Home – Home – Jornals – "Philosophy of Education" 2018 number 3

The possibility of using nitrogen-containing plasma that forms in a high-frequency charge is shown, and the plasma effect on changes in the physical and chemical properties of the inner surface of the cylinder is tested. The properties are estimated in accordance with the ISO 14577 standard on a “Nanoskan-3D” device. It is revealed that the microhardness of a bottom hole pump cylinder treated in the plasma of a high-frequency charge increases by a factor of 2 to 2.5, while the elasticity modulus becomes 25 to 40% larger.

Ablation of monocrystalline silicon to atmospheric environment induced by a millisecond pulse of an Nd:YAG optical laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm is studied. Shadowgraphy is applied to study the process of monocrystalline silicon plasma expansion for the laser energy density of 955.4-2736.0 J/cm². It is shown that the outer boundary of the plasma plume diffuses outside with time. Plasma expansion occurs in both axial and radial directions, but the velocity of plasma expansion in the radial direction is smaller than in the axial direction. Two centerlines of the laser action are symmetric. The maximum expansion velocity of 162.1 m/s is reached with the laser energy density of 2376.0 J/cm², and a laser-supported combustion wave is generated in this case. In contrast to monocrystalline silicon under the action of a short-pulse laser, the millisecond laser action can make the plasma expansion velocity increase for the second time. A material splash can be observed from the expansion images in the case of a high laser energy density.

Numerical simulations are performed to systematically investigate the effect of the downstream crescent-shaped block height on the flow field and cooling performance for a configuration with a single row of an infinite number of inclined cylindrical holes at various coolant-to-mainstream blowing ratios. The numerical results show that placing a downstream block can significantly alter the downstream flow field due to generation of an additional anti-kidney vortex pair, which improves the cooling performance. Optimal block heights are determined for various blowing ratios.

Significant climate changes caused by global processes are forecasted in the territory of Russia. In this regard the actual topic is consideration of the respective risks, which may be related not only to direct negative action of this factor but also adaptation to it and inaccurate forecasts. The offered procedure for the estimation of climate risks for Russian economy shows that they are relatively small or moderate, reaching peak levels in the Central and Siberian federal districts. When using information about risks in strategic planning, it’s important to keep in mind that often they are defined not by the intensity of the expected climate changes but the state of the territorial economic systems.

The analysis of foreign approaches to the assessment of efficiency of corporate training was carried out; holistic periodization of the forms and methods of assessment was presented. The evolution and interrelation of the stages of formation of corporate universities was described as a tool for training and development of personnel of an organization, with the forms and methods of assessment of corporate training results, which began to emerge in mid-twentieth century. Full chronology of the methods of assessment of corporate training from 1948 till 2016 was built for the first time; some of the methods are mentioned in national sources. The prerequisites and reasons of the sequence of emergence of the methods were described. The classification of the stages of evolution of the forms and methods of assessment of corporate training was suggested - basic, establishment, expansion, integration. The criteria of beginning and completion of the stages, as well as the reasons of affiliation and difference were described. The classification of all methods of assessment was suggested on the principle of the type of obtained result: qualitative, quantitative, and combined. The goal of the article is determination of the perspectives for development of the assessment of corporate training on the basis of the analysis of evolution of the approaches, with regard to the trend for active use of corporate universities in big business.

The characteristic of economic agents and forms of entrepreneurial support in the region was given. Positive trends and entrepreneurial development issues were noted. The results of annual questionnaire survey of entrepreneurs of Kemerovo region for 2014-2016 were presented. Main system measures for entrepreneurial development in Kemerovo region were defined. New trends for entrepreneurial support in financial, tax, legal and state regulation areas were named. The variant of system interaction of the subjects of entrepreneurial support was offered.

The article focuses on studying the objective and subjective barriers to youth employment in modern Russia. The analysis identified the reasons preventing the youth from integrating into the labor market. Despite the fact that the greatest importance is connected to objective barriers, subjective circumstances also play an important role in job-seeking. These include: laziness, inability to live independently and to take advantage of opportunities given to them; some negative attitude of employers. In this case, the younger generation connects emerging difficulties with environmental factors to a greater extent, adults believe them to be personality limitations.

The article is devoted to definition of the place of educational migration in the general classification of the types of migration movement of the population. The work shows the evolution of approaches to the definition of the concepts of migration and educational migration, presents the existing general classifications of the types of migration movements of the population, determines the role of educational migration in each of them. The novelty of the study is to determine the place and role of educational migration in various classifications of the main types of migration movements, as well as in the allocation of groups of educational migrants and their characteristics.

