BLOOD LIPOPROTEINS AS A PLATFORM FOR TRANSPORT OF HYDROPHILIC AND HYDROPHOBIC COMPOUNDS
Lev Mikhaylovich POLYAKOV, Roman Aleksandrovich KNYAZEV, Aleksandr Vladimirovich RYABCHENKO, Mariya Vladimirovna KOTOVA, Nataliya Viktorovna TRIFONOVA
Institute of Biochemistry of Federal Research Center for Fundamental and Translational Medicine
Keywords: липопротеины очень низкой плотности, липопротеины низкой плотности, липопротеины высокой плотности, цитохалазин B, бензилпенициллин, бензантрацен, бензо(а)пирен, ксенобиотики, транспортные формы, very low density lipoproteins, low density lipoproteins, high density lipoproteins, cytochalasin B, benzylpenicillin, benzanthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, xenobiotics, transport forms
Abstract
The paper discusses the
transport functions of the main classes of blood plasma lipoproteins
(LP) that are not associated with the metabolism of lipids that make up
their composition. The aim of the study was to study the ability of
various plasma LP fractions (very low (VLDL), low (LDL) and high density
(HDL)) to interact with certain hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds
and show the role of LP as transport forms of xenobiotics in the organs
and tissues of the body. Material and methods. The studies were
performed with tritium-labeled cytochalasin B, benzylpenicillin,
benzanthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, ultracentrifugation of human plasma LP
fractions, column chromatography; in vivo experiments with intravenous
injection of LP complexes with tritium-labeled benzanthracene were
conducted. Results. The ability of various classes of LP to form
complexes with hydrophilic (cytochalasin B, benzylpenicillin) and
hydrophobic (benzanthracene, benzo(a)pyrene) compounds is shown by the
method of ultracentrifugation. More than 50 % of the radioactivity of
hydrophilic compounds in human blood plasma was represented in the
composition of the LDL and HDL fractions, and in the composition of the
VLDL fractions it was minimal - 6.3 and 5.1 %, respectively. A
significant part of cytochalasin and benzylpenicillin was also present
in the protein infranatant - 43.6 and 40.9 %, respectively. The
distribution in blood plasma for hydrophobic (benzanthracene,
benzo(a)pyrene) compounds was different. More than 80 % of the
radioactivity was represented in the composition of the LP fractions.
The polar protein infranatant contained 16.1 % of the radioactivity of
benzantracene and 13.6 % of benzo(a)pyrene. The features of the
lipophilic xenobiotics uptake by organs and tissues were shown in vivo
experiments with intravenous injection of complexes of LP with
tritium-labeled benzanthracene to rats. The highest specific
radioactivity was found in the liver and adrenal glands after the
intravenous injection of 3H-benzanthracene in the composition
of VLDL and LDL. Twice less uptake of the labeled drug was observed in
the testis and kidneys. Radioactivity decreased in the series: lungs,
adipose tissue, thymus, heart, and spleen. A feature of the use of HDL
as a platform for 3H-benzanthracene is the intense
accumulation of lipophilic xenobiotics in steroid-producing organs: the
adrenal glands and testis. Conclusion. The results obtained allow us to
consider the real possibility of using blood plasma PL as transport
platforms for hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds into the cells of
organs and tissues.
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