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According to 2D magnetotelluric (MT) data from northeastern and southeastern Altai, numerous neotectonic faults cut the Gorny Altai territory as a whole, as well as large basins within its limits, into blocks. Large neotectonic faults are traceable depthward in MT-based cross sections as zones of very low resistivities (below 0.5 Ohm·m). The MT data generally confirm the fault geometry inferred previously from morphotectonic and geological evidence. Fault plane dips are vertical in normal and strike-slip faults and inclined in reverse faults. The nearly vertical and dipping zones of neotectonic faults crosscut a horizontal conductivity anomaly at depths of 10-15 km. The anomaly makes a natural divide between the zones of brittle crustal failure above and ductile downward pressing of material below. It may be responsible for the high tectonic and seismic activity potential of the upper lithosphere in Gorny Altai associated with growth of mountains and crust thickening. Beneath the Chuya and Kurai large basins, the conductivity anomaly occurs at a shallow depth of 10 km and has a resistivity below 10 Ohm·m.

The general basement subsidence trend in the Tunka rift is locally interrupted by uplift (basin inversion). The inversion uplift causes deformation to basin sediments and shows up in the surface topography as morphostructures of two types. Inversion in the area is either part of rifting, when the subsidence-to-uplift change is driven by the rifting mechanism, or perturbs the rifting trend as superposed Gobi-type mountain growth, but is never associated with change from continental rifting to other tectonic setting. The presence of buried erosion cutouts in the rift valley floor indicates that wave-like vertical motions, with erosion during uplift and deposition in the erosion cutouts during subsidence, superpose on differentiated (orogenic) motions. The latest phase of basin inversion acted in the Tunka rift in the second half of the Late Pleistocene-Holocene, and the amount of uplift varied from a few tens to a few hundreds of meters. The highest 300 m uplift was in the Tor rift basin, as estimated from relative elevation of its ~55 ka sediments. In general, inversion uplift occurred over 40 % of the Tunka basin area (872 km2 of 2240 km2), and about 450 km2 of this uplift (49 % of the uplifted area or 20 % of the rift valley floor) grew by the Gobi-type mechanism. Quaternary sediments lie with a hiatus upon the Neogene strata in almost all sedimentary sections of basin margins, thus indicating that the deposition area reduced for a long period in the rift history and reached the former extent only in the earliest Late Pleistocene.

We present a new model of crustal deformation in the Pamir-Tien Shan region. There are two different ways of assessing the deformation: block and continuum modeling. In this study we adopt a continuum modeling approach, which is based on computation of the two-dimensional strain rate tensor field of the Earth’s crust. This approach allows independent computation of the deformation at any point of the computation grid by solving an over-constrained system of linear algebraic equations based on the linear term of the Taylor series expansion of any geoenvironment point velocity function about its radius-vector. We propose a detailed description of this method including a significance criterion introduced by the author for estimating the reliability of modeling results. We discuss the parameters of this deformation model for the Pamir-Tien Shan region, computed from the GPS velocity data measured at 506 sites of the Central Asian GPS network. The most distinctive features of the estimated strain field are N-S shortening of the largest basins in the Tien Shan and at the junction between the Pamir and Tien Shan, as well as the westward motion of the eastern and western boundaries of the Pamir relative to the Tarim plate and Tajik depression.

Experimental and methodological works were carried out by the thermomagnetic geochemical method (TMGM), one of geoelectrochemical methods, within the Svetlyi Bor platiniferous massif (Central Urals). We have analyzed the results of observation along two (search and test) profiles. The known distribution of platinum contents along the ditch in the test profile confirmed the effectiveness of the used method and made it possible to recognize the best indicators of platinum from the geoelectrochemical research data. The obtained results helped to reveal PGE-promising areas and suggested the presence of deep-seated “blind” orebodies.

