Home – Home – Jornals – Advanced Search

We report results on the age estimates of the Paleogene diatom datums derived from the magnetostratigraphy at the marine Cenozoic stratigraphic section of the Kvachina Bay, West Kamchatka. Based on a direct correlation with the Geomagnetic Polarity Time Scale, it was possible to determine the age of such levels in the interval between Subchron C13r (35.10-33.73 Ma) and Subchron C9r (27.86-27.44 Ma). Of greatest interest are the dates of the first and last occurrences of Lisitzinia ornata (27.71 Ma and 27.54 Ma respectively), and the first occurrence of Rocella gelida (27.49 Ma). This is the first experience of absolute age estimates of Oligocene diatom biohorizons based on magnetostratigraphy not only in Kamchatka sections, but in the North Pacific region in general. A comparison was made between the obtained age estimates and those published in the literature based on the study of deep-sea cores in various regions of the World Ocean.

We have estimated the proportion of sorbed water converted to ice and hydrate during the interaction of wet sand samples with methane by using the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry method. There is a thin film of strongly bound water in small pores at the rock-fluid interface. This water does not freeze at the subzero temperatures achieved during the experiment; its amount remains constant without regard to the water content in a sample. We have calculated the amounts of strongly bound water and water converted to ice and hydrate for all samples. Based on the established hydrate stoichiometry, we have calculated the amount of methane converted to hydrate. Analysis of the obtained data has revealed the optimal water content in a sample, which results in the greatest amount of hydrate formation.

The unique relationship between induced polarization parameters and the structure of interface and pore space in rocks sustains considerable interest in applied science, driving the continuously expanding range of application of this method. The physicochemical theory of induced polarization in rocks contains significant gaps, which stem from the complexity of the processes generating secondary electric fields within rocks. To date, laboratory investigation results remain the primary source of new knowledge about the mechanisms and processes occurring in rocks under the influence of an electric field. Over the past decade, several new hypotheses, mechanisms, and models of induced polarization in rocks containing electron-conducting mineral inclusions have been proposed; their key features are described in our article. These hypotheses are actively discussed and used for interpreting induced polarization data obtained in laboratory studies and field tests. We present the results of an experimental study of induced polarization at the shungite - pore moisture interface, conducted on a synthetic capillary model of rocks containing an electron-conducting mineral inclusion. Based on voltammetric measurements, the principal characteristics of shungite polarization in an aqueous NaCl solution are established. The magnitude of exchange currents, the dynamics of interfacial polarization at different current densities, and the features of interfacial potential relaxation are estimated. Our study features the first presentation of measurements of electric currents flowing within the model and inside the shungite inclusion - the induced polarization currents. It is proven that the relaxation of the electric field in the model and that of the induced polarization currents exhibit identical dependences. The proportionality between the polarization intensity of the shungite inclusion and the normal current component at the shungite - pore moisture interface is experimentally confirmed. The resulting materials point to the dominant role of the electrode polarization mechanism for electron-conducting mineral inclusions in rocks. A description of the most probable induced polarization mechanism at the mineral inclusion - pore moisture interface in rocks is provided.

This study demonstrates the practical feasibility of high-precision in-flight measurement of magnetic fields from remote radio transmitters, including the use of unmanned aerial vehicles. The proposed method is based on calculating the Euclidean norm of the full complex magnetic field vector, which eliminates any dependence of the result on the orientation of the measurement system. To compensate for primary field instability, normalization is performed using a synchronized signal from a stationary base receiver. Further accuracy is achieved through pre-flight sensor calibration and spatial data smoothing during processing. Test measurements demonstrate good result reproducibility, with a discrepancy of less than 0.5% of the signal level. Moreover, magnetic field anomaly maps obtained at different altitudes show strong correlation both with each other and with archival data from ground-based inductive electromagnetic surveys.

