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Solving problems of environmental monitoring reasonably requires collecting, digitizing, storing, and analyzing a large amount of spatiotemporal data. Data processing often needs distributed computing. As a rule, there are no means to fully support such computing in the well-known geographic information systems. In the paper, we propose an approach to solving this problem based on integrating a geographic information system with tools for developing and using distributed scientific applications in a heterogeneous computing environment through representing applied software as web data processing services. We show the advantages of the proposed approach in reducing the complexity of preparing and carrying out experiments with geodata.

The problem of improving the synchronization accuracy of three-phase voltages of an autonomous four-wire inverter with a network is considered. Increasing the synchronization accuracy is achieved by applying a proportional-integral-differential (PID) resonant controller. A new structure of the PID resonant controller and a methodology for calculating its parameters are proposed. The peculiarity of the proposed approach consists in the application of the time-scale separation method, which makes it possible to calculate the PID-component of the controller regardless of the choice of the parameters of its resonant components. Application of this approach to the calculation of the controller of autonomous voltage inverters makes it possible to improve electromagnetic compatibility and reduce losses in distributed power generation systems. The results of numerical simulation are presented.

A constructive technology for solving parametrizable problems of two-channel time-optimal boundary control of two physically inhomogeneous objects with distributed parameters described by linear heat conduction equations under conditions of a given accuracy of uniform approximating the resultant spatial distribution of the controlled variable to the desired state is proposed. The two objects are considered under conditions of perfect thermal contact of interacting surfaces. The developed technology uses a special method for describing the studied temperature fields in a form containing uniformly converging series. The developed approach is based on the parametrization procedure of the sought control actions and subsequent reduction to a special form of the task of semi-infinite optimization, which is solved by the scheme of the alternance method proposed earlier with an additional restriction on the same duration of the control process for two control actions.

In this paper, the possibility of stabilizing algorithm application for a linearized system “Double inverted pendulum” by means of the localization method is discussed. In order to reduce the complexity of the controller calculation procedure, a preliminary transformation of the object definition to the canonical basis is provided. Moreover, the control algorithm formulation in the form of a function of the canonical variables is suggested. The controller definition in a primitive basis is obtained via an inverse transformation of the canonical variables. It provides a possibility of issuing recommendations for the physical implementation of the system. In addition, it is needed to estimate the entire list of variables for creating the controller, but only the part of internal variables of the object can be measured. With the purpose of the variables’ estimation, three similar differentiators are proposed, which provides the possibility of estimating the total state vector. The designed controller guarantees the pendulum’s stabilization in a vertical position with a small angle of deviation. The main features of the designed system are shown by simulating the model in the MatLab Simulink integrated environment.

A possibility of using different ways of adjusting parameters of a proportional-integral-differential (PID) regulator in a system with a second-order object with a transport delay is discussed. According to the experimentally obtained acceleration parameter, the transfer function of the object and its parameters are determined, the quality indicators of the transient process are evaluated, and the synthesis task is formulated. Because of a significant delay of the control object, it is planned to investigate some ways of regulator tuning in order to choose the most appropriate one: Ziegler-Nichols’ method (frequency method), Chyn-Chrones-Resvik’s method, Kun’s method (fast adjustment), Stogestad’s method, and method of numerical optimization with various cost functions are investigated in this project. Based on the calculation results, the simulation of synthesized systems in the integrated MatLab Simulink and VisSim environments is performed. A comparison of graphs of transients obtained by using different methods is carried out. It is shown that, among all the approaches studied, only the numerical optimization method allows providing a transient process with desired properties at the output of a closed system.

In a number of systems for non-contact tracking of the gaze direction based on video data generated by a video camera, the gaze direction is determined by the mutual position of the centers of the pupil and the cornea of the eye. In the camera coordinate system, the three-dimensional coordinates of the cornea center can be calculated from the positions of glares created on the cornea surface by point sources of IR radiation rigidly connected to the camera. The paper considers a new method for estimating the three-dimensional coordinates of the cornea center from images of glares, generated by a pair of point radiation sources. It is shown that the problem comes down to solving one nonlinear equation, where the distance between the eye and the camera is much greater than the radius of the cornea. We present an iterative algorithm for estimating the coordinates of the cornea center, which ensures low computational costs. The results of the numerical experiment confirm the preservation of the estimates accuracy.

The article considers a new method for reconstructing images from holograms with high spatial resolution, based on hologram shifts by a value smaller than the aperture size. The method is based on the discretization equation obtained using generalized functions. Mathematical modeling of the process of restoring a high-resolution image from low-resolution holograms is carried out. The proposed method can be used to obtain digital holograms using a photodetector array with a low resolution. The method does not require a direct solution of a system of algebraic equations of high dimension.

