Home – Home – Jornals – Flora and Vegetation of Asian Russia 2021 number 1

The results of geobotanical descriptions of natural fodder grounds within the Turan-Uyuk valley were presented in the article. The most productive communities are marshy, saline and glycophytic meadows in the Uyuk river valley. There are steppe valley and dry valley meadows on the hills, as well as low productive small-grained steppes. Widespread shrub vegetation is willow, bird-cherry and caragana bush. An ecological analysis showed the prevalence of mesophytes (37.9 %), xeromesophytes (18.4 %) and hygrophytes (17.3 %). The most forward-looking fodder plants are cereals (Bromopsis inermis, Elytrigia repens, Alopecurus pratensis, Agrostis gigantea, Leymus ramosus, L. chinensis, Festuca rubra, genus Poa), steppe and swamp sedges (Carex duriuscula, C. acuta, C. cаespitosa, C. diluta) in a juvenile stage, beans (Caragana spinosa, Lathyrus pratensis, L. frolovii, Vicia cracca, Trifolium pratense, Tr. repens, Medicago falcata), motley grass (Potentilla anserina, Potentilla bifurca, Achillea asiatica, Achillea millefolium, Geranium pratense, Filipendula ulmaria, Sanguisorba officinalis). Among the swampy meadows, grass-cereal-sedges polydominant meadows (Carex caespitosa, Salix rosmarinifolia, Festuca rubra, Juncus arcticus, Alopecurus pratensis, Agrostis gigantea and various sedges) were widespread. The plant communities consisted of Equisetum palustre, Potentilla anserina, Eriophorum polystachion, Eleocharis acicularis, Deschampsia caespitosa, Hordeum brevisubulatum, Puccinellia distans were founded at the floodplain. The dry mass of the most productive swampy meadows ranged from 112.5 centners per hectare to 134.3 centners per hectare (the ones can be used as spring pastures). Halophytic communities varied greatly both morphologically and floristically (Hordeum brevisubulatum, Leymus angustus, L. chinensis, Plantago cornuti, Halerpestes salsuginosa, Saussurea amara). The dry phytomass of steppe communities (Achillea asiatica, Bromopsis inermis, Plantago major, Potentilla bifurca and Phlomis tuberosa, Geranium pratense, Fragaria viridis) is less (33.0 and 30.9 centners per hectare), than that of swampy meadows, but the species composition includes valuable fodder plants. The real halophytic meadows were consisted of groups of cereals (14.8 centners per hectare), sedges (6.2), saltwort (4.5), motley grass (5.9) and dead plants (32.8). These communities are valuable and highly productive. Glycophytic meadows (Bromopsis inermis, Elytrigia repens, Achillea millefolium, Potentilla anserina) had high productivity (46.1 centners per hectare), with motley grass (23.3) and dead plants (17.8). Biological productivity of swampy meadows varies widely - from 11.5 to 134.3 centners per hectare (dry mass), saline ones - from 40.7 to 51.5 centners per hectare. Small-grained steppes are not recommended for a cattle breeding due to severe degradation.