The authors systematized approaches to the classification of models of organizational development as a significant tool of change management theory. The author’s view on the problem of scientific organizations development in accordance with the chosen type of model was proved. The analysis of the correspondence of M. Beer’s and N. Nohria’s models of scientific organizations development to the concepts of organizational development was made. This analysis demonstrated the prevalence of the E model - the priority of financial goals and achievement of performance. Conclusions are made about the viability of implementing other types of development models, taking into account the specifics of scientific organizations activities. The results of models identification, as well as a theoretical analysis of their applicability, are the basis for the formation of a comprehensive methodology for change management and scientific organizations development, which is currently being investigated by the author’s team.

The paper gives assessment to some Russian and foreign scholarly approaches to the category of «network structures». The author comes to the conclusion that study of network structures in regional economy can be ensured by certain approaches such as subject-object, synergetic and geo-economic ones, which take into account different aspects of the network structures and the economic development of the territory (subject of the Russian Federation). The essential characteristics of network structures within each of the above approaches are given.

The revelation of the fundamental regularities explaining financial and economic events in the information space is hindered since existent populations possess turbulence properties, generated by information reflection of the chaotic polysubjective environment. The specified property requires advancement of the approaches to solution of the methodological problem of the interrelation between empiric and deductive logical methods of scientific knowledge. The article considers the development of the research methodology of social and economic systems in the context of mutual coherence of theoretical provisions and results of research of the total populations possessing principal unsustainability property, resulting in the problematic of formation of the research learning samples, with regard to chaotic character, perturbation shifts and turbulence of the ever-changing polysubjective environment. The research objective is formation of the methodology, making it possible to verge towards the extension of the results of research of the learning theoretical samples to total populations via the introduction of such notion as cavitational trace of the turbulent populations in the information space on the basis of the total, qualitative approach. The approaches to formation of the theoretical learning samples, used in the analysis, are based on concentration of the information view of the objects, making it possible to reveal their hidden properties and obtain some research conclusion. The validity of application of the methodological approach to solution of the task of learning on the basis of the total (case) data model versus the «classical» probability data model is proved.

Sexual harassment becomes the spotlight of public attention more and more often, causing the most heated debates on the content, forms of display and other parameters. In essence, sexual harassment is one of the objects of scientific cognition which are hard to identify, its quantitative measurements raise a lot of questions. In this context the article analyzes various approaches to the definition of sexual harassment, the features are revealed, and the need for carrying out statistical studies of the scope of its expansion is proved. Methodological and applied matters of the comprehensive statistical characteristic of sexual harassment, seriously hindering the adequate assessment of such a complex and contradictory social phenomenon, are revealed.

The article discusses the possibility of determination of the factors, influencing academic performance, for the purpose of their management in the course of students learning at a higher educational institution. The factors are divided into two groups: internal, defined by the personality of a student, and external, set by the environment he is surrounded by. 27 factors are planned by theoretical analysis a priori. Sampling observation was conducted to gather statistical information about students of Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management: theoretical questions, scheme and tools of the sample design were developed; a survey was carried out. On the basis of the gathered statistical data time budget of a student is studied, average time expenditure is calculated for studies on weekdays and at the weekend depending on the gender, course, basis, direction and average grade in the last examination period. The characteristic of academic performance on the developed scale by courses is given, it is also estimated by average grade in the last examination period, and its dynamics over a period of students training is visible. The significant factors, influencing academic performance, both generally and by courses, were revealed using Pearson’s ²-criterion, and their correlation ratio is estimated on the basis of the value of Cramer’s V. The factorial analysis makes it possible select main factors using load values. The data were processed in «STATISTICA 10» software package.

The article contains a detailed analysis of methods of evaluation of financial reporting quality developed by overseas authors. The benefits and flaws of the methods in question are examined. The relevance of development of integral indicator used for estimating probability of distortion of financial results, incorporating specificities of financial reporting organization and industry specifics within Russian Federation. is substantiated.

The article analyzes the double entry as «the basic law of accounting». Recognition of double-entry as «law» is characteristic of the initial stage of formation of accounting as a scientific discipline. The presence in the structure of accounting theory law of double entry is allowed to declare accounting as science. Despite the fact that in the digraphical accounting methodology, each business transaction can be reflected by double entry, the existence of a double-entry law remains unproven. At the later stages of the development of accounting, a double entry was recognized as an element of the method, and, subsequently, a principle (postulate) of accounting. The author’s opinion is given in the article, according to which a double entry is a law that is derived from the system of axioms.

