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Comparative analysis of ultramafic meymechites of the Maimecha Suite and alkaline volcanics of the Ary-Dzhang Suite (foidites (nephelinites, analcimites, limburgites, etc.) and melilitites) has shown their consanguinity, which indicates their relationship with the same magmatic system periodically producing large amounts of alkaline ultramafic melts. We have studied the petrogeochemical and mineralogical compositions of rocks and melt inclusions in the hosted olivines. The rocks of the Maimecha and Ary-Dzhang Suite differ considerably in MgO content, which is well explained by the accumulation of olivine. The inclusions in olivines from the meymechites and the rocks of the Ary-Dzhang Suite correspond in composition to foidites. The trace and rare-earth element patterns are similar both in the foidites and meymechites and in the melt inclusions: They show negative anomalies of Rb and K and positive anomalies of Nb and Ta. The ratios of indicator elements (Nb/Ta, Ba/La, Ta/La, etc.) in the rocks of the Maimecha and Ary-Dzhang Suite are constant and almost independent of their Mg# values. The La/Yb ratio in the foidites is significantly higher than that in the meymechites and in the melt inclusions from their olivines, which indicates that the rocks of the Ary-Dzhang Suite resulted from the fractionation of highly magnesian alkaline picritoid melt.

A new system has been designed for laboratory physical modeling of hydrate-bearing sand samples and measuring their acoustic properties at different temperatures and pressures. The system includes a pressure vessel, units of temperature control, external pressure, and gas/liquid delivery, and a unit for measuring velocities of acoustic waves. Measurements are carried out in 10-50 mm high cylindrical specimens 30 mm in diameter. The system provides methane hydrate formation in sand samples and their acoustic measurements for as long as several days due to automatic control. Hydrate-bearing samples are prepared by pressurized methane injection into pores of wet sand and are exposed to several cooling/heating cycles to increase hydrate formation rates. Hydrate-bearing samples have been prepared and travel times of acoustic P and S waves have been measured in dozens of successful experiments. Acoustic data confirm the formation of hydrates, with the related increase in wave velocities to values about those in frozen sediments. The prepared gas hydrates are inferred to be of “cementing” type, i.e., they form as cement at the boundaries of mineral grains. The obtained velocities of acoustic waves show a positive linear correlation with hydrate contents in sand samples.

We have developed a computational algorithm for joint inversion of array induction and galvanic data in 2D models. It is based on the finite-difference solver and nonlinear minimization and is designed to develop realistic geoelectrical models of complex fluid-saturated formations. The algorithm is tested and verified on noisy synthetic induction and galvanic data. The obtained 2D inversion results are compared with those corresponding to the traditional 1D radial approach. The developed algorithm was used to conduct joint 2D inversion of VEMKZ and BKZ logs from the Fedorovskoe and Vostochno-Surgutskoe oil fields in the E-W striking Ob’ River area.

In focus - clearing up of a political position of the Siberian city consumer cooperation by 1917. The considerable impact on its activities was exerted by political exiles which is clear from the documents of the police Department, cooperative organizations, materials of periodicals and memoirs. Presence at city consumer cooperatives of various political forces was not continuous, greatest role in management personnel was played by Mensheviks and Social Revolutionaries. Great opportunities for politicians to use consumer societies for the propaganda purposes opened during campaigns against high cost in 1915-1916. In the conditions of disappointment in an official food policy their propaganda promoted growth of social and political activity of shareholders and understanding of democratic requirements - freedom of the coalitions, democratic reforms, formation of the government of national trust, upgrade of the cooperative legislation. But radical representatives of political parties not always got a complete support of members even in workers’ consumer cooperatives. Two currents - economic and political - were shown on a number of questions: reception of exiled in cooperatives, the ideological direction of the cooperative press and cultural work, content of speeches of cooperative leaders, interaction between the city authorities and public organizations. Despite considerable influence of political parties and efforts of party activists, first of all the Bolsheviks, aimed at submission of resources of cooperation to party tasks, most of shareholders were guided by purely economic motivations and desire to be engaged in actually cooperative work. Activity of city and workers’ cooperation was determined by mainly economic, but not ideological and political factors. Most of shareholders deliberately or spontaneously supported ideology of a peaceful evolutionary way of reorganization of a social and economic order.

