Home – Home – Jornals – Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics 2016 number 9

This article is dedicated to the memory of genius scientist and organizer of science, the chief theorist of astronautics, the only mathematician three times Hero of Socialist Labor, the President of the Academy of Sciences of USSR, Academician Mstislav Keldysh in the year of 105 anniversary of his birth (10.02.1911-24.06.1978). The work is dedicated to the 55th anniversary of the first manned flight into space on April 12, 1961. The first cosmonaut of the planet was a citizen of the Soviet Union, Yuri Gagarin. This work is focused on the applications of the theory of the radiation transfer with hyper spectral approach to the space projects of remote sensing of the Earth climate system. The spectral observations are one of the important channels of information in the remote sensing. The measurement of the spectral radiation characteristics of the Earth as a planet in all spectral ranges from UV to the millimeter wavelengths allows one to receive the important information both about the properties of the sources and mechanisms of their radiation and of the environment, which absorbs, scatters and reflects the electromagnetic waves. In terms of the implementation of field observations, this is a challenge for the future; currently, it is suggested to develop information and mathematical aspects and the scenario approach to the solution of the problem on the basis of mathematical modeling on supercomputers and parallel supercomputing. It is important to formulate universal system models and methods for the supercomputing in problems of environmental and climate monitoring and research of the spectral characteristics of the radiation balance and albedo of the spherical Earth as global characteristics of climate evolution of the planet.