The article discusses the importance of the e-commerce market in the development of the country’s national economy. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of foreign and domestic experience in the sale of goods through the Internet. On the basis of the conducted research the author’s scheme of mutual relations between participants of Internet trade for development of an innovative component has been offered. The novelty of the presented scheme is the reflection of the sequence of relations between the state and the e-commerce business for the development of the innovative economy, this mechanism can be activated by providing an investment tax credit. With the help of this tool, the state will allow the Russian industry to increase turnover in the production of innovative goods/ services and bring the e-commerce market to a new level. A new experimental innovative method for calculating the investment tax credit repaid by annuity payments is proposed, which allows calculating the amount of the investment tax credit taking into account the accrued interest on payments. Thus, e-commerce will promote the development of an innovative economy with access to new markets, increase competitiveness, reduce financial and time resources, etc.

The agro-industrial complex is one of the most important strategic sectors of the economies of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union. Despite the functioning in the conditions of the ongoing economic crisis and volatility of the global commodity markets, there have been positive trends in the agricultural sector of the Eurasian Economic Union. The article has developed promising directions for the development of a single agrarian market. The mechanism of unified state financial support in the agrarian sector of the economy of the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union is considered, taking into account the provision of equal competition in the context of strengthening agro-industrial integration.

The goal of the study was the assessment of the current levels of field concentration and regional specialization of the number of employees of small and medium business in Russia using Krugman indices. The study used the official statistics data for 2015 concerning the number of employees of small and medium business, located in 80 regions and specialized in 13 types of economic activity. The values of the indices of field concentration and regional specialization of small and medium business were defined in the course of the study. Comparison analysis of the changes in the values of the indices over the period from 2010 till 2015 was carried out. The regularities, specific to field concentration and regional specialization of small and medium business in Russia, were set out.

Authors considered results of development of a tourist industry of the Yaroslavl region, feature of regional government in the field is use of cluster approach. An attempt of simultaneous development of all types of tourism is made. However not always the taken measures resulted in desirable results. Basic reasons of insufficient development of separate types of tourism are given in article. The directions the most perspective for increase in amount of services of this sphere are offered.

In this article problems of marketing and marketing activity of trade enterprises in the territories subject economic, social and military blockade on the example of the Donetsk region are considered. In the course of work the list of indicators allowing to give an assessment to marketing and marketing activity of trade enterprise is created and also, the system and dynamic model of assessment of efficiency of marketing and marketing activity of the trade enterprise functioning in the territory of the Donetsk People’s Republic is created. Feature of this model is the universality and an opportunity to use at various enterprises working in the sphere of trade.

Modern higher education, answering the demand of society for professional competence, seeks answers to questions about how professional education should arranged. There is a change of rules: the reproductive transmission of knowledge replaced by a new discourse of the formation competence in conditions of information overabundance. Professionalism and professional competence in information society receive new meanings, and the education system searches for productive ways of forming competence. The authors address the problems of organization and content independent work of students as a tool for implementing a competence approach. The writers emphasize that the competence approach presupposes a high involvement of the subject in educational activity, including through organization of independent work. Assessments of students’ satisfaction with organization and content of independent work on the basis sociological support for monitoring the quality of education at the university are given.

Social Network Sites appearance extended the opportunity to disclose personal information in one-to-many communications, becoming a source to research self-disclosure in online context. Despite increasing amount of empirical research, the unified approach of self-disclosure study has not been developed. The article reveals, systematizes and analyses the most promising self-disclosure theories. The review of the research includes 53 studies published between 1999 and 2017. The analysis showed Communication Privacy Management (CPM) is the most popular theory, which considers the greatest number of self-disclosure influencing factors.

The article is devoted to the analysis of specific features of labor activity motivation at the enterprises of rcket and space industry. Highly motivated and goal-oriented employees are the main driving force and valuable resource of any enterprise. This article considers the results of the author’s sociological survey conducted at KBhimmash im. A. M. Isaeva in the form of questionnaire. The goal of the research was to reveal motivational policy features of the enterprise and determine its effectiveness.

