CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS IN CERTAIN INTERNAL DISEASES (review)
Igor Iosifovich SHAPOSHNIK, Vadim Viktorovich GENKEL, Alla Sergeevna KUZNETSOVA, Evgeniy Vladimirovich LEBEDEV, Aleksey Olegovich SALASHENKO
South-Ural State Medical University of Minzdrav of Russia
Keywords: нарушения ритма сердца, заболевания внутренних органов, фибрилляция предсердий, аритмии, нарушения проводимости, cardiac arrhythmias, diseases of internal organs, atrial fibrillation, conduction disorders
Abstract
Heart rhythm disorders are
considered as changes in the normal frequency, regularity, and source of
depolarization of the heart, as well as impulse conduction disorders.
Cardiac arrhythmias can be caused by numerous reasons, as well as their
combination. The review presents current data on the frequency, risk
stratification and prognostic value of cardiac arrhythmias in patients
with various internal diseases. The data on the increased risk of atrial
fibrillation in gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastric diseases and
inflammatory bowel diseases are presented. The spectrum of the most
common arrhythmias in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease and asthma, as well as thyroid diseases, diabetes mellitus and
acromegaly is considered. The options for cardiac arrhythmias associated
with the use of chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of
hemoblastosis are considered separately. Modern ideas about the
mechanisms of development of arrhythmias in various internal diseases
are discussed. In most cases, cardiac arrhythmias are associated with
both the direct effect of the underlying disease on the cardiovascular
system and the systemic reactions that occur. However, to date, the
question remains to what extent the myocardial state that precedes the
underlying disease plays a role in the occurrence of cardiac
arrhythmias. The significance of various congenital and genetic factors
has not been clarified. These questions are essential for everyday
clinical practice and require detailed scientific study.
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