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Time-optimal algorithms of localization of pulsed-point sources randomly distributed over the search interval and detected due to generation of instantaneous pulses (delta functions) at random time instants are developed. Optimal search procedures ensure prescribed accuracy of localization and depend on the number of receivers in the detector.

Computationally simple algorithms are proposed to estimate the local frequency vector of a real two-dimensional signal with slowly varying parameters in the presence of additive Gaussian noise. The rough most likely estimate of the frequency vector is refined using three-point interpolation algorithms and the singular value decomposition of a $3\times 3$ matrix of discrete Fourier transform coefficients. The results of computer simulation are presented showing the efficiency of the algorithms for analyzed fragments of small size.

This paper describes the method for determining the three-dimensional velocity vector of the flow using the laser Doppler measurements of unevenly sampled components. This method is based on the filtering and linear interpolation of the measured velocity components in the circuit channels. It is shown in the numerical simulation and physical experiment that the method error does not exceed 2 % and the results of interpolation with respect to the closest points are several times greater.

An eddy current testing method based on the use of an exciting signal of special shape is proposed. Subsequent digital processing the detected output signal enables calculation of the measuring sensor parameters at different frequencies and construction of an experimental hodograph of the sensor-test object system. Experiments performed for materials with different physical and geometrical characteristics of hodograph construction have shown that the proposed method provides a reliable separation of the main factors affecting the results of multi-frequency eddy current measurement. The results can be used in automated systems for diagnostics and non-destructive testing of materials and products.

This paper considers issues related to the identification of the parameters and form of the probability density of generally non-Gaussian additive and multiplicative noise affecting the signal. The results of numerical simulation of methods for estimating the information parameters of random processes with non-Gaussian probability density function for the final sample.

An algorithm of fatigue crack detection in optical images taken in fatigue tests of materials is proposed and tested. The algorithm is designed for automation of measurements of the crack propagation parameter and tracing the crack tip position in the course of cyclic loading for the purpose of shifting the optical system with respect to the examined sample surface to the “region of interest”. It is found that the coordinates of the image fragment containing the crack can be determined with a mean error of 1,93 % of the total size of the raster. Testing of the algorithm on model images shows that the mean error of determining the crack tip position is smaller than 56 pixels.

This paper touches upon the synthesis of high-quality images in real time and the technique for specifying three-dimensional objects on the basis of perturbation functions. The recurring search method for the image elements of functionally set objects with use of graphic accelerators is proposed. The advantages of such an approach over the frame-buffer visualization method are shown.

The study objective is to compare prerequisites, course and consequences of implementing the “Virgin project” in 1954 in Kazakhstan and Siberia. The article main tasks are the following: to analyze the prehistory of large-scale development of virgin and fallow lands, to determine features of adopting and realizing the virgin program, to identify and assess short-, medium- and long-term consequences of this action for the grain economy of studied regions. The work is based on the documents collections of the federal archives, data of archival and published statistics of the USSR, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan. The research findings are that the idea of mass development of virgin and fallow lands at the USSR east, which was actively promoted by N.S. Khrushchev in 1953, was not new and perceived with skepticism in the regions. It was treated with doubt in the Kazakh SSR, where it was planned to explore the largest areas of virgin lands. However, the “Virgin project” was supported by the West Siberian regions, and its implementation began. The development of virgin and fallow lands turned into a large-scale national economic-political action with significant consequences. Short-term results of the campaign were impressive. Quantitative indicators of developing the virgin land cultivation were quite high, but this could not be said about its qualitative characteristics, which were extremely important for consolidating the achieved successes. Therefore, in the medium term, the mobilization development of virgin and fallow lands did not ensure the non-recessionary development of agriculture. The long-term consequences of the action had the following specificity. Thanks to the virgin campaign, Kazakhstan has become a major supplier of bread to the all-Union food fund, and after the USSR collapse - into a significant grain exporter. There was a different situation in Siberia, in the long term perspective the virgin land gave it less than to Kazakhstan.

The paper reconstructs the history of the Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics of Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences in Novosibirsk in 1957-1964. The formation of the Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics dates back to the mid-1940s, when a sector, and later a department, of Technical Physics in the structure of the West Siberian Branch (WSB) of the USSR Academy of Sciences led by Prof. G.V. Krivoshchekov was organized. The Department was focused on solving the problems of the rapidly growing industrial potential of Siberia. Yu. B. Rumer, an outstanding theoretical physicist, who moved to Novosibirsk in 1950, contributed greatly to the development of physics fundamental research. In 1957, the Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics was created as a part of WSB. Yu. B. Rumer was its director from 1957 to1964. It is concluded that after organizing the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences the growth rate of the personnel potential of the Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics increased substantially and important results were obtained in a number of academic fields. The resource base of the Institute became much stronger, and new equipment was purchased. At the same time, a complex of subjective and objective factors caused the Institute reorganization in 1964. The paper shows the research potential significance of the Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics for the further development of scientific fields in institutions of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences and other research centers. Despite the fact that the Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics had existed only for seven years, it left a notable mark in the history of the Russian academic science. The scientists of the Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics were the founders of new scientific trends, they obtained world-class results and were awarded prestigious prizes and tributes. Further studies are required to find out, whether there was an opportunity to preserve the Institute of Radiophysics and Electronics as an independent institution.

An increased attention of foreign and Russian scientists to current status, problems, and development prospects of the museum-reserves has been observed. Its evidence is reflected in intensified scientific reflection, organizing relevant research-practical conferences. It is noted, that a system of open-air museum models offered by M.E. Kaulen should be considered as a theoretical background for the museum-reserves up-to-date classification. The article summarizes study results of Siberian museum-reserves in the 2nd decade of the XXI century in the Russian and world historiography. A.Yu. Maynicheva has revealed features of forming and functioning of this museum group focused on the Historical-Architectural Open-Air Museum-Reserve of the Institute of History and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. V.A. Kaplunov has offered a concept (disputed by the authors of this article) of a complex museum-reserve based on an archeological monument as a modern museum type. L.V. Eremin has defined and characterized the museumification processes based on founding the museum-reserves in especially protected territories of the historical-cultural significance in republics of South Siberia. T.S. Kuryanova and P.V. Glushkova have carried on research devoted to the heritage problematics including analysis of open-air museums and museums-reserves activities. Systematization of the current Siberian museum-reserves in accordance with the profile (archeological, historical-architectural, memorial, ethnographical ones) has been implemented; the algorithm and perspectives for their development (foundation of a landscape museum-reserve, museumification of the Russian Orthodox Church heritage in Biysk and tourist destinations in Kemerovo region) have been specified. A role of museum-reserves in the development of the Siberian population’s cultural heritage and regional geobranding has been determined.