Currently, the city of Novosibirsk and the suburbs are experiencing serious migratory pressures, which arose because of the foreign migrants flows from near abroad countries. Arriving migrants do not adapt well, they practically do not integrate into the host community. In connection with this, various kinds of stereotypes regarding migrants arise in the receiving community, which are mostly negative, which leads to aggravation of migrant phobias and an increase in anti-migrant protest activity. The purpose of the study was to cover the issues of perceptions of migrants by local residents, as well as to characterize the level of rejection of migrants by the population.

The article considers the results of academic pursuits of the processes of formation, development and collapse of business career in banking organizations of Novosibirsk in the period of 2010-2016. The hypothesis of the study is that the social and economic modus of business career defines the mechanisms of localization and affirmation of the competitive edge of both the employee and banking organization in market environment. Cognition of the social and economic modus of business career of bank employees made it possible to reveal strategic alternatives to business career.

The article analyzes the organization of procurement activities at the Ministry of Culture of the Transbaikal Territory. It presents the data on the basis of the indicators, grouped by sample groups, conducted via monitoring with the use of the Unified information procurement system website. It is revealed that procurement with regard to the stated executive body is carried out in accordance with approved nomenclature and codes of economic entrepreneurial activity. The results of the conducted study may be useful to contract managers and other specialists as the base for the analysis, carried out in the structural divisions of cultural domain in constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

We present data on the diversity and ecophysiology of fungi from one of the most alkaline natural habitats on Earth - soda Lake Magadi, a place where pH values can exceed 11-12. It has been shown to harbor abundant prokaryotic organisms that form complex communities along with algae and few other eukaryotes. In the current study, we isolated and characterized 22 filamentous fungal species from Magadi Lake coasts using systematic approach, which involved selective recovery, morphological and phylogenetic analyses, growth experiments estimating pH and temperature preferences, NaCl dependence. We demonstrated that fungi with different types of adaptation to alkaline conditions were present in soda soils. Alkaliphilic and alkalitolerant fungi belong to different families of Ascomycetes , predominantly to Plectosphaerellaceae, as well as Onygenaceae, Trihocomaceae, and Pleosporaceae. Sodiomyces tronii and S. magadii are represented as new obligate alkalophilic species within the previously monotypic genus Sodiomyces (Plectosphaerellaceae). According to the results of growth experiments obligatory alkalophilic isolates exhibit therm- and halotolerant properties. The problems of adaptation to the external pH, possible substrate preferences and association of alkalophilic fungi with other organisms are discussed.

The results of the investigation of microscopic fungi complexes in the regions of five Russian polar stations in East Antarctica and the Subantarctic are presented in the article. A total of 104 species of microscopic fungi were identified. In samples of soils and anthropogenic materials from polar stations of East Antarctica (Progress, Mirny, Molodezhnaya, Druzhnaya-4) 77 species of fungi were detected by mycological methods, while 87 species of micromycetes were isolated from the Bellingshausen station (Subantarctic). The number of fungi in soils varied from individual propagules in control soils to 94,000 per gram of soil in contaminated areas. The largest number of species is represented by the genus Penicillium (26 species). The species of fungi that form the core of mycobiota in most of the studied habitats have been identified. For soils of East Antarctica it is formed by species of the genera Aureobasidium, Cadophora, Pseudogymnoascus ( Geomyces ), Thelebolus, and Phoma . There are significant differences in the mycobiota of East Antarctica and the Subantarctic. At the same time, the general tendency of the increase in the species diversity and the number of fungi in the areas of polar stations in comparison with the control (clean) sites for all studied territories was noted. The obtained data indicate that a significant part of micromycetes enters into Antarctic together with the man (anthropogenic invasion).

The results of more than a century history of study of taxonomic and ecological structure of basidial macromycete biota in polar deserts of the Northern Hemisphere are discussed. Nowadays, 77 species of macromycetes, among which 40 species are Agaricoid and 30 - Aphyllophoroid fungi, and 7 are Gasteromycetes, are known from this region. The greatest number of species is known for the Franz Josef Land archipelago and the Severanya Zemlya. All the identified species of Agaricoid and 86 % of Gasteroid fungi are aboriginal representatives of extremely high latitudes, collected under natural conditions, whereas 80 % of the Aphyllophoroid fungi are alien elements. All alien species are able to exist in the region exclusively in the human-modified habitats, colonizing anthropogenic woody and grass substrates, and disappear with the depletion of these resources. Despite the existence of mycobiota at the limit of the global thermal gradient, a concrete species complex of macromycetes that does not occur anywhere in the world is formed here. The most adaptable to such extreme conditions are symbiotrophic species (basioliolichens and mycorrhiza-forming). The general features of the organization with the Antarctica mycobiota are established. The possibility of new species appearance in the region is discussed in connection with the intensification of human economic activity and global climate change.