The nothospecies Galatella × tzvelevii Vasjukov et Saksonov (Asteraceae), derived from a hybridization of G. biflora (L.) Nees × G. villosa (L.) Rchb. f., was described in 2015 from a single flowering specimen in the Samara Region. While working at the I.I. Sprygin Herbarium (RKM) of Penza State University, we discovered another specimen of this nothospecies, designated here as the epitype of the name of this taxon. Characters supplementing the morphological description of the nothospecies given in the protologue, as well as characteristics of the parental species, are discussed. A new locality for G. × tzvelevii from the Republic of Bashkortostan is also presented.

Siberian iris Iris sibirica L. (Iridaceae) is known as a species included in many regional Red Books and has valuable ornamental and medicinal properties. The lack of a unified approach to overcoming dormancy, which is characteristic to varying degrees of mature seeds of many iris species, usually complicates their micropropagation. This study allowed us to determine the conditions that facilitate the germination of both mature and immature seeds of I. sibiricain vitro culture. The effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) on the morphogenetic potential of I. sibirica was assessed, which made it possible to create a protocol for effective microclonal propagation of the species. Data were obtained on the stimulation of I. sibirica seed germination in order to obtain adventitious shoot formation by direct organogenesis without callus formation. It was found that the use of cytokinin 6-BAP at a concentration of 1 mM is most effective for obtaining, on average, 3-4 adventitious shoots in seedlings obtained from immature seeds, as well as for increasing the energy of seed germination regardless of their maturity. At a low concentration of cytokinin, no violation of the ability of adventitious shoots to rhizogenesis was noted, which made it possible to obtain microclones with a well-developed root system when transplanted to a hormone-free medium. The deposition of microclones for 2 months at a low temperature allowed increasing the survival rate of regenerated plants to 86.5 % when they were subsequently transferred to ex vitro conditions. The plants developed at an accelerated rate, which allowed most seedlings to bloom in the second year after transplantation to the introduction site. This work is relevant for obtaining a large amount of plant material, both for further study and for preserving the species in vitro and ex situ , given that the habitats of I. sibirica are subject to anthropogenic impact and some populations listed in the Red Books have not been found again.

The pine and small-leaved pine grass forests of the North-Western Caucasus are proposed to be considered as part of a special subzonal geographical type - the European-Siberian hemiboreal forests. The results of the analysis of the spectrum of phytocenotic groups demonstrated the highest importance of light-depending mesophilous species of subalpine-forest and “betular” (related to birch forests) phyto-cenoenotic elements, as well as the important role of subalpine species along with the weak participation of shade-tolerant nemoral plant species. The results of the geographical analysis of the floristic composition revealed the predominance of widespread species (of Eurasian, European-Siberian and West Palearctic chorological groups), as well as endemic Caucasian taxa. According to the proposed concept of the genesis of the Caucasian hemiboreal forests, the high level of endemism is a consequence of their autochthonous floro-genesis at the upper boundary of the forest belt in the Pliocene. At the same time, the significant participation of European-Siberian, Western Palearctic and Eurasian chorological groups is the result of active migrations of plant species in hemiboreal forests predominated during the Quaternary period in forest and forest-steppe zones of Northern Eurasia.