Several metallogenic belts were earlier recognized by S.S. Smirnov in Transbaikalia rich in polymetallic endogenous mineralization. Despite the continuing geological and geophysical studies in the region, the borders of these belts are still hotly debatable. The results of geophysical and seismic tomographic studies in East Asia (where a stagnant oceanic slab was discovered in the mantle transition zone) and the location of highly productive ore-magmatic systems in the regional Earth’s crust testify to the spatial coincidence of the projection of the frontal part of the slab and the Dalainor-Gazimur-Olekma mineragenic zone. Most of large and superlarge ore nodes and fields with Au, Mo, U, Pb-Zn, Cu, and fluorite mineralization are localized in this zone. The difficult problem of mineragenic regionalization here can be solved by proving the probable influence of mantle fluid flows formed near the frontal part of the slab on the formation of highly productive ore-magmatic systems of the above zone oriented orthogonally to the earlier recognized belts. The experience gained during the comprehensive studies of minerageny not only in eastern Transbaikalia but also in other ore-bearing provinces can be used to choose ore-promising areas for prediction, prospecting, and assessment works.

The article analyzes changes in the spatial distribution of regional banks and branches of Moscow and regional banks in Russia over the period of2000-2016. It has been established that the differences in bank concentration around the subjects of the Russian Federation are related to their institutional characteristics and not only to their economic potential. We provide the results of a quantitative evaluation of the effect that these factors exert on the dynamics of the number of regional banks and branches of banks. The calculations also show that the localization of regional banks and branches of Moscow banks varies by periods: from 2000 to 2009 and from 2010 till present. Before 2009, regional banks were more numerous in regions with republican status, relatively independent regional authorities, and prominent national and ethnic characteristics; they based their operations on the local labor market and educational potential of the population. Since 2010, the local institutional environment has become worse at protecting the regional banking network from Moscow banks. Republican status and local conditions no longer hamper the expansion of Moscow banking networks as much as they used to before.

The structure of a premixed flame of syngas (H₂/CO/O₂/Ar = 0.0667/0.0667/0.0667/0.8) of stoichiometric composition stabilized on a flat burner at a pressure of 5 atm was studied experimentally and by numerical simulation. The chemical-kinetic mechanisms for the oxidation of a H₂/CO mixture proposed in the literature. Good agreement was found between the results of the experiment and simulation. Calculations of the flame structure of the same composition at a pressure of 1 and 10 atm were performed to establish the effect of the pressure on the chemical reaction kinetics in the syngas flame. The results were explained by kinetic analysis of the mechanisms.

This paper describes the problem of the behavior of a mixture of small graphite particles with water in the conditions of shock-wave action at a pressure of 32 GPa and a temperature of up to 1200-1600 K. Graphite particles at these pressures and temperatures are capable of transforming into cubic diamonds or at least into their hexagonal form that is lonsdaleite. It is shown that, for sufficiently small graphite particles of the order of 1 m, their mixture with water for about 10  m can heat up to the above-mentioned temperatures and undergo phase transformation, remain in those conditions for about 50 ms, and then efficiently cool down during the next 50s to the temperatures below 300 K, while remaining in the diamond phase.

X-ray diffraction of particle fluxes formed by shaped charges with a combined steel liner consisting of a hemisphere and a cylinder with a hemispherical part of degressive thickness (decreasing from top to bottom). It has been found experimentally that the transition from a constant to a degressive thickness of the hemispherical part increases the velocity of the head portion of the jet flow of the liner material formed during its compression, which is subsequently cut off during collapse of the cylindrical part. The maximum velocity of the particles obtained as a result of <cutoffs> in experiments was 8.6 km/s.

Analytical formulas are obtained for calculating the limiting penetration velocity of two-layer cermet and ceramic-organoplastic targets that take into account the structural characteristics of the target and the physical and mechanical properties of the impactor and target materials. Using these formulas, the ballistic stability of targets were studied, and the possibility of optimizing their structure was shown. Received the results agree qualitatively with available experimental data. The optimal relative thickness of the ceramic layer which provides the maximum penetration velocity was determined in the range of the surface density of the target 30-50 kg/m² for different substrate materials. It turned out that these velocity values depend weakly on the surface density of the target and are mainly determined by the properties of the substrate material.