The results of a multi-year complex study of species diversity, features and patterns of distribution, substrate colonization and ecology of soil microscopic fungi in the lowland, piedmont and mountain monsoon rain forests of Vietnam are presented for the first time. In 97 forest habitats studied within 13 specially protected areas of Vietnam, located in the northern, central and southern parts of the country, 510 species of micromycetes from 148 genera were identified. The influence of environmental factors (climatic features, relief, soils, forest types, and others) on the formation of complexes of micromycetes was analyzed, as a result the dependence of the number of colony forming units (CFU) on the type of the substrate and season (wet/dry) was established: in dry season (October - March) significantly more species were detected ( p < 0.05) compared with the wet one, and many species were associated with specific plant species. Indicators of species diversity decrease with increasing altitude above sea level ( p < 0.01). In this case, the ratio of the taxonomic groups of micromycetes naturally changes. A latitudinal-zonal trend is revealed in the change of the species composition of microscopic fungi determined by a combination of environmental factors.

The results of 40-year monitoring of agarics in four types of pine forests in the Perm Krai are summed up (southern taiga subzone). We have learnt that species number in the pine forests varies from 80 (sphagnum pine forest) to 194 (lichen pine forest). We have shown the changes in species composition and the increase of species diversity in each period of the monitoring. We have analyzed ecological structure and defined species that are dominant by their number and biomass. Despite the changes of the species composition, ecological groups ratio in each forest type remains almost the same. The common feature is that mycorrhizal fungi prevail in the pine forests by species number (55.5-61.2 % of all the species number in the cenosis), as well as by yield (52 % of the total number and 94 % of total biomass). We have studied connection between species diversity and productivity of agaricomycetes and the climate. We have found that July rainfall is favorable for the “fruit bearing” of agarics in the pine forest with moderate humidity in August ( rs = 0.73). In swampy cenoses June rainfall, on the contrary, has negative impact ( rs = -0.70).

The influence of the degree of decomposition and acidity of wood, as well as the illumination of the micro-habitat on the species composition, abundance and occurrence of Myxomycetes of xylobiontic (inhabitants of the wood) substrate complex of forest communities in Siberia (Altai kray, Altai Republic, Novosibirsk Region). The work is based on the study of 1777 samples of fruit bodies (sporophores) Myxomycetes. In the analysis of data for communities of Myxomycetes of xylobiontic substrate complex was recognized clearly correlate with the degree of decomposition of the wood. The study of distribution of species composition of the slime mold on the wood of various degree of decomposition showed that the maximum number of species observed on dead trunks where the wood is of medium density and bark can easily be separated (W3). The smallest specificity and diversity of species composition was observed on the fellen trunks of trees with very dense wood and dense bark (W1). This dead tree has low water-retaining capacity, and the tight bark and the wood is almost intact, containing large amounts of lignin, preventing insight into the interior of the barrel of plasmodium and myxamoeba of Myxomycetes. The study of the location of the colonies of slime molds in relation to the light level showed that the greatest number of species is found on the front, side and bottom parts of dead trunks of woody plants. The lowest specificity and the least variety of species of Myxomycetes, found on the top, facing the sun, parts of dead tree trunks. An exception are species with compound fructifications, for example, such as Fuligo septica, Reticularia splendens , which are most often observed on the upper parts of the sunlight-facing trunks of woody plants. It is noted that acidophily of species of the genera Comatricha and Cribraria could be documented for decaying wood and bark of living trees.