New syntaxa are described, validation of alliance is carried out. New data on the distribution of plant communities, their ecology and composition are given. Alliance Carici supinae-Stipion zalesskii Korolyuk all. nov. Holotypus - ass. асс. Artemisio austriacae-Stipetum capillatae Schubert, Jager et Mahn ex Korolyuk 2014. Diagnostic species (D. s.): Artemisia austriaca , Carex supina , Festuca valesiaca , Potentilla humifusa , Seseli ledebourii , Stipa capillata , S. zalesskii. The alliance unites bunchgrass typical steppes of the steppe zone of the Trans-Volga-Kazakhstan steppe province (Lavrenko et al., 1991). It is characterized by prevalence of widespread steppe xerophytes, including bunchgrasses. Three associations within the alliance have been described. Ass. Artemisio austriacae-Stipetum capillatae Schubert, Jager et Mahn ex Korolyuk 2014 - bunchgrass typical steppes of Western Siberia, the Urals, the Southern Urals, the Trans-Urals, and Northern Kazakhstan. D. s.: Artemisia austriaca , Carex supina , Festuca valesiaca , Potentilla humifusa , Seseli ledebourii , Stipa capillata , S. zalesskii . Ass. Artemisio nitrosae-Festucetum valesiacae Zolotareva, Korolyuk et Makunina 2023 - steppes on sandy soils. D. s.: Artemisia nitrosa , Camphorosma monspeliaca , Kochia prostrata . Ass. Gypsophilo paniculatae-Artemisietum glaucae Korolyuk 2014 Zolotareva, Korolyuk et Makunina 2023 - steppes on sandy soils. D. s.: Artemisia frigida , A. marschalliana , Cleistogenes squarrosa , Gypsophila paniculata , Helichrysum arenarium , Silene borysthenica , S. borysthenica . A new association is described in the class Salicetea herbaceae Br.-Bl. 1948, the order Salicetalia herbaceae Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et Jenny 1926 and the alliance Saxifrago stellaris-Oxyrion digynae Gjaerevoll 1950. Ass. Hymenolomo crispuli-Salicetum polaris Sinelnikova ass. nov. (Suppl., Table 2) - snowbed communities of the class Salicetea herbaceae Br.-Bl. 1948 in the highlands of the south-eastern spurs of the Chersky ridge (Magadan Region). D. s.: Anthelia juratzkana , Bistorta elliptica , Carex podocarpa , Hymenoloma crispulum , Lagotis minor , Salix polaris. The association includes two subassociations - typicum (Suppl., Table 1, rel. 1-24) and rhodioletosum quadrifidae (Suppl., Table 1, rel. 24-37). A new association is described in the class Festucetea vaginatae Soό 1957, the order Festucetalia vaginatae Soό 1957 and the alliance Sileno borysthenicae-Cleistogenion squarrosaeKorolyuk 2017. Ass. Kitagawio baicalensis-Festucetum beckeri Chupina ass. nov. (Suppl., Table 3) - psammophytic steppes on the terraces of the right bank of the Ob river. D. s.: Kitagawia baicalensis , Melilotus albus , Vicia amoena , Vincetoxicum sibiricum , Hippophae rhamnoides. The article presents new data on the distribution of the associations from the class Therosalicornietea Tx. in Tx. et Oberd. 1958: Salicornietum perennantis (Soó ex Wendelberger 1943) Soó 1964 nom. corr. (Suppl., Table 3, 4), Salicornio perennantis-Suaedetum salsae Freitag, Golub et Yuritsina 2001 (Suppl., Table 5), Suaedetum kulundensis Korolyuk 2010 (Suppl., Table 6), Suaedetum salsae Golub et Tchorbadze in Golub 1995 (Suppl., Table 7), Artemisio nitrosae-Camphorosmetum songoricae Korolyuk 1999 (Suppl., Table 8), Suaedetum corniculatae Burtseva in Mirkin et al. 1992 (Suppl., Table 9), Suaedo corniculatae-Camphorosmetum songoricae Korolyuk 1999 (Suppl., Table 10).

The article contains personal memories of meetings with the outstanding botanist Andrey Pavlovich Khokhryakov (1933-1998), which had a significant influence on the author’s professional path. It describes striking moments of joint expeditions, seminars, and scientific discussions that reveal the unique talent and personal qualities of the scientist. The article provides information about Khokhryakov’s contributions to various fields of botany and emphasizes the significance of his ideas and work for modern science.

The review of publications (106 sources) on the history of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences for the period from the moment of the first newspaper appeals about the organization of the botanical garden in Novosibirsk (1939, 1945) to the present is given. The publications are organized into blocks on general history, memorial dedications, the history of scientific fields and/or laboratories, and the memoirs of employees. The review of historical literature makes it possible to evaluate the contribution of four generations of researchers and staff of the Botanical Garden to the organization of botanical science in the conditions of the Soviet period, during the “perestroika period” and in the first decades of the new century. The collected materials are the basis for the work of the “Botanical Museum of Siberia” to preserve the history of the Central Siberian Botanical Garden SB RAS.