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A method for finding exact solutions of the equations of gas dynamics with a linear velocity field is proposed. This method was used to find exact solutions for one submodel of the evolutionary type which was fully integrated for the case of a polytropic gas. Examples of particle motion for the obtain exact solutions are given.

Wind flows in meromictic saline lakes in which the water column does not mix to the bottom for at least one year are studied. This leads to the formation of the upper and depth layers with small density gradients, between which there is a water layer with a large density gradient. It has been shown that, depending on the density stratification and the wind speed, wind flows (in a vertical plane) of two types are possible: with one or two circulation zones. For a two-layer lake model, a criterion for the change in the wind flow regime is proposed.

The finite difference method is used to solve the task of the developed pulsating laminar flow in a rectangular channel. The optimum of the difference scheme parameters was determined. Data on the amplitude and phase of the longitudinal velocity oscillations, the hydraulic and friction drag coefficients, the shear stress on the wall have been obtained. Using the dimensionless value of the frequency pulsations two characteristic regimes — the quasi-steady-state regime and the high-frequency regime have been identified. In the quasi-steady-state regime, the values of all hydrodynamic quantities at each instant of time correspond to the velocity value averaged over the cross section at a given moment of time. It is shown that in the high-frequency regime, the dependences on the dimensionless oscillation frequency of oscillating components of hydrodynamic quantities are identical for rectilinear channels with a different cross-sectional form (round pipe, flat and a rectangular channels). The effect of the aspect ratio of the rectangular channel sides channel on the pulsating flow dynamics has been analyzed.

A cross-correlation algorithm, which enables the obtaining of the velocity field in the flow with a spatial resolution up to a single pixel per vector, has been realized in the work. It gives new information about the structure of microflows as well as increases considerably the accuracy of the measurement of the flow velocity field. In addition, the realized algorithm renders information about the velocity fluctuations in the flow structure. The algorithm was tested on synthetic data at a different number of test images the velocity distribution on which was specified by the Siemens star. The experimental validation was done on the data provided within the international project “4th International PIV Challenge”. Besides, a detailed comparison with the Particle Image Velocimetry algorithm, which was realized previously, was carried out.

This paper presents the results of experimental research of heat transfer in air-to-air regenerative heat exchanger with periodic change of flow direction. The temperatures of the airflow and the material of regenerative packing in different sections have been obtained. The temperature efficiency of the heat exchanger has been determined at dif-ferent flow rates. The developed mathematical model of the regenerative heat exchanger is described. It is shown that the model fairly well describes the experimental results. Based on numerical studies the dependence of thermal efficiency of the heat exchanger on the airflow rate is determined. It is shown that changing the ratio of the oppositely directed flow rates, it is possible to regulate the temperature of the air flowing into the room. The possibility of using the model for optimizing the operational and design parameters of heat exchanger is demonstrated.

As a rule, aerodynamic studies at hypersonic flow velocities are carried out in short-duration wind-tunnel facilities. For such facilities, optical diagnostic methods are most preferable. In the present study, we give for the first time a comparison of two methods for determining the end of laminar-turbulent transition: from the distribution of heat fluxes and from schlieren visualization data for the boundary-layer flow. Parametric data on the position of the tran-sition are obtained. These data can be used in the future as reference ones while calibrating semi-empirical calculation models for the transition.

Evaporation of a water drop was studied experimentally at a temperature difference between the solid surface and surrounding atmosphere from 30 to 60 °C. The studies were performed on the substrates with micro- and nanocoatings with different wettability. The features of evaporation were studied for the pinned, partially pinned, and depinned three-phase contact line (solid-liquid-gas interface). It is shown that with a decrease in the water drop volume, the specific evaporation rate (mass flow per unit of surface area) increases, particularly at the last stage of evaporation.

Experimental results on energy characteristics of electric-arc plasma generator for heating technical nitrogen with the power of up to 500 kW are presented. The features of arc discharge glow, thermal efficiency, and service life of the electrodes were determined under the regime of melting the metallurgical raw material in the test plasma electric furnace.

On November 5, 2015 Vasiliy M. Fomin, the Full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and noted researcher, working on mathematical simulation of the problems of continuum mechanics and mechanical engineering, became 75 years of age.