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A new variety of Ti-clinohumite garnetites (‘garnet peridotites’) of the diamond-bearing Kumdy Kol terrane in the Kokchetav Massif has been studied. An ultrahigh-pressure phase, Ti-chondrodite, orthopyroxene and contrast-zoned garnets of retrograde zoning have been found in these rocks for the first time. Ti-chondrodite and orthopyroxene were not described in these rocks earlier, and garnet composition was supposed to be homogeneous. Based on the character of chemical zoning of garnet and orthopyroxene, the peak and three retrograde parageneses for these minerals have been distinguished. Using the garnet-orthopyroxene geothermobarometry, for the Kumdy Kol terrane, based on the quantitative P-T estimates of Ti-clinohumite garnetites, a detailed retrograde P-T trend has been constructed for the first time; this trend includes the UHP peak stage (55-57 kbar, 1075-1120 °С), and three stages of retrograde metamorphism under UHP (32 kbar, 830 °С), HP (21 kbar, 750 °С), and MP (12 kbar, 740 °С) conditions. For the Kumdy Kol terrane this is the most detailed Р-Т trend indicating subisothermal decompression during crustal rock exhumation from the mantle depths (~ 170 km) to the lower-crust conditions (~ 36 km). The above-mentioned mineralogical findings allowed reconstructing all the described metamorphism stages, using the same rock and various generations of the same minerals (garnet and orthopyroxene) formed at different stages of tectonometamorphic evolution of the Kumdy Kol terrane. Preservation of the relics for mineral zoning of the early metamorphic stages seemed to be due to high uplift velocities resulted in rapid decrease in P-T parameters and short duration of regressive metamorphism. The virtually complete identity of the obtained P-T trend for the Kumdy Kol terrane and the P-T trend for the Barchi terrane supports the idea of the common tectonometamorphic evolution of the whole western (diamond-bearing) part of the Kokchetav massif.

We present results of Pb-Pb geochronology and Sr- and C- chemostratigraphic study of limestones and dolomites of the Ara-Oshei Formation of the Tunka ridge in East Sayan. The δ¹³C value of the limestones varies from -0.6 to 2.3‰ PDB, the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio is within 0.70851-0.70864, and the Pb-Pb age is 521 ± 21 Ma (MSWD = 0.9). The δ¹³C value of the dolomites varies from -3.9 to 0.5‰ PDB, the ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratio is 0.70844-0.70882, and the Pb-Pb age is 417 ± 8 Ma (MSWD = 2.5). The U-Pb isotope system of the dolomites was disturbed during the geologic evolution of the region, which led to the rejuvenation of their Pb-Pb age in the Early Devonian. The obtained Sr-chemostratigraphic and Pb-Pb data show that the limestones of the Ara-Oshei Formation accumulated in the early Cambrian. This provides a reliable proof that the limestones are part of the Vendian-Cambrian sedimentary cover of the Tuva-Mongolian massif.

Coal fragments in basaltic melt were subjected to degassing, graphitization, and disintegration. As a result, the partial pressure of hydrocarbon (HC) fluids near xenoliths of graphitized coal in the melt increased, which provoked the sialic-mafic segregation of the basaltic melt, the formation of anorthosite-hortonolite association, and the separation of bitumens and ore mineral phases. The fluid-magmatic differentiation of the melt and the formation of ore phases were caused mostly by the reducing properties of HC fluids, their high affinity for metals, and their unique collective capability to adsorb microimpurities from the melt and rocks during migration and to form anomalous mineral and geochemical clusters at geochemical barriers. The diversity of ore mineral phases is due to the extraction of trace elements Fe, As, Ge, Sb, Sn, and S from coal and of Fe, Mg, Cu, Ni, Co, Pt, Pd, Rh, Au, and Ag microimpurities from the basaltic melt.

Complex analysis of jointing in the Morskoi fault zone rocks (Cisbaikalia) has been carried out to compare two principally different methods of tectonophysical reconstruction of paleostress tectonic field, by geologic-structural data. A new approach to the paragenetic analysis of statistic measurements for ‘mute’ joints has been used; this approach makes it possible to reconstruct the stress state in the local rock exposure and to understand whether it belongs to the fault zone of a certain morphogenetic type and orientation. The second approach to reconstruct the stress filed is the Angelier-Delvaux kinematic analysis, which allows us to calculate the stress tensor and determine the stress regime, based on the analysis of strike-slip vectors on joints. Using the two methods we obtained the stress state solutions of local and regional levels for the study area. The paragenetic analysis gave twice as many local solutions for the same number of observation points. This is due to different environments of the formation of jointing sets and slickenlines in time (stages of fault zone evolution) and space (closeness to the fault plane). Most of the local solutions of the kinematic analysis coincide with the identical solutions of the paragenetic method on the stress state of the first or second orders. We obtained by an order of magnitude more ‘new’ (not repeated in the other method) paragenetic solutions than kinematic ones. At the next hierarchic level, the paragenetic analysis made it possible to reconstruct the stress field and fault zones of a higher rank. The results of both methods involve several stages of tectonic evolution of the rock massif. The identical regional stress fields reconstructed by different methods seem to belong to one stage. The studied fragment of the Morskoi fault, according to both methods, was activated in the three most intensively pronounced settings: compression, left-lateral strike-slip, and extension. Strike-slip stresses are concentrated closer to the fault plane. Moreover, we also revealed submeridional extension and NW compression. The results of the stress field reconstruction using the two methods are compatible and, in general, successfully complement and justify each other; however, the paragenetic method gives more numerous and variable solutions, resulting in the transition to the regional level and construction of the map for the study area fault zones. Complex application of both methods is recommended.

