomography of thoracic organs. Results and discussion. Spontaneous pneumothorax was found mostly in middle-aged male patients. In the vast majority of medical histories the bullous were determined in the upper lobes of lungs, oftener in the right lung. Complications arose in 40 patients. The main complication was the prolonged air leakage. Various techniques and combinations of surgical treatment were performed to reverse this complication. It was possible to achieve positive effect in all cases of prolonged air leakage. The air leakage was stopped within 2 days, that was confirmed by the control X-ray thoracic organs monitoring. Conclusion. The complications further classifying and prevention algorithm development are essential.
We have summarized the results of national and foreign studies dealing with the questions of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) pathogenesis, treatment and prophylaxis. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is one of the most severe ocular diseases that very often leads to the significant reduction of visual functions, disability and if untreated to irreversible blindness. Many studies have proved that the postoperative functional result depends on a number of factors including the severity of proliferative retinopathy. PVR is a term that is inseparably linked with the description of a wide spectrum of vitreoretinal pathology accompanied by the processes of pathological membrane formation on the retinal surface and in the vitreous body, leading eventually to the irreversible and inoperable changes. Currently surgical method of PVR treatment is considered the most effective. Surgical technique in PVR depends on the stage of the disease. PVR diagnosis in the early stages is problematic, and the disease is diagnosed when discovering the epi- and/or subretinal proliferative membranes been already formed. Currently there are no criteria for assessing the possibility of PVR development and progression followed surgical treatment. Despite modern advances in the study of PVR etiology and pathogenesis, the improvement of surgical techniques of treating RRD, the problem of proliferative disease prevention and treatment remains topical and requires further treatment.
Aleksandr Mikhaylovich AKIMOV, Ekaterina Ivanovna GAKOVA, Alesya Aleksandrovna AKIMOVA, Vadim Anatolyevich KUZNETSOV
Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of RAS, Tomsk, Russia
Keywords: физическая активность, ишемическая болезнь сердца, открытая популяция, гендерные различия, physical activity, coronary artery disease, open population, gender differences
Aim of the study was to determine the association between prevalence of coronary artery disease and attitude toward physical activity among persons of both sexes in open population of 25-64 years. Cardiological screening was conducted on a representative sample of the population (the response of 77.7 %). The allocation of various forms of CHD was carried out on the basis of standard epidemiological methods, identifying the physical activity by the WHO questionnaire «MONICA-psychosocial». The results of the study showed the desire of women (unlike men) regardless of the presence or absence of coronary artery disease to increase physical activity if they had no such opportunity. Men in groups with «defined» CHD and CHD according to extended criteria have become less mobile over the last 12 months.
Olga Vasil'evna VASILEVA, Vera Georgievna SELYATITSKAYA
Research Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine
Keywords: мужчины, тестостерон, андрогенный дефицит, тревога, депрессия, эректильная дисфункция, ожирение, ускоренное старение, men, alarm, depression, androgen deficiency, erectile dysfunction, obesity, accelerated aging
The aim of the investigation was to study the relationship of blood testosterone levels with the severity of anxiety signs, depression and urological pathology symptoms in men of mature age with normal weight, overweight and obesity. Material and methods: 188 men of 36.7 average age participated in the study. Anthropometric examination was carried out, the HADS questionnaire (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, 1983) was used to assess the level of anxiety and depression; the severity of urinary disorders symptoms was evaluated with the scale of IPSS (International Prostate Symptom Score). To study the sexual dysfunction the international index of erectile dysfunction (ICEF-5) was applied. AMS Men's Age Symptoms (Aging Males Symptoms) questionnaire was used to identify clinical signs of androgen deficiency. The content of testosterone and cortisol in blood serum was determined by EIA. Results and discussion: The growth of androgen deficiency along with the increase in the urinary disorders symptoms, extended anxiety, depression and enhanced signs of erectile dysfunction have been revealed in men with overweight and obesity relating to the men with normal body weight. The androgen deficiency growth influences the aging processes acceleration. In turn, the presence of urological pathology in men can plays an important role in the obesity pathogenesis through the increase in anxiety and depression.
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:204:"Vladimir Viktorovich SHPRAKH1, Lyudmila Vital’evna STAKHOVSKAYA2, Ol’ga Anatol’evna KLOCHIKHINA2, Tatyana Ivanovna SURZHA3, Oleg Alexeevich STRAKHOV4";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"html";}
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:392:"1Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education - Affiliation of Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education of Minzdrav of Russia 2Russian National Research Medical University n.a. N. I. Pirogov of Minzdrav of Russia 3Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk Regional Hospital 4Moscow University for Industry and Finance «Synergy»";s:4:"TYPE";s:4:"html";}
Keywords: инсульт, заболеваемость, смертность, Иркутская область, Сахалинская область, stroke, incidence rate, mortality rate, Irkutsk region, Sakhalinsk region
The prospecting multicenter population-based stroke research provides scientific, medical and economic interests as a priority area for the study of stroke. The aim of study - to investigate and compare the dynamics of the stroke incidence and mortality in the Irkutsk and Sakhalin regions. Material and methods. The stroke study has been carried out in the Sverdlovsk district of Irkutsk and Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk for 2009-2014 using the population-based register method, according to the protocol of the international training course MONICA (1985-1995). In the regions studied, data collection was carried out in a uniform manner by unvarying researchers team during the 6-year period. The diagnosis of stroke met the criteria of ICD 10 revision. The diagnosis was established on the basis of CT/MRI and/or autopsy in the event of a lethal outcome. All cases of acute stroke (the first 28 days from the disease onset) that occurred in the studied populations in the age group 25-74 years were recorded and analyzed. The analysis involved 2196 cases of stroke in Irkutsk and 2619 cases of stroke in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. Results. In 2009 the incidence of stroke among men was 4.43 cases per 1000 in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk and 3.97 cases in Irkutsk. During 2009 to 2014, the incidence rate among men decreased by 17 % in Irkutsk ( р > 0.05) and by 23 % in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. The incidence of stroke among women in Irkutsk dropped by 16 % ( р > 0.05), in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - by 11 % ( p > 0.05). The mortality rate from stroke among men was 1.11/1000 in Irkutsk, 1.68/1000 in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in 2009, the indicator showed a similar decrease of 47 and 53 % in 2014 ( p < 0.01). The death rate also decreased among women in Irkutsk by 58 % ( р < 0.01) and increased by 26 % ( р < 0.05 among women in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk). Since 2009 the reorganization of care for patients with stroke was carried out in the regions studied within the framework of a unified national program, the results of the study were the criterion of the effectiveness of the integrated program. Conclusion. The comparison study of stroke incidence and mortality rate in the urban population among men and women in the 25-74 age group of the Irkutsk and Sakhalin regions demonstrated the effectiveness of integrated stroke management activities in two regions located in the Eastern part of the country. The results of the study showed general dynamics features of incidence and mortality from stroke and drew attention to the regional specific features of the stroke occurrence and course.
