Home – Home – Jornals – Geography and Natural Resources 2025 number 4

The species diversity of geomorphological processes involved in reshaping the topography of tidal river mouth areas has been identified. The geodynamic situation in the lower reaches of almost two hundred rivers flowing into the seas and having tidal heights of 2 meters or more at their mouths has been analyzed. It is shown that the river mouth areas of the estuarine-delta type are distinguished by the greatest diversity in the succession of river sections with different morphodynamic river channel types. The study was conducted at various levels, focusing both on identifying general patterns of channel formation in delta and estuarine areas and on determining the leading processes that carry out modelling of coastal geosystems with the direct participation of marine processes. At the macrolevel, the main types of morphodynamic processes involved in the morpholithogenesis of river mouth areas at all stages of their formation were identified. At the mesolevel, the varieties of morphodynamic channel types identified within the areas themselves were determined. It is shown that the leading processes influencing the development of valley geosystems of tidal rivers are water-logging, slope slumping, suffusion, and sheet erosion on channel scarps and sides of erosion forms. A special group of processes not encountered outside the tidal river mouth areas consists of wave erosion from the developing tidal bore and sediment accumulation at the upper limit of the spread of tidal processes. In terms of the nature of manifestations and geomorphological processes that determine the modeling of tidal river banks, their reshaping is largely consistent with the development of banks in the lower reaches of reservoirs and, to a much lesser extent, with the formation of lowland river channels.