In the paper we proposed to use the delaminating system water – oxyphos B – sodium sulphate for the purposes of extraction. Solubility isotherms have been obtained for the system at 25 °С. Concentration ranges have been established for the region of two-phase liquid equilibrium. An interphase distribution of certain metal ions has been studied at a concentration thereof equal to 1 · 10–4 mol/L in the presence of HCl or H2SO4.
N. S. KOBOTAEVA, D. A. KANASHEVICH, A. V. BORILO, T.S. SKOROKHODOVA and E.E. SIROTKINA
Institute of Petroleum Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademicheskiy 4, Tomsk 634021 (Russia) E-mail: nat@ipc.tsc.ru
Keywords: carbon (II) monoxide oxidation, catalysts, hopcalite
Pages: 453–457
Catalysts for carbon (II) monoxide low-temperature oxidation were studied. It is demonstrated that wastes from water treatment plants those are formed in the course of water purification from iron can be used as catalysts in the mentioned process.
A. V. MASHKINA and L. N. KHAIRULINA
Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Lavrentyeva 5, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia) E-mail: amash@catalysis.ru
Keywords: catalysts, dimethyl disulphide, dimethyl sulphide, methanol
Pages: 471–478
Reaction between dimethyl disulphide and methanol at 250–400 °С was studied under the influence of catalysts having strong acidic centers on the surface thereof such as amorphous aluminosilicate, zeolites HNaY and HZSM-5, and aluminochromium catalysts. In the presence of these catalysts, the major product of the reaction is presented by dimethyl sulphide that is formed via the interaction of one disulphide molecule with two molecules of methanol. Among aluminosilicate catalysts, the greatest activity is exhibited by pure zeolite HZSM-5; in the case of modifying the zeolite by cobalt or chromium oxides the catalytic performance thereof is not improved. Catalysts containing chromium oxide on aluminum oxide appeared to be efficient in the formation of dimethyl sulphide, whereas the activity thereof increases with increasing the content of chromium in the catalyst. The rate of the reaction in the presence of chromium catalysts increases in direct proportion with increasing the concentrations of methanol and dimethyl disulphide, as well as with increasing the temperature. The apparent activation energy is equal to (67±2) kJ/mol. The reaction between methanol and dimethyl disulphide in the presence of aluminochromium catalysts occurs selectively and with a high productivity with respect to DMS.
K. V. MISHCHENKO and YU. M. YUKHIN
Institute of Solid State Chemistry and Mechanochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul. Kutateladze 18, Novosibirsk 630128 (Russia) E-mail: kseniya.kuznetsova@gmail.com
Keywords: bismuth oxocarbonate, high-purity compounds, chemical synthesis, nitric solutions
Pages: 479–483
The formation of bismuth (III) oxocarbonate (BiO)2CO3 was studied by means of X-ray phase analysis, electron microscopy and chemical analysis. Comparative analysis of different methods of obtaining bismuth oxocarbonate was carried out: bismuth precipitation from nitric solutions with the addition of ammonium carbonate and with the inverse order of reagent addition, as well as the interaction of solid bismuth oxohydroxonitrate with the aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate. The reasonability of the synthesis of fine crystalline highly pure bismuth (III) oxocarbonate through the interaction of oxohydroxobismuth (III) nitrate monohydrate with the solutions of ammonium carbonate.
S. V. BAZARSADUEVA1 and L. D. RADNAEVA1,2 1Baikal Institute of Nature Management, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Ul. Sakhyanovoy 8, Ulan Ude 670047 (Russia)
E-mail: bselmeg@gmail.com 2Buryatia State University,
Ul. Smolina 24a, Ulan Ude 670000 (Russia)
Keywords: deep-water Baikal amphipoda, fatty acid composition
Pages: 499–502
For the first time the fatty acid composition of deep-water Baikal amphipoda Ommatogammarus albinus sampled with the help of deep-water manned submersible units «Mir» was studied. Using the technique of chromatography–mass spectrometry, in the tissue of Baikalian amphipoda there have been 40 fatty acids observed those exhibit different unsaturation level with a high content of monounsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid, 18:1n9. A high ratio 18:1n9/18:1n7 and relatively low ratio values 16:1n7/16:0 and 20:5n3/22:6n3 indicate that deep-water amphipoda Ommatogammarus albinus belong to necrophages.