Under new conditions established in Russia after the February revolution agitation activities of political parties, including the RSDLP(b), obtained a special value, which was specially emphasized by V.I. Lenin in his “April Theses”. Thus it seems actual to focus on the activity of one of the most talented orators of the Bolshevist party G.Ye. Zinoviev, who was the closest associate of Lenin and a member of the Central Committee of the RSDRP(b). The current topic relevance is also determined by the fact that G.Ye. Zinoviev’s role in the events of 1917 was covered with prejudice in the Soviet historiography for ideological reasons, and it didn’t attract any scientific interest in the Post Soviet period. However, according to his contemporaries, political propaganda was one of the most important aspects of Zinoviev’s work between two Revolutions. The author of the current article strives to investigate the propagandist activities of G.Ye. Zinoviev since his return from the exile to Petrograd and up to the historical events of June. The study is based on the preserved transcripts of G.Ye. Zinoviev’s speeches and newspaper reports about them, archival documents, as well as his contemporaries’ memoirs. Studying G.Ye. Zinoviev’s activities and his ideas the author attempts to draw a conclusion, whether the assumption that Zinoviev had opposed V.I. Lenin since spring of 1917 is true. Being an outstanding public speaker, Zinoviev played a prominent role in the propaganda of Bolshevist ideas during April-June, 1917. The party entrusted Zinoviev with participating in rallies that were the most difficult in terms of agitation and propaganda, because of the lack of sympathy for the Bolshevist movement. With that, the ideas propagated by Zinoviev did not come into collision with those of V.I. Lenin. This in turn indicates, that the reason why Zinoviev fell into opposition to Lenin should be searched in later revolutionary events.

The article deals with historiographically unstudied work of a famous Ural and Siberian bishop of the Belokrinitskaya hierarchy, Antoniy (Paromov), which was published in one of the last issues of “Sibirskiy Staroobryadets” , a diocese journal that is edited in Barnaul. In the first place “Proclamation” of bishop Antoniy is interesting as it provides the direct reaction of the Old Believers’ bishop on the revolution developments of the year 1917. In the work under investigation, with the polemic attacks against ideological ex-opponents of the Belokrinitskie Old Believers - the supporters of not named priestless sects are kept to a minimum. The main accent is made on critics of the socialist parties, which was a reaction to their rise in August-September of 1917. For this purpose bishop Antoniy uses separate works and periodicals published by A. Bebel, M. Gorkiy. Originality of the author’s approach is seen in the updating of the above named texts, their extrapolation on the contemporary developments of the Russian life, and - not very characteristic for “Austrians” - an active use of the Old Testament - 3 Esdras (non-canonical). One can notice definite rigidity of the Belokrinitskiy bishop in the evaluation of different socialist parties’ leaders conduct. In our opinion, the published composition confirms conclusions of the researchers, who repeatedly pointed to both the acuteness of eschatological feelings initially inherent to the Old Believers’ movement, as well as the entwinement of social and religious motives in it. It testifies that politization of society in the period of “three revolutions” affected such conservative social groups as Old Believers. Foremost it refers to the Belokrinitskaya (“Austrian”) group of Old Believers. Revolutionary events of the year 1917 can be considered a definite period in political activities of the Belokrinitskie communities.

It is possible to mark two periods in the history of study of the Osinoozerskaya archaeological culture of the Western Amur Region. The first one refers to work of the Far Eastern archaeological expedition under the direction of A.P. Okladnikov in the 1960-1970s in the territory of the western part of Priamurye. The result of the studies of a number of sites and collected data was a new culture of the developed Neolithic, which received name Osinoozerskaya according to the eponymous site found in 1961 by A.P. Okladnikov on the bank of Lake Osinovoe in the Amur region. The cultural and chronological characteristic was given to the settled population living in semi-underground dwellings and being engaged mainly in hunting and fishery. The received archaeological remains allowed researchers to draw a preliminary conclusion that the carriers of this culture had rudiments of agriculture. The second stage of the research of the Osinoozerskaya culture began in the middle of the 1990s after almost thirty-year break in studying the Neolithic of the region, and is connected with collaboration of groups of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science and the Blagoveshchensk archeologists. In addition to the 1960s data of the settlement on Lake Osinovoe, in the last two decades the known sites were partially re-studied, and some new sites were investigated, thereby source base for the analysis of the Osinoozerskaya culture has essentially expanded. Such rare site as a workshop on production of stone trade tools - Mikhaylovka-Klyuch on the Amur River - was found and surveyed. On the Neolithic settlement in the mouth of the Gromatukha River the first seasonal aboveground dwelling within the northern part of an area of this culture was examined. In spite of obtaining new data, many problems connected with debatable questions of emergence of the making economy and chronology of the culture still remain outstanding. Works on studying the Osinoozerskaya culture are continued.

