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This publication is devoted to deciphering of symbolic records placed on two batons de commandement from the burial of children in Sunghir (sequel of elaboration of the problem raised by the author in his article

The author touches upon a poorly elucidated question, the one of woman

In the article, on the ground of literary and field materials, some traditional views of the Khakass people about soul are reconstructed. Different kinds of soul are characterized. A special attention is paid to the study of the existence and transformation of these views in modern reality. The work is destined to ethnographers, archaeologists, historians, as well as to all those interested in the traditional culture of this nation.

The author

On the basis of modern theories of civilization widely used in historical, culturological and philosophical investigations, the author demonstrates some potentialities of application of civilized approach to theoretical and applied ethnosociology. Such method allows to broaden theoretico-cognitive, prognostic, practico-transformative and elucidative functions of this science.

At different levels of analysis

The authors demonstrate that a clear view of the socio-cultural type of interaction is a subsequent concrete definition of civilized approach. In this connection, one ought to distinguish historical peculiarities of concrete manifestations of the socio-cultural type (for instance, the Eurasian one) and its own content, invariant in respect of ethnic substratum and landscape. As an example of such invariance the authors examine Hellenism (prototype of the socio-cultural type). The structural identity of Hellenism and Turkic-Slavonic synthesis are analysed, as well as the role of Eurasian idea of brotherhood of peoples is emphasized.

The authors carry out analysis of the role of science and education in the processes of inter-regional and inter-ethnic integration in Russia. Their investigation demonstrates that intensive strengthening and broadening of scientific co-ordinated actions by means of new information technologies is a display of real integration of ethnoses in the person of representatives of national scientific intelligentsia; the integrating functions of education are stipulated by the fact that the latter is obligatory and accessible to every citizen of Russia independently of his or her ethnic origin. The authors draw to the conclusion that the system of education, as well as science and scientific association, as far as possible, are the factors keeping up and strengthening the processes of inter-ethnic unity, integration of the multinational Russian State.

The approach to the search for efficient solvent extraction systems for fission rhodium is substantiated experimentally on the basis of characterization of the prevailing forms of rhodium differing in charge sign (cationic, anionic and neutral) in nitrate-nitrite solutions and their reactivity toward the coordination and anion-exchange extractants. The most promising processes are those involving coordination extraction of the [Rh(NO₂)₃(H₂O)₃] form, which is relatively stable in nitric solutions and can be obtained by nitration of the initial solutions. Rhodium is solvent extracted by 96

For the example of sequential replacement of equivalent reagents, the effect of the reaction medium on the formation of mesostructured silicates of MCM-41 type is studied. It is shown that the reagents providing pH of the medium, solubility of the main interacting reagents can substantially affect the rates of hydrolysis and polymerization of silica, as well as enhance or weaken osmosis in the pores thus affecting the formation of the structure of a substance and finally its hydrothermal stability.