The number and taxonomic structure of the complex of micromycetes are determined and the species capable of active functioning in the sediments (bottom soils) of the White Sea (littoral and at depths of 10-30 m) are revealed. The number of fungi in the soil is small (from hundreds to several thousand colony - forming units (CFU) in 1 g), and the species richness is quite significant. A total of 70 species was distinguished,, most of them (90 %) were anamorphs of Ascomycota (Capnodiales, Eurotiales, Hypocreales, Pleosporales, Saccharomycetales and Incertae sedis ) , the species of Zygomycota ( Mucoromycota ) - orders Mucorales and Umbelopsidales (8 %) and Basidiomycota - order Agaricales were less (2 %). Fungi, actively functioning in the soil were established by the ability to develop in the organic substrates (starch, cellulose, chitin, pieces of thallus laminaria), growth on media with seawater at low temperatures and at different levels of oxygen, i.e. conditions similar to those in the ecotope studied. This group of fungi includes about 20 species - Paradendryphiella salinа, Acremonium tubakii, A. potronii, Pseudeurotium hygrophilum, Pseudogymnoascus pannorum, Emericellopsis sphaerospora, Oidiodendron periconioides, representatives of genera Tolypocladium, Sarocladium, Parengyodontium album, Lecanicillium muscarium. They are characteristic of the marine and cold habitats, some of them are known as chitinolytic, associates of insects and algae, many of them grow in anaerobic conditions. In some species, this ability was discovered for the first time ( Aspergillus brasiliensis, A. sydowii, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Emericellopsis sphaerospora, Oidiodendron periconioides, Pseudeurotium hygrophilum, Tolypocladium cylindrosporum, T. tundrense, Umbelopsis vinаcea , some species of the genera Penicillium and Talaromyces ). Further study is required for detailed ecophysiological characterization of marine isolates of species that can function in bottom soils.

The results of a 20-year study of spatial distribution of clavarioid mycobiota in the West Siberian Plain are discussed. The species structure was studied at two scales: a regional (an area of 100,000 km2) and a local (100 km2) ones. One hundred twenty one species of clavarioid fungi were found in the study area. The patterns of spatial variability of species diversity on the plain were revealed. At the regional scale, the maximum species richness of fungi is observed in hemiboreal forests (104 species), while at the local scale it ranges from the middle boreal to hemiboreal (54.3-54.5 species). With the increasing pessimality of the hydro-thermal regime, at both scales, the number of species decreases sharply in the direction of the tundra and steppes. When studying the distribution of diversity among the localities, changes are observed not only along the latitudinal gradient, but also in the longitude sectors: in the forest zone, the richest localities are located on the western and eastern edges of the plain, while in the extensive marshy areas in the center the number of species is lower ( p < 0.05). A map of the spatial distribution of species diversity for the local scale is constructed. The correspondence of the spatial distribution of the studied group of fungi to a global latitudinal gradient is discussed. The main abiotic factors forming a variety of the studied group of fungi in the region are revealed.

According to the quantitative account the aphyllophoroid macromycetes of a Betula-complex on 207 sites of the territory of the West Siberian Plain in the range from the forest-tundra to the forest-steppe, width and zone consistent patterns of the biota of the xylotrophic fungi are determined. It is shown that the structure of width and zone xylomycocomplexes of the region is defined, first of all, by the climatic factors which are characterized by the expressed hydrothermal gradient and influencing fungi as directly, and through formation of the forest stands corresponding to climate. The sequence of width and zone xylomycocomplex of the region is offered as a scale for indication of forest vegetation conditions and parameters of a forest stand of the concrete timberland. Possibilities of indication are expanded with differentiation of xylomycocomplex and, respectively, its width and zone scale on functional fractions of fungi (stem, peripheral and wound types). The scale is used for an assessment of a condition of the woods of the natural park “Numto” (northern taiga) and approved on its 15 various wood lots. For the characteristic of each site coefficients of correlation of numerical structure of this mycocoenosis and the zone xylomycocomplex in the range from the forest-tundra to the forest-steppe taken as in general and on functional groups are calculated. The configuration of the spectral curves of a site received thus and their mutual situation shows features of the hydrothermal mode of a site, impact on a forest stand of mechanical damages, its physiological state, completeness, site class, age. In particular, by results of the carried-out mycological indication, forest vegetation conditions of the timberland of park broken by cabins and the fires correspond to forest vegetation conditions of the zones lying to the south of the park territory. Noted regularities of the West Siberian width and zone xylomycocomplexes scale are characterized by the defined universality for a forest biome of Siberia that is confirmed by the similar regularities received when studying high-rise and zone distribution of xylomycocomplex of Transbaikalia.