The beginning of the early Iron Age in the Amur area is associated with the origin of Urilsk archeological culture (XII-II centuries BC). Studies have shown that that its bearers representing a symbiosis of the tribes in this region were migrants who lived in western and south-western Manchuria and Inner Mongolia of China at the end of II thousand BC. Two plaques in the form of paws are known among very few bronze ornaments of the Urilskaya culture in Priamurie. One plaque was found in 1961 at the Urilsky island on the Amur river, and later was «lost» until 2017, accidentally placed into a collection of the Ango site from the Zeya river. Another plaque was found in 1997 at the Bukinski Kluch-1 site on the Bureya river. For these plaques are common signs of a sub-triangular shape, the bulge outwards, a linear type of ornament on the front side, the presence of broken loops for hanging on a smooth reverse side, which were inherent in the original things and served as a model to create matrices. Equally the problem of a new fastening device has been solved. After plaques loops for hanging have been broken pair horizontal holes in the plate were made. In this form plaques were used in one case, as a stripe, in the second one - as a suspension. These ornaments are copies of two typologically similar plaques. The technology of plaques production applying a print of original things in the plastic form was similar. The plaques in the form of paws were widespread during Karasuk era in Siberia, Central Asia and North China at the end of II - early I millennium BC. Archaeological materials, stratigraphic data of Suchie Protoki-2 and Bukinski Kluch-1 sites, where in the layers with Urilsk culture ceramics bronze and iron objects of Karasuk appearance were found, as well as radiocarbon dates allow us to date the bronze plaques in the form of paws by the initial stage of forming the Urilsk archeological culture in Priamurie.

Enclosed-type wooden funeral beds in North and Central Asia are divided into the blocks and coffins. The first burials are in blocks carved from a tree trunk dating back to the early Scythian time. Burials in coffins made of boards appeared much later in the Hunnic time. On the shape and complexity of the devices the following types of coffins are distinguished: rectangular, trapezoidal as well as single or double. Despite the large variation in the size and complexity of the device, they are comprised of three main parts: a rectangular or trapezoidal box-cavity, the bottom and the lid. Boxes-cavity are collected from four - six right-hewn timbers and boards, interconnected by means of leather straps, rectangular and X-shaped curved slots (facets-cuttings) and the same form of wooden spikes (fasteners) or nails. Long coffins’ longitudinal walls in most cases are made with the residue. They are interconnected by means of grooves and thorns. edges of the sides and ends by means of the operation of slots-finger joints are attached to the bottom of one or more wide boards. Caps are generally flat, mounted from one to two and three rarely right hewn boards in exactly the same way as the bottom-cavities boxes. In the children’s coffins-cradle lids are nailed to the end walls of wooden nails (spikes). In double coffins external box-cavity usually made of hewn logs sided (half log) connected to each other «in junction», «in spike (inserted tenon)», very rarely - «paw (claw)». Cap or ceiling are constructed of two or three thick long timbers or a dozen short cross ones. To date in the territory of Mongolia and neighboring areas lots of Hunnic time burial plank coffins have been studied. Each new study of these archaeological sites provides new information about the features of the production of this type of burial bads and in general about the state of woodworking in the chronological period.

The object is to characterize the economic activity of the Verchneob culture representatives in Novosibirsk Ob region based on the osteological material analysis. Nowadays there are no special works dedicated to studying zoomaterials of the early middle ages (Verkhneob and synchronous cultures). Mainly specific composition is briefly mentioned in generalizing articles. That is why the author has investigated osteological materials of the Verkhneob culture monuments in Novosibirsk Ob region in details. The materials of settlements and funeral monuments have been studied. The paper marks an extreme scarcity of osteological materials on monuments of the early middle age. Animals submitted in a bone sample are both wild and domestic ones. Three forms of domestic cattle have been revealed - a horse, a goat (a sheep), a cow. The brief characteristics of animals are given. It is also noted, that horse bones prevail at all monuments of early middle age both in Novosibirsk Ob region and adjacent territories. Several points of views are identified on finding dogs bone residues in settlements and monuments. The basic zones of bone remains allocation on monuments have been defined. Bones (1-6 fragments) were located in dwellings and between dwellings sites, but bone remains practically were not recorded near hearths in settlements. In funeral monuments animal bones were recorded in burial pits, as well as small pits near burials. Thus, the economic-cultural type of the population of Novosibirsk Ob region in the period under review is characterized as a complex one including in itself both elements of assigning and producing economy. It should be clearly confirmed that a cattle breeding was a predominant branch of the producing economy. The cattle breeding with horses’ dominant role is noted. Rather high role of hunting in economy of West Siberian residents in early middle age has been marked.