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We discuss the results of measurements in the region of Cape Baranov (the Severnaya Zemlya archipelago) of the set of physical-chemical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol: aerosol optical depth, aerosol and black carbon concentrations, elemental and ion composition of aerosol, organic and elemental carbon contents in aerosol, and isotopic composition of carbon in the aerosol and snow samples. It is shown that the average values of the most aerosol characteristics, measured in April-June 2018, are much lower than in the Arctic settlement Barentsburg (Spitsbergen archipelago) and several-fold smaller than in the south of Western Siberia in the same period of time.

The new data on the surface atmospheric black carbon (BC) concentration derived from continuous daily sampling during October 2017 - March 2018, that is, cold half year without wildfires as BC sources, in the remote area of Pechora-Ilych Nature Biosphere Reserve are analyzed. Average BC concentrations (with standard deviations) are equal to (296 ± 172) and (175 ± 82) ng/m³ for settlement Yaksha and in its neighborhood, respectively. Monthly average BC concentrations measured are compared with related monthly average satellite data (https://giovanni.gsfc.nasa.gov/giovanni/). A good agreement between them may be regarded as their inter-calibration and confirms the reliability of both result types. The analysis of air mass trajectories at the observation point shows the main anthropogenic BC sources to be situated at a distances of less than 500 km in industrial areas of the Central Urals, gas and oil production areas of Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District, towns and settlements of Perm region, Udmurtia, and Komi Republic.

The theoretical approach for calculations of fractal-like particles characteristics on the basis of gas-kinetic results for homogeneous spheres is presented. It consists in replacement of a real fractal aggregate by an equivalent sphere with the mobility radius and approximations of the density and heat conductivity of the aggregate by their effective values. The validity of the method has been confirmed in the comparison with the known experimental data. The theory suggested has two important restrictions: fractal aggregate should consist from a great number of primary particles (100 and more) and primary particles should be monodisperse. Violation of these conditions leads to considerable divergence between theoretical and experimental results.

Trends in aerosol optical thickness (AOT) in Moscow are determined based on long-term (2002-2016) AERONET network observations. The trend in AOT at a wavelength of 550 nm (AOT₅₅₀) is characterized by the negative sign in warm season. It is shown that trends in AOT are negative and have different values in different months. The largest negative trend is in April, if the impact of forest fires in other months of the warm season is neglected. The joint analysis of changes in AOT₅₅₀ and indices of atmospheric circulation is performed. It is shown that the Scandinavian index has an additional effect on the interannual changes in AOT₅₅₀ in April. It is ascertained that fine weakly-absorbing aerosol is the most representative for Moscow. No pronounced changes in the frequency of aerosol types have been identified in recent decades.

The adsorption layer of aerosol microparticles from cassiterite mainly containing tin dioxide is studied under ambient conditions, as well as the kinetics of dark and photoinduced processes. The quantum yield of carbon dioxide photodesorption is estimated and its spectral dependence is derived. Carbon dioxide photodesorption is observed in the intrinsic absorption region of tin dioxide; it is one of the stages of carbon monoxide photocatalytic reaction.

The article considers topical theoretical issues of the methodological justification for transition to a new level of the technological mode with the use of digitization tools via robot automation of production processes. The statistical data dynamics was presented to prove the importance and perspective of resource development in Russia as well as the possibility of energy export to other countries. The use of robots in the technological process of open-pit coal mining is proved by mathematical method of the fuzzy sets theory and indicators of the transformation structural changes.

The article studies the development of self-employment in personal subsidiary economy in Novosibirsk region. The development of self-employment is related to solution of the problems of rural population employment and unemployment reduction. Self-employment offers rural people an opportunity to find worthy occupation to realize their knowledge and skills, it also facilitates their adaptation in difficult situation in life and material security, while helping the state to stand against unemployment. The research is based on the results of the surveys of unemployed and self-employed people in personal subsidiary economy. Survey and questioning formed the method of the research. The goal of the article is carrying out comparative analysis of the opinions of unemployed and selfemployed people in personal subsidiary economy regarding various aspects, identification of problems and positive results of the transition to self-employment, as well as necessary help and support on the part of the state authorities. The plans of unemployed people regarding motives, spheres of activities, forms of organization, help and support were compared against the opinion of self-employed people in personal subsidiary economy. The conclusion was drawn that self-employment in personal subsidiary economy is an essential outlook of active policy of rural population employment and it is of high social importance. Further development of this outlook of active policy of rural population employment is needed since it facilitates increment in activity, self-esteem raising, improvement of living conditions of unemployed people, and in general it contributes to their return to society and social unrest reduction.

The article considers the issues of the conceptual framework related to the «adaptation » concept and its derived concepts («social adaptation» and «sociocultural adaptation»). The attempt was made to explain the reasons of occurrence of polysemantics ofeach term in retrospect. The article underlines the need for clear distinction between both terms from one another and from other terms which are used mostly in ethno-sociological studies. A certain set of conditions is registered to form valid conceptual framework, representing hierarchic interrelations between the concepts. The idea of «concept matrix» is offered.

The article presents a statistical analysis of economic indicators at the regional and national level, and their relationship is identified and justified. The role and degree of participation of the transport and logistics component in the process of production and sales of products has been determined. The structure of warehouse costs is studied, the interrelation of transport, material and information flows is revealed. An algorithm for the implementation and use of the WMS system (Warehouse Management System) has been developed. A correction scheme has been compiled and calculations are presented that allow to evaluate the complex results from the use of the WMS functional in optimizing the motivation and payroll system for the warehouse terminal employees.

Electromagnetic measurements of the particle velocity are performed in a situation when the detonation wave reaches the interface between a high explosive (HE) powder and a window made of an inert material (Plexiglas). PETN, RDX, and HMX with densities close to the natural bulk density are studied. As it is necessary to measure not only the averaged velocity profile, but also possible fluctuations at scales of the order of the HE grain size, a method of measurements by small sensors with the working arm length approximately 1 mm is developed and tested. In most experiments, profiles with clear chemical spikes are obtained; in some of the measured results, however, the chemical spike cannot be identified on the background of sharp signal oscillations, which may be considered as manifestation of the nonclassical mechanism of wave propagation (explosive combustion in Apin's classification). As compared with the previous study, the present results suggest parallel operation of the shock and convective mechanisms with domination of each mechanism at certain segments of the wave front.