Introduction . During the period of adolescence and youth, an attitude towards the Motherland and society is laid, social practices begin to be developed, initiative and responsibility are formed. Our fifteen-year experience in holding the All-Russian competition of author's youth projects and projects in the field of education aimed at the social and economic development of Russian territories «My country is my Russia» (2003-2018) demonstrates that civil identity as a dynamic phenomenon and simultaneously a complex one is formed in a young man in the process of acquiring civil experience - experience of participation in the life of his/her country, regions (cities and villages), and local communities. In this regard, it is important for the society and state not to miss the chance «to upbring a responsible and initiative citizen», to form civil identity of a teenager and a young man. It also actualizes special tasks before the education system and state youth policy. The article presents an analysis of approaches to the definition of the concept of «civil identity» as a personal quality necessary for the formation of the younger generation, as well as the author's view on the ways of its formation. Methodology and methods of the research. In preparing the materials for the paper, we used the methods of analysis of scientific sources, content analysis of youth social projects, and a qualitative analysis of pedagogical practice. The empirical base was the results of several competitive events: the All-Russian competition of author's youth projects and projects in the field of education «My country is my Russia» (2003-2018), the contest to identify the best pedagogical experience aimed at the formation of civic identity of students (2017), as well as the data of the sociological survey of the authors of youth projects held in autumn 2017 (the number of respondents was 1,004 people). Results of the research. The scientific novelty of the article is that it presents an author's view on the notion of civic identity of the younger generation on the basis of an interdisciplinary analysis of approaches to the concept and study of pedagogical practice. The analysis of works on the problem of research has shown that in science there are several basic directions regarding the understanding of the essence and structure of the civil identity of the individual. The study is based on the understanding that the formation of civil identity takes place in three aspects: ethnic, all-Russian and general cultural. Based on the analysis of a wide range of sources, the concept of «civic identity» is defined as the key socio-cultural and worldview quality of the individual, manifested in the conscious acceptance by the individual of his/her belonging to a particular state, his/her socio-legal system and culture, to self-identify him/herself with the carriers of a certain worldview, way of thinking and behavior. Conclusion . The question of the formation of the civil identity of the younger generation is considered in the study as a matter of education, implemented in the process of realizing the practices of transferring socio-cultural experience and activating intergenerational ties. In our case, such practices are socially significant youth projects of the All-Russian competition «My country is my Russia». The article is of practical importance, since it shows the opportunities for the formation of the civil identity of the younger generation, which is important in the pedagogical and management practices of the managers and specialists in the education system and youth policy.

Introduction. The paper discusses the concept of patriotism and its role in the mentality of modern Russian society, as well as the status of patriotism in the system of social values. Methodology and methods of the research. The values inherent in any society form a hierarchical system. The division of values in this hierarchy into higher and lower ones is due to certain forms of differences between them. Pro-social values that contribute to the preservation and development of the society can be considered as the higher ones. In practice, however, the higher values are often those that are simply shared by the majority and shaped by educational practices. In this case, it is possible that the pro-social values will be pushed to the wayside. The result is the inversion of values. Results of the research. Analysis of this inversion shows that pro-social values should be the basis for the formation of the hierarchy of values of a particular society, but today it is increasingly not confirmed. In the discourse of studying patriotism as a social phenomenon, national culture, perceived through education and training, should be recognized as the highest value. The value of national culture is mentally so high that it is even possible to sacrifice life to preserve it. It is confirmed by the historical process that as long as there is culture, there is society. Today, however, a false understanding of patriotism as xenophobia is spreading more and more. In addition, patriotism is often a part of ideology imposed by the state. Some authors even consider patriotism as an outdated and unnecessary concept in the modern world. The present paper shows the failure of such approaches.

