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A non-asymptotic procedure for constructing the confidence region of the parameter of the Gaussian autoregression process of the p-th order with an unknown variance of the process noise is proposed. The confidence estimation procedure is based on the martingale property of the numerator of the deviation of the least squares estimator. The paper presents the results of numerical simulation.

A method is proposed for synthesis of energy-efficient controllers in both open and closed domains of definition of spatiotemporal control actions for linear multidimensional objects of the parabolic type with distributed parameters under the conditions of a specified accuracy of uniform approximation of the system's final state to the required spatial distribution of the controlled variable. The suggested approach is based on the previously developed alternance method of constructing parameterized algorithms for optimal programmed control, which utilizes fundamental regularities of the subject area. It is shown that the sought controller equations are reduced to linear laws with constraints for feedbacks based on incomplete observation of the state of an object with non-stationary transfer coefficients, which are determined by a preliminary calculation of the programmed control action.

The problem of functional observer design for dynamic systems described by nonlinear differential equations under external disturbances is considered. Relations that allow design of the observer of a reduced-order-dimensional invariant with respect to the disturbances and estimating the prescribed function of the state vector are derived. Theoretical results are illustrated by an example.

The MTSS simulation system implements the possibility of distributed simulation. To implement this feature, the HLA standard is used. As an example of the use of distributed simulation, a federation consisting of two federates is presented: a simulation model of a coal mine working face and a simulation model of a coal mine conveyor network.

The paper formulates a numerical algorithm for searching for optimal initial concentrations of substances in a catalytic reaction, which combines the principles of kinetic modeling and evolutionary calculations. The problem of optimal control of the catalytic reaction is formulated, where the control parameter is the vector of the initial concentrations of the initial substances. A step-by-step algorithm for solving the problem is described, which is based on the method of differential evolution. A computational experiment is carried out for the reaction of aminomethylation of thiols with the help of tetramethylmethanediamine. With the help of the above-described algorithm, the optimal concentrations of the initial substances are calculated, at which the highest value of the concentration of the reaction product is reached. It is shown that the calculated values of the initial concentrations of substances are consistent with the results of a chemical experiment.

Classical opto-acoustic receivers (OAR) are successfully used to solve a number of scientific and applied tasks, such as measuring weak optical radiation fluxes in the IR and THz ranges, quantitative and qualitative analysis of gas mixtures, and studies of absorption spectra of gases and vapors. The purpose, design, and evolution of the main structural elements of classical OAR are considered. The prospects of using single-layer graphene as the most promising material for creating membranes are analyzed. A significant increase in sensitivity is due to the exceptionally high elasticity of graphene combined with its high mechanical strength. It is shown that the use of a flexible membrane made of single-layer graphene reduces the OAR susceptibility to acoustic and vibration noise by more than three orders of magnitude without the use of any vibration protection devices. Due to the preservation of high elasticity by the graphene membrane at helium temperatures, the OAR operating range can be extended from 320 K to helium temperatures, which ensures reaching the theoretically maximum threshold sensitivity by reducing noise and opens up the possibility of wide application of the OAR for solving scientific problems of astrophysics and cosmology. Capacitive, optical, tunnel, and cantilever detectors of microdeformations of a flexible membrane are considered. It is shown that the maximum metrological characteristics of the OAR can be reached due to combining the unique capabilities of two developments: a membrane made of single-layer graphene and a tunnel microdeformation detector.

This article is a logical continuation of the previous analysis of the dynamic characteristics of adaptive optics systems operating in a turbulent atmosphere, in particular, the influence of such an important factor of an active corrector mirror as its hysteresis is analyzed. An analytical approach is used to calculate the requirements to the dynamic parameters of the feedback loop of an adaptive system for focusing laser radiation through a turbulent atmosphere. The possibilities of using control algorithms in adaptive optics systems based on the description of their operation as a constant delay control system are considered. A corrector mirror model is used, which takes into account the time delay between the time of the signal and the time of its processing. To estimate the frequency of operation of the adaptive optics system, an analytical expression is used that relates the maximum achievable level of correction by the Strehl parameter with the most important system parameters: the accuracy and frequency of the wavefront sensor and the aperture size of the optical system, as well as with atmospheric parameters: the Fried parameter and the wind speed. The differences between two types of tracking loops are analyzed: open and closed loops in adaptive optics systems.

The results of numerical simulation of the irradiation by parasitic radiation of a cooled matrix photodetector in a cryostat with different shapes and designs of the cold diaphragm are presented. The optimal shape of the cold diaphragm is found to be a cylinder with two internal blends (additional diaphragms). The level of irradiation of the matrix photodetector with parasitic radiation is about 9.82×10^-05 W/cm² with an uneven distribution over the area of about 3%.

A geometric model of an ideal F-Theta lens is proposed. The trajectory of the scanning spot movement along the scanning working field is calculated. The results of the study of several foreign lenses and lenses proposed by the authors in terms of deviations from the linear law and from the straightness of the trajectory are presented. The results of calculating a number of lenses for scanning working fields from 35x35 to 400x400 mm are reported.

In modern robotics, the questions of local navigation of mobile robots (MRs) providing the purposeful movement of the robot in an environment with obstacles gain all the most urgency. At the same time, the most popular are the methods of local navigation of the MR based on the use of artificial potential fields (PFs) generating virtual forces of "attraction" to the target and "repulsion" from obstacles. However, their application faces the problem of potential pits, which are local "traps" for MRs. The new method of potential guidance of the MR that is based on the concept of a "fairway" and allows one not only to solve the problem of "traps," but also to choose an optimal route of the robot's movements to the target is stated in the paper. The constructive aspects of the "fairway" method are discussed, and a virtual particle method is proposed to find the desired "fairway" on the map of force lines of the PF.