The complex research of typical section of genus Primula in flora of Russia is made. The herbarium collections are inspected critically, supervision over plants under natural conditions and in the conditions of an introduction are carry out. The seed surface sculpture characters are studied with help of scanning electronic microscope. Results of definition of nucleotide sequences of ITS-region of nuclear rDNA are involved. Conspectus of the section Primula for flora of Russia, including 4 subsections, 14 species and 1 subspecies is made. Th e phototypes for P. veris и P. juliae are published, P. elatior , P. heterochroma and P. ruprechtii are lectotyped. The new combination of subsectional rank is off ered: subsection Julianae (Fed. et A. Los.) Kovt.
Biological peculiarities and ontogenesis of Siberian Myricaria Desv. Species were studied. Research was conducted in the introduction nursery of the Laboratory of Dendrology, Central Siberian Botanical Garden and natural conditions during expeditions to the Altai and East Sayan Mountains. As a result, for the first time ontogenesis of Siberian Myricaria species has been studied and diagnosiscs of their ontogenetic stages have been given.
The system and conspectus of the genus Anoplocaryum species (tribe Eritrichieae, Boraginaceae ) with 2 sections are presented. The relict genus of tertiary mesophytic flora is present by 4 species. All species prefer shady damp crevices and foundation of granite rocks in mountain taiga zone and are distributed in East Siberia and Mongolia. Information about nomenclature and typification, data on ecology and geographical distribution, comments, map of areas, photos of nutlets, stipules and plants in nature, lists of examine specimens, as well as the key for determination of all taxons are given. In result of taxonomical revision new section Tenella is described, holotypes of 3 species are established, areas for all species are precised. New combination Microula brandisii is offered and lectotype is chosen. Recomendations for guarding of species are given.
The attempt of local floras (LF) types division in Middle Siberia North by their latitudinal element proportions with application of cluster analysis is initiated. For this purpose the lists of 82 LF are used, as by author’s generated, as well as by taken from literature sources. Cluster borders, marked on the map in tundra zone, corresponds with generally accepted zone borders. Accordingly with range of latitudinal fractions, the next types of LF are divided: high arctic, arctic, hypoarctic and boreal.
In the article there is a characteristic of psammo-steppes in three index plots (Katkovo, Bezimyannoe, Peschanoe) of eastern coast of Lake Baikal. In the phytocoenosises dominate not only species of psammophyte ecology – Bromopsis korotkiji (Drobow) Holub, Carex sabulosa Turcz. ex Kunth, Oxytropis lanata (Pall.) DC., but also mountainsteppe xeropetrophytes, like Artemisia ledebouriana Besser, Phlojodicarpus sibiricus (Fisch. ex Spreng.) K.-Pol. Th e analysis of typical phytocoenosises of psammo-steppes by the method of ecological ordination has brought out their peculiarities. In the result, psammo-steppe associations of Katkovo in comparison with other index plots on ecological conditions became more homogenous by structure and floristic composition. That is why there is the largest diversity of psammo-steppes, here developed ancient aeolian-deflation forms of relief. In vegetation marked all the basic stages of psammosuccessions with forming the constant by floristic composition and structure coenoses of psammo-steppes. Th e coenoflora of the psammo-steppes consist of 40 species of the higher vascular plants. The part of common species on this three index plots is 8 species (20 %). The originality to the flora adds the endemics – Craniospermum subvillosum Lehm., Astragalus sericeocanus Gontsch., Festuca rubra ssp. baicalensis (Griseb.) Tzvelev.
The maintenance of biologically active substances (flavonols, catechins, tannins, carotinoids, ascorbic acid, pectin substances, saponins) in leaves of Matteuccia struthiopteris (L.) Tod., collected in vicinities of Novosibirsk during the vegetative period is defined. In the sprouts used in food, in comparison with adult plants, it is more flavonols, catechins, tannins, pectin substances, saponins and simple sugars, however there are less carotinoids (provitamin A) and the ascorbic acid (vitamin C) which peak of the maintenance is established in the middle of summer.
The results of quantitative composition of spare substances and of the groups combinations in the vegetative organs of Erythronium sibiricum (Fischer et Meyer) Krylov . are represented . Dynamics of accumulation of sugars, starch, saponins, ascorbic acid, pectins, protopectins, catechins, tannins in bulbs and leaves E. sibiricum is showed. Researches of the component composition of E. sibiricum introduced in the forest-steppe area of West Siberia for the fi rst time are conducted.
T.I. Novikova
Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Zolotodolinskaya str., 101 tin27@mail.ru
Keywords: биотехнология, биоразнообразие растений, стратегии сохранения, технологии сохранения in vitro, biotechnology, plant biodiversity, conservation strategies, in vitro conservation technologies
Conservation of plant genetic resources in in vitro collections is becoming an essential contribution of biotechnology in ex situ conservation strategies. A wide range of biotechnological approaches are utilized in this fi eld including tissue culture techniques, DNA-markers analysis, cryopreservation protocols for in vitro collection of materials, micropropagation and characterization of regenerants, conservation, documentation and exchange of germplasm.