Introduction . The author defines the boundaries of the concept of «cultural conformity» as a special internal dimension of personality in choosing an action. With this aim, an analysis is conducted of the concept of «thinkableness» as a form of individual internal dimension of the personal and social world. Methodology and methods of the research. The author relies on M. Bakhtin’s approach to the philosophy of action, O. I. Genisaretsky’s view on the thinkableness of the cultural-historical perspective. The author shares O. I. Genisaretsky’s vision concerning the complexity of the phenomenon of thinkableness, and also about of its active role in cultural-historical perspective. The article includes an analysis of understanding of the cultural space due to L. N. Kogan. The author defines subject in accordance with the positions of I. F. Hegel and M. Heidegger. While studying social behavior, characteristics, values, the author refers to the works of E. Durkheim and Erich Fromm. The author takes into account the position of E. Durkheim about the significance of real and value judgments in social development. The dilemma of the analysis is the ratio of individual and social motives in the choice of personality. Assessment of the role of humanitarian education as a sphere of identification is characterized on the basis of the works of A. Filippov. The methods of analysis are the analysis of the philosophical, culturological, sociological and other humanitarian research; the value judgment, conclusion as a result of the analysis, generalization, abstraction, interpretation, ascent from the abstract to the concrete. The method of experimental study of the problem includes questioning of social positions of students, survey, the observation, conversation. Results of the research. The article substantiates the necessity of conceptual strategy of development of cultural thinking of the personality as a value support in his/her choice. The author found a tendency of respondents among students to separate meaning and norms in the social choice. The novelty of the proposed material is the integration of the problem of cultural conformity as a specific and necessary aspect of individual and social experience in the selection of cultural and historical lines as the disclosure of the value-semantic context. This position is defined as the movement towards conscious evolution. The article reveals the value connection of the norm of personal act with the space of cultural sense choices. The novelty of the material is the justification of cultural identity as a necessary dimension of individual and social cultural experience, as well as the quest to uncover value-semantic relationship of the norms of the personal acts in connection with the issue of measurability of cultural space as the degree of awareness of it at the individual and the global levels. Conclusion . The mechanism, offered by the author, for making a value-related decision has practical significance and can be used in social processes as the movement to the normative-semantic consensus in society, including education, in the process of formation of personal properties. It is shown that the culturally conformal thinkableness of an action strengthens the value relationship of the social norm and its individual meaning in the choice of personality, setting the line toward individual and social perfection.

Introduction . The paper deals with the features of professional training in the two-level system of education and specialist’s program in our country. Methodology and methods of research. The research methodology is represented by a set of philosophical, general-scientific, specific scientific and technological levels. The research method is represented by a set of specific forms, methods and means of theoretical and applied research in the field of pedagogy of vocational education. Result of the research. The transition of the national education system to a two-level system of training (Bachelor's, Master's) was connected with Russia’s entering the Bologna agreement, which led to the unification of the educational system of our country with the world system. Since the beginning of the Bologna process, sufficient time has passed, which allows formulating a number of preliminary results. First, in the Soviet system of education the share of time intended for higher education was greater, which allowed to speed up the process of growing up of the student. Secondly, the content of the curriculum of the specialist’s program in the Soviet University was aimed at fundamental, academic training, and in the training in the undergraduate there was a focus on the mastery of competencies and labor functions. Third, since education in the USSR was free at all levels, there was no stratification between students on the property basis. At present, this stratification has taken dangerous proportions. Conclusion . The existing system of two-level education is in the process of formation, it is inferior in a number of parameters to the specialist’s program of the Soviet model, but in the case of successful structural reforms in the economy, the demand for graduates of Bachelor's and Master's courses will increase and economic entities will actively participate in the formation of new educational concepts.

Introduction. On the basis of generalization and concretization of the fundamental laws of philosophy and natural science, fundamental laws of methodology are formulated, on the basis of which structural and functional foundations are revealed within interdepartmental interaction, consolidation of the resources of state and business, science, education and production in the process of education development. Methodology and methods of the research. As the fundamental methodological laws, we use the law of onto-anthropo-socio-genesis, the laws of the genetic development of life (genetic conditioning, the overturning of genetic potential, the advanced reproduction of genetic potential), laws of the harmonious organization of life (essence, energy, measure, harmony, size, information, phenomenon). Results of the research. With the purpose of systemic implementation of laws, a generalized law-principle of genetically conditioned spiral-spindle-fractal harmony is formulated. On the basis of the laws, a model of a single living space of moral education, intellectual and professional development is built, taking into account a single developing material base and information and communication infrastructure in the common logic of the law of onto-anthropo-socio-genesis of human being. The cluster approach is proposed as the organizational basis for the consolidation of public and private resources. The model of interaction is based on the content core of moral intellectual and creative activity. As the information and technological basis for the integration of scientific, educational and production resources within the framework of a single integrity, it is proposed to use digital technologies that allow creating virtual «cluster-like» living spaces. In order to increase the value motivation and system organization of the educational process, it is proposed to orient all its components to the final result. In this case, step diagnostics is proposed in accordance with the level typology of competencies. Conclusion. In accordance with the goal of the study, a methodological model of the formation of innovative human behavior in the context of interaction between education, state and business was developed. Theoretically, on the basis of methodological laws, a conceptual model of the formation of moral intellectual-creative human capital was developed that reveals in its integral unity the essential, intellectual and creative potential of a person that allows to implement the metasystem approach to the design of the content and technology of the educational process, and in the future to build a qualitatively new methodical system in the context of interaction between education, state and business using digital technologies.