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Chaotically localized isolated small bodies of metaultrabasic rocks have been found in the quartzite-schist strata of the Ilmeny metamorphic complex in the South Urals. These are metamorphosed rootless blocks and lumps of serpentinite melange within the so-called Urazbaevo olistostrome. Sometimes they contain lumpy inclusions of massive anorthite gabbroids with gabbro, ophitic, and cumulative textures, free of crystallization schistosity, and of different mineral compositions. The rocks have abnormally high contents of Al2O3, CaO, MgO, and REE and low contents of SiO2 and are characterized by weak secondary alteration. Seldom, inclusions of hornblendites, along with anorthite, spinel, apatite, enstatite, diopside, and rutile, are present. Some gabbroid and hornblendite bodies have abnormally high contents of REE, with a strong predominance of LREE (81-93% of the total REE). The maximum contents of REE have been established in zoisite amphibolites (170-850 ppm) and apatite-garnet-containing hornblendites (up to 450 ppm). The conclusion has been drawn that the rocks formed in the basement of the Earth’s crust and got with protrusions of serpentinite melange to the surface.

Four heterochronous spore and pollen complexes (SPC) have been identified in the deposits of the submarine Yamato Rise: SPC-1 (Early Miocene), SPC-2 (the end of Early and the beginning of the Middle Miocene), SPC-3 (Middle-Late Miocene), and SPC-4 (Late Miocene). Pollen of various woody plants dominates in SPC-1; the families of gymnosperms (Pinaceae) also prevail in this complex. The climate was moderate and humid because of the proximity to the water area. The complex SPC-2 differs from SPC-1 in the highly increased role of thermophile angiosperms due to the impact of the climatic optimum between the Early and Middle Miocene. The complex SPC-3 is distinguished by the diversity and predominance of broad-leaved woody plants. Gymnosperms are mainly represented by pine families. The composition of palynoflora points to a dissected relief and the burial of pollen not far from the places of its growth. Gymnosperms with a predominance of the Taxodiaceae family are characteristic of SPC-4. The SPC-4 composition is indicative of humid habitat conditions, marshy shoreland, and pollen burial in places of plants growth. The climate was moderate and humid. Palynological investigation suggests the existence of a dry land in the area of the current Yamato Rise throughout the Miocene. The relief was highly dissected and mountainous in the Early and early Middle Miocene; then, the relief roughness and firm-land area reduced dramatically.

The dynamics of the energy structure of seismicity on the southwestern flank of the Baikal Rift System (BRS) was analyzed at three hierarchical levels based on annual and accumulated total data on KP ≥ 8 earthquakes that took place in 1964-2013. The state changes are characterized by three main parameters: the maximum energy class (Kmax), the slope of the earthquake recurrence plot (γ), and seismic activity A10. With an increase in the period and number of analyzed earthquakes, the parameters reach the limiting values reflecting stable regularities in the long-term distribution of shocks by classes. Two attractors are recognized in the phase pattern, which reflect the total quasi-stationary state (limit cycle) and local instability (focus) of the energy structure of seismicity. The specifics of the attractor formation suggest that the dynamics of the system includes a cycle birth bifurcation (Andronov-Hopf bifurcation). For a detailed analysis of the dynamics of formation of the energy structure of seismicity, we calculated the slopes of the earthquake recurrence plots in the model scenarios of “aftershock” and “swarm” series of shocks. Comparison of the model and real changes in the slopes shows that the “aftershock” model corresponds to the dynamics of the energy structure of seismicity of the lithosphere on the southwestern flank of the BRS.

The article discusses a methodological approach to constructing a model for optimized planning of the operation of businesses, firms, corporations in industrial clusters based on the enterprise economic concern. The research is associated with devising mechanisms to manage the development of enterprises and corporations within their integration. This raises many organizational-economic problems: rationalizing intra-corporate transfer prices, determining synergistic, system effect and its distribution among the cluster participants, assessing the efficiency of innovative-investment projects, financial innovations and other developments. The most effective manufacturing organization is for a group of industrial firms combined into a cluster to issue complex, high-value-added science-intensive products with solvent demand not only in the domestic market, but also abroad. Therefore, it is quite difficult to design a generalized mechanism that would solve the presented tasks without studies modeling such processes. The authors develop a research and methodological approach to creating an effective system of intra-corporate planning of operation and development of an industrial cluster while coordinating integration among its enterprises with the use of a model for optimized strategic management of high-tech business development within the industrial cluster management platform. The formation of clusters is an important element of the region’s industrial policy. The results of practical calculations show the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism for managing the development of industrial clusters.

