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The influence of diffraction on the results of computer cytophotometry has been explored through experiments and theoretical analysis. The relative error introduced by diffraction is shown to depend significantly on the optical characteristics of the object: size and absorption. In computer cytophotometry, the choice of standards having a lower DNA concentration in nuclei with large sizes is found to be favorable for measurements of the length of the genomes of various organisms. It is proved theoretically and experimentally that the systematic error due to diffraction can be accounted for without the digital processing of each micro-image involving deconvolution procedures with the point spread function of the microscope.

A short-term memory structure (three-dimensional spheroidal retinoid) is proposed for stabilization of the wide-angle vision field and realization of the stereopsis process, as well as formation and storage of the binocular visual space in observer's consciousness.

It is found that damaged regions are formed around indium contacts to p-type CdHgTe {310} heteroepitaxail layers (HELs) on GaAs substrates and the sizes of these regions depend on the temperature and time of annealing in air. It is shown experimentally that at an annealing temperature of 90 ºC, the rate of expansion of the damaged regions is about 4 µm/h, and at temperatures of 120 ºC, it is more than 25 µm/h. After 488 hours of annealing of plates of CdHgTe HELs at 60 ºC in air, the formation of damaged regions around the indium contacts to the p regions was not observed. The studies were performed on plates of p-type CdHgTe HELs on GaAs substrates whose surface was covered with SiO₂ and Si₃N₄ dielectrics (with a total thickness of about 0.15 µm), with windows where p-n junctions were generated by ion implantation of boron.

Approaches to determining the unknown operator and the diagram of the neural network in the process of its analysis for diagnostics of digital systems are considered.

An estimation algorithm for the trajectory of a mark-making object is developed which does not require interactive selection of the region of marks. An adequate measure of the straightness of marks is proposed which allows quantitative evaluation of the performance of the estimation algorithms. Results of experimental studies are given that support the possibility of using the gradient structure tensor to estimate moving object trajectories from images obtained during motion analysis

One analytical relation needed for calculating the probability of errorless readout of random discrete images by integrators with two threshold levels is proved. A specific feature of this study is the fact that the relation proved in this paper has been first obtained through analytical calculations on a computer.

Operation principles of locally spatial filtration algorithms and wavelet filtration algorithms are described. Numerous computational experiments are performed with filtration of two different images distorted by noise with different statistical natures (white, color, and pulsed). Based on the analysis of the results obtained, recommendations on using the image filtration algorithms considered are given.

A new algorithm for detecting abandoned objects is proposed. The algorithm is based on analyzing the space and time characteristics of the overall background, background consisting of stationary objects, and current image of the video sequence. The algorithm can operate under conditions of short-time overlapping of the abandoned object, has a moderate computational complexity, and is designed for application in video surveillance systems

A method of digital filtration of experimental data sequences with the use of approximation spline functions is proposed. A problem of digital filtration on the basis of such functions is posed, and its general solution is given. An example of constructing approximation spline functions with control at the ends of observation intervals is considered. Results of digital filtration of aerodynamic experimental data with the use of the method developed are described.

Approximation of structure functions (SFs) using orthogonal polynomials in most cases, leads to an incorrect determination of the spectral power density for the obtained orthogonal model. A method for constructing orthogonal models of SFs is proposed based on preliminary shifting of the analyzed SF and using orthogonal functions as the bases. In this method, the expansion coefficients are determined using a numerical-analytical approach, which allows one to determine orthogonal models of SFs with a small approximation error and calculate spectral power density with greater accuracy. The implementation of the algorithms for constructing orthogonal models of SFs in the Laguerre and Legendre bases is considered.