The Petition of 1670 by the Old Believer Monk Avraamii (died 1672) is the most striking polemical work of the early Old Believers, which helped to struggle for abolishing Patriarch Nikon’s church reform. However, the study of the Petition is at an early stage nowadays, the same like a century ago. The main objective is to find out correlation of two known versions of the work. The author supposes that it is crucial to study the handwritten collection by Avraamii “The Christian Secure Shield of Faith” (1667-1669) (Avraamii included its great part in a revised form into the Petition) as well as other writings of the Monk and his associates (Deacon Fedor, Archpriest Avvakum, Geronty of Solovki) also included fragmentally into the Petition. The texts analysis allows confirming the hypothesis expressed previously by researchers that of the two currently known versions of this work the 1^st one should be recognized as the closest to the author’s text. This text version, different from the author’s one, previously published by N.I. Subbotin and most often cited in studies, has signs of purposeful processing. This makes it possible to consider the 2^nd version as a special variant of the Petition. However, the nature of its processing appears to be more complex than was thought previously. It is mainly expressed in rearrangement of the text fragments, and in several meaningful additions. It is proved that the co-creator of the Petition 2^nd version carried out coherent replacement of certain phrases and expressions. But the textological features of the 2^nd version indicate that it better preserved the text of the Petition’s sources in a number of cases. The author suggests that both versions are based on a common protograph, which means that a part of differences in the 2^nd version can be explained by individual manuscripts errors, not by the deliberate will of its creator.

The article discusses the participation and role of Archbishop Afanasy, a prominent hierarch of the Russian Orthodox Church, in the cases of two representatives of Russian culture of the second half of the XVII century - Peter Artemyev and Grigory Alekseevich Skibinsky. Both converted to the Catholic faith for the opportunity to study at universities in Europe, and after returning to Moscow faced persecution by the church authorities. The research material is a set of documentary and literary-journalistic texts representing a dossier on both church apostates (manuscripts of the late XVII - early XVIII centuries). The study concludes that Afanasy Kholmogorsky, despite his great distance from Moscow events, showed great interest in them and played a role in the affairs of both “apostates from piety”. Although the degree of his involvement was different in each cases. He carried out the supervisory and educational functions assigned to him by the church court in the case of Artemyev, who was exiled to Kholmogory. According to the archbishop’s replies included in the dossier, he regularly informed Patriarch Adrian about his conversations with Artemyev, a prisoner in Kholmogorsky prison, and expressed his negative opinion about the freethinker. Afanasy Kholmogorsky’s interest in the documents on the case of Grigory Skibinsky is evidenced by a note in the posthumous inventory of his library indicating that it contained some materials related to Skibinsky (at least there was his «penitential petition» addressed to Patriarch Adrian about the possibility of returning to the Orthodox Church). The author suggests that Afanasy Kholmogorsky could have become acquainted with Skibinsky case while being in Moscow for church business in 1697-1698. The archbishop’s interest in these materials may be related to the preparation of an extended edition of the book «The shield of faith» by Euphemy Chudovsky, as its curator and editor of the main text was Afanasy Kholmogorsky. Some materials related to cases of Peter Artemyev and Grigory Skibinsky were included in the additions to «The shield of faith».

The article deals with the scientific problem of understanding by the Old Believers in the XVIII century the need to justify their right for resolving issues of dogmatic theology. The first generation of the Old Belief defenders formulated the idea that after starting the church reform in Russia the humanity found itself on the verge of a catastrophe, which was assumed by Christian eschatological teaching. The country was declared to be the last frontier that defended the world from the final conquest by the Antichrist. The Vyg coomunity took advantage of this historical scheme stating that the Antichrist reigned in Russia and only the community existence retained hope to continue the mankind history. Realizing themselves as keepers of the Russian Church traditions, the Vyg community understood that the absence of priests naturally led to the inevitable transformations of the religious life. The article shows that they focused gradually on describing, or rather, forming their own traditions. Under such situation, the Vyg community was forced both to formalize its own traditions and discuss complex theological issues to justify new rules for the community’s religious life. The religious leaders wrote works devoted to solving the problems of dogmatic theology. Certainly, it was not on creating a doctrine system, but only on trying to resolve some theological issues. The analysis of “The Dogmatic Book” content compiled in the Vyg Old Believers community, led to the conclusion that this collection made an attempt to present the Old Believers’ individual works as a part of Orthodox dogmatic theology. This book’s author (Khludov`s collection, State Historical Museum, no. 272) managed to sum up the Vyg community’s views on dogmatic theology characterizing the Old Belief features.