A non-catalytic reaction of hydrogen interaction with sulfur dioxide is studied. It is found that this reaction in fact is a chain reaction of hydrogen oxidation by sulfur dioxide resulting in the formation of elementary sulfur. A mechanism of this reaction is proposed. The reaction is studied under static conditions in the temperature interval from 350 to 500oC at a pressure of the reactingmixture with a stoichiometric composition equal to 300 torr. The numerical kinetic analysis of the mechanism is consistent with experimental data.

The present paper describes the development of two reduced kinetic schemes suitable for multidimensional turbulent flame simulations in high-temperature oxidation of methane. Formal reduction of the USC Mech II C1-C4 detailed kinetic model by using the directed relations graph mechanism results in a 31-species derivative scheme for lean to near-stoichiometric conditions. To deduce a still shorter, simpler, and less stiff kinetic model, further species elimination is based on combined sensitivity and chemical time scale information to arrive at a 22-species scheme. The kinetic rates of lumped reactions are here expressed as simple Arrhenius rates, avoiding nonlinear algebraic combinations of excluded elementary steps or species. The accuracy is maintained by tuning pre-exponential constants in the global Arrhenius rate expressions and computing a range of target data. A more compact, quasi-global 14-species scheme is subsequently formulated by modeling fuel decomposition to a methyl radical pool, followed by CH3 oxidation with O and OH toward CH2 and CO, and retaining a full CO/H2/O2 subset. The C2-chain with recombination of CH3 into C2H6 and production of C2H2 is also represented in both schemes. Equilibrium 0D and 1D propagating premixed flames and axisymmetric co-flowing lifted laminar jet flames are computed through an iterative validation process. Accompanying computations with the USC Mech II mechanism, as well as available experimental results, are exploited for optimization. The comparisons demonstrate that the derived schemes ensure satisfactory agreement with data over the investigated parameter space.

The heat of combustion and standard the formation enthalpy of 3,4-bis (4-azidofurazan-3-yl) furoxan (DAzFF) and 4-azido-4'$-nitro-3,3':4','3'-terfurazan (AzNTF) were experimentally determined. Thermodynamic analysis was performed to investigate the efficiency of these compounds as potential components of metal-free composite solid propellants based on an active binder with the possibility of introducing an additional small additive oxidant with a high oxygen content, such as ammonium perchlorate.

A negative erosive effect arises in the simulation of combustion due to a generated turbulent motion in the gasification zone of a solid energy material. A thermal energy in the gasification zone comprises the heat of chemical sources in it and the heat coming up to the gasification surface from the flame zone in a gaseous phase. Some of this energy returns to the gaseous phase in the form of the mechanical energy of turbulent motion, and this turbulence cools down the gasification zone. This model is used to explain the weakening of the negative erosive effect, observed in the experiments, with increasing pressure and decreasing initial temperature.

This paper presents the results of study of combustion processes in the Cu(NO3)2-Al(NO3)3-H2O - PVA system, the composition and characteristics of the phases formed, the influence of heat treatment conditions on phase formation and particle size of the powders. It is shown that the combustion of organic-inorganic mixtures can be used to obtain CuO/Al2O3 catalysts or precursors of CuO/Al2O3catalysts and copper-matrix composites for electrical contacts.

The burning rate and limits of ribbons rolled from mixtures of titanium with boron were determined as a function of the concentration of boron. The combustion of single ribbons near the lower limit is unsteady and has a two-zone structure across the width of the ribbons, due to the difference in burning and cooling rates between the edges of the ribbons and its middle. With increasing boron concentration in the mixture, the combustion becomes steady-state and the front becomes more even. Maximum burning rate of the ribbons is achieved at a boron concentration of 21-25% in the mixture.