YU. A. GISMATULINA and V. V. BUDAEVA
Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Ul. Sotsialisticheskaya 1, Biysk 659322 (Russia)
E-mail: ipcet@mail.ru
Keywords: Russian miscanthus, ash, fat-wax fraction, cellulose according to Kurschner, nitric acid method, α-cellulose, residual lignin, level of polymerization
Pages: 503–508
Chemical compositions were determined for two miscanthus crops harvested from one-year-old and two-year-old plantations (the whole plant, stems and leaves taken separately). The content of non-cellulosic components (fat-and-wax fraction, ash, acid-insoluble lignin) in the leaves was revealed to be higher as compared with the corresponding parameters for the stems, whereas cellulose and pentosans in the stem are prevailing. It has been demonstrated that the cellulose species obtained with the help of a nitric-acid method from the leaves and stems, taken separately, are varying in quality and yield. The ash level and the residual lignin content inherent in the cellulose obtained from leaves is higher than that for the cellulose obtained from the stems, whereas the mass fraction of α-cellulose and the polymerization level of cellulose obtained from the leaves are lower as compared to those for the cellulose produced from the stems. It was found that the cellulose from the miscanthus stems taken from two-year-old plantations, is characterized by a high quality: the mass fraction of α-cellulose is equal to 94 %, PL 800, ash content 0.07 %, the mass fraction of residual lignin 0.5 %, that of pentosans amounting to 0.4 %.
M. N. DENISOVA and V. V. BUDAEVA
a:2:{s:4:"TEXT";s:230:"Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
A process of cellulose producing from miscanthus by means of a hydrotropic method using a universal thermobaric unit was studied. An expediency of additional washing the technical grade cellulose by hydrotropic solution was vindicated. Main characteristics are presented for the products obtained depending on the conditions of delignification. The hydrotropic method for processing the cellulose-containing raw materials has been demonstrated to be universal with and the results being reproducible.
M. P. SEMUSHINA1, K. G. BOGOLITSYN1,2, A. YU. KOZHEVNIKOV1,2 and D. S. KOSYAKOV1,2 1Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University,
Naberezhnaya Severnoy Dviny 17, Arkhangelsk 163002 (Russia) 2Institute of Ecological Problems in the North, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences,
Naberezhnaya Severnoy Dviny 23, Arkhangelsk 163061 (Russia)
Keywords: sorption, propellant, 1,1-dimethylhydrazine, UDMH, lignin
Pages: 515–519
The sorption properties of technical-grade lignins were studied with respect to 1,1-dimethylhydrazine. It has been found that the lignin obtained by means of hydrolysis exhibits a high sorption capacity with respect to 1,1-dimethylhydrazine owing to a greater number of active sorption centers. Dynamics has been studied for binding unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine by the hydrolytic lignin.
I. A. PAVLOV, V. F. BURDUKOVSKY and S. S. PALITSYNA
Baikal Institute of Nature Management, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ul. Sakhyanovoy 8, Ulan Ude 670047 (Russia)
A. P. KRYSIN
Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pr. Akademika Lavrentyeva 9, Novosibirsk 630090 (Russia)
Keywords: natural and synthetic phenol antioxidants, properties of antioxidant system, prophylactics of diseases, intermediate products of synthesis and properties of phenolic modifyers of polymers, synthesis of hybrid antioxidants
The antioxidant system of protection in humans is presented in the general form, and unfavourable factors affecting this system are characterized. The scientific and technological achievements in the chemistry of phenol antioxidants and modifying agents, aimed at the improvement of the characteristics of polymer products for consumers and an increase in the lifetime of products under extreme performance conditions are considered.