The purpose of this study is to determine a morphologically pronounced fault-block structure identified with the neotectonic stage and compare it with sites with manifested exogenous processes, as well as modern and historical paleoseismicity in order to establish faults activated in the postglacial time. Based on the analysis of space images (Landsat-ETM+) and a digital elevation model (GTOPO-30), the territory of the Kola Peninsula and the adjacent part of North Karelia is subjected to morphostructural interpretation with identifying morpholineaments and an elementary block structure. It is shown by the analyzing the directions and extent of elementary, single (simple), and complex (echeloned, parallel conjugated, and imbricated) linear structures and their zones that both linear (fault) and areal (block) structures are characterized by a predominance of a single system of northwestern and northeastern differences with a clear dominance of the former and unimodal distribution of the extent of faults and the area of blocks, depending on their number. This indicates a single (recent) stage in the formation of the morphotectonic appearance of the territory and no discrete hierarchy the morphostructures. The degree of fragmentation of the territory at different depths is calculated depending on the number and extent of morpholineaments. It is determined that morpholineaments have a high degree of inheritance from Archean-Proterozoic structures (≈50%). Elementary morphotectonic blocks are grouped into composite blocks bounded by linear zones of great extent (100-600 km) having individual physiognomic features determined by fault patterns, which indicates the nature of the neotectonic dynamics and the degree of inheritance or reformation of the structural plan. The localization of manifestations of exogenous processes, epicenters of paleo-, historical, and modern earthquakes is determined on the basis of the analysis of topographic maps scaled at 1:100,000, catalogs of historical and paleoearthquakes, and the consolidated literature (including the data obtained by the authors of this study) on paleoseismic deformations. A geoinformation base is compiled, which is used to simulate the spatial distribution of endo- and exogenous signs of tectonic activity and compare it with the neotectonic fault-block structure. The spatial similarity of endogenous and exogenous activation zones and their confinement to faults, defined as activated in the postglacial time, are revealed. It is revealed that the following elements are most active in the postglacial-Holocene. First, flank elements on the Kola Peninsula along the Barents Sea coast, the Kandalaksha Bay shores, and the Gorlo Strait of the White Sea. Second, the central (nodal) part with the Khibiny and Lovozero massifs. Third, submeridional (transverse) secant structures separating the eastern part of the peninsula from the western part (Khibiny-Kola and Khibiny-Niva). The spatial parameters of the activated zones indicate a range of earthquake magnitudes M ≈ 6.5-7.5 generated by these structures both in the postglacial period and in the Neopleistocene as a whole.

The article is devoted to changing the role of a person in a changing social reality. The social background constructed to date has become a qualitatively defining marker and a bifurcation point for a profound change in the habitual way of life of society. In this regard, it is possible to state the formation of multilevel system-paradigm, socio-cultural shifts both in the social reality itself, the usual way of life, in the established pictures of the world of modern society, and in the minds of people. In this regard, the question arises about man as the main factor and at the same time the subject of ongoing transformations. Using the example of transhumanism as one of the actively developing practice-oriented philosophical trends, the author analyzes the main trends in changing attitudes towards a person, his role and place in social reality.

For a comprehensive study of the topic, several methods were used: analysis of messages in social media, telephone survey and focus group interviews. It was found that almost half of the respondents did not have a clear idea of what the right to health care includes; others envision the right as mostly free, high quality and accessible medical care. Authors identified the need of residents for medical care and assessed the volume of rights violations (January-September 2020). The study described the main behavioral strategies of population when faced with rights violation: avoiding the problem, solving the problem “on the spot”, solving the problem after violation. The study presents practical recommendations on organization and structure of channels for citizens’ appeal and awareness campaigns.

In this article, the author compares the effectiveness of TensorFlow detection models in solving the problem of detecting areas with eyes in human face photo. Experiments of two types were carried out: additional training of a pretrained detection model and training of the model from scratch. Face images from Flickr-Faces-HQ Dataset were used to form training and evaluation samples. The article describes the training parameters, shows classification and localization loss graphs, assesses the accuracy of the trained models, and also demonstrates the operation of the “SSD MobileNet V2 FPNLite 320×320” detection model trained from scratch, which received the highest accuracy scores after additional training and training from scratch. For programs with a requirement for IoU of detected objects greater than 0.5, the accuracy of the model is 99.9 %. The results of the experiments can be applied in various researches, that use the TensorFlow platform to detect objects in images, and only one class of objects is detected.

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the indicators characterizing the use of three types of information and communication technologies, namely wired and wireless Internet, own websites, as well as electronic data exchange by Russian organizations. The official information of Rosstat for 2020 was used as empirical data. Empirical data modeling was based on the density functions of the normal distribution. The study showed that about 78 % of organizations used the Internet, 44 % of organizations had their own websites, 49 % of them carried out electronic data exchange.

The article substantiates the scientific inconsistency of modern economic theory, which is based on the market model of production relations. It is proved that they have entered the final phase of their development - a digital format in which they reach their limit and must be replaced by a more progressive type of economic mechanism. It is verified that he must obey the action of the ethical laws of being, according to which the material basis and the mental superstructure of society constitute a single configuration that ensures the harmonious development of the individual. The article gives a description of the subject and method of alternative economics, as well as the most important principles that make up its foundation.