Home – Home – Jornals – Advanced Search

The authors focus on the numerical modeling of the dynamic behavior of elevator and counterweight with regard to airflow in a ventilation mine shaft. The finite element model of the test system is constructed. The modeling takes into account the rotation and displacements of the elevator and counterweight, as well as the elastic forces from the roller guide. The elevator and counterweight travels is studied at different stiffnesses of springs which ensure continuous contact in the roller guide-ail assembly system. The research findings are the pressure patterns in the mine shaft, the horizontal displacement field of the elevator hoist machine and the elastic forces in the roller guide springs of the elevator and counterweight.

The mission of frothers consists in formation of fine bubbles and a frother layer of the required structure to influence floatability of minerals. The collecting and selective properties of frothers are reviewed. Based on the physisorption mechanism of reagents, a hypothesis of the collecting action of frothers in flotation is put forward. Surfactants, while reducing the time of inductance, remove the kinetic constrain of the mineral particle-gas bubble assembly formation. Collectability of surfactants is governed by their surface activity relative to the gas-liquid interface and by the density of adsorption at a mineral which is to be extracted. It is shown that frothers are effective at the gas-liquid interface rather than at the solid-liquid interface, and are not the selective collectors therefore. The high surface and flotation activities of frothers lead to the nonselective recovery of minerals in concentrates. It is proved that frothers with the low surface activity show weaker collecting properties on target minerals and on barren rocks, and, for this reason, are more selective reagents.

The aim of the study was, firsty, to consider the possibilities of applying gravity pre-concentration in a heavy media of lead-copper-zinc ore of current production. As a result of applying this method, a number of advantages can be achieved already at the stage of ore grinding and classification, namely, decrease in specific consumption scale of norms per ton of processed ore, primarily as a result of energy saving in grinding, and decrease in consumption of flotation reagents. Secondly, within the framework of economically more significant and more interesting aspect, the question of using pre-concentration for off-balance ore was considered. The potential application of the pre-concentration process can enable increasing ore reserves while flotation capacity maintaining at the current level. According to the obtained results, the quality of the pre-concentrate remains at the level of the current run-of-mine ore, and the flotation plant keeps the same capacity as it is currently.

For the computerization of studies aimed at improvement of processing technology of iron ore, the methodological approach is proposed to the analysis of structure and mechanical properties in suspension of magnetite nanoparticle dispersion. The approach involves the simulation modeling of motion of nanoparticle aggregates in liquid and the calibration of the model parameters using the experimental data on the viscosity dependence on the temperature and shear velocity. The structure of an aggregate of magnetite particles is analyzed, and the length and composition of a particle chain formed as a result of magnetic dipole-dipole interaction are determined. In terms of magnetite and quartz suspension, it is shown that as a consequence of internal rotation, the chain aggregate tangling takes place concurrently with the increase in the suspension viscosity in the presence of the opposite-charged particles.

Natural transport of gold is a stable and permanent process in the zones of hypergenesis in gold-bearing rock masses. Dissipation and concentration of gold depend on the geochemical barrier conditions of mass transport. One of the main agents in hypergenic transformation of a substance are natural humic compounds-steadfast participants in hypergenesis. The experimental selection of a geological prototype for the hydrochemical mass transport and concentration of gold is carried out for the conditions of the mantle. The pacing factors and probable mechanism of hypergenic concentration zone formation are presented with regard to the properties of fractions of humic substances.

The authors discuss the topical problems and specifics of operation of waterworks facilities in the mining industry in the Arctic zone of Russia. The integrated technical approach is developed for the real-time remote inspection and monitoring of waterworks facilities and natural areas of preferential protection nearby mining-influence zones using advanced space and digital technologies. The mining-induced risk prediction and control is implemented through the assistance of digital twins and risk charts, with ranking of objects by the level of the adverse effects using generalized spatial data obtained in construction of 3D geo-seepage model of rock mass, geomechanical modeling of deformation and permeation processes, as well as from decoding and analysis of satellite images of industrial pollution spots in territorial water and in lowest atmospheric layer. The outcomes of 3D geo-seepage modeling at waterworks facilities are described. The effectivity of remote assessment and control over waterworks facilities and water areas with the help of the Earth remote sensing is demonstrated. The research findings on the environmental impact of induced air pollution in a mining region are discussed.

The anthecology of the perennial herbaceous long-rhizome polycarpic plant, Galium odoratum (L.) Scop., in the Moscow region was studied. The observations were carried out in 2021-2023 according to generally accepted methods. At low illumination (less than 15 % of total sunlight) only perfect flowers are formed. With increasing illumination (to up to 60 % of full sunlight in clear weather), both perfect and staminate flowers are formed on individuals. The perfect flowers of G. odoratum are strictly protandrous. The life span of perfect flowers was 12-14 days, that of staminate flowers up to 2 days. The opening of flowers in synflorescence and in its structural units (dichasia) occurs in a clear sequence following to the order of branching of the shoot on which the flowers are formed. According to the ratio of the number of pollen grains and ovules in perfect flowers (from 1358 to 3010), G. odoratum represents a facultatively xenogamous plant. In habitats with a high degree of illumination, the perfect and staminate flowers of G. odoratum are characterized by a morning opening rhythm with a maximum at 8 a.m. In low illumination, the flowers open a few hours later.

The success of plant introduction (transfer to new environmental conditions) is largely determined by their various biological features. This article analyzes the results of the introduction of several hundred species of herbaceous plants into the southern taiga of the Middle Urals (Ekaterinburg) and Western Siberia (Tomsk), as well as into some other introduction points of the taiga zone. The influence of the specificity of geographical distribution of species (chorological and zonal groups), their life forms, the pattern of seasonal development and phenorhythmotypes on the success of introduction was studied. General biological features of the species have been identified that contribute to their successful introduction into the southern taiga subzone, which suggests the stability and reliability of the established patterns. It has been shown that species distributed throughout Europe (except Southern Europe) and in Northern Asia are promising for introduction into these conditions. The introduction of forest (boreal and nemoral) species is proceeding successfully. The result of the analysis of the life forms of introduced species showed that hemicryptophytes are the most promising (according to the classification of K. Raunkier), herbaceous long-rhizome and creeping plants (according to the classification of I.G. Serebryakov) characterized by a high intensity of vegetative propagation. Species that regrowth early and begin flowering early during the growing season are also promising. The least successful introduction into the southern taiga is typical for Mediterranean and South-West Asian species, as well as for those distributed in the subtropical zone. Species with the life form of chamephytes (according to the classification of K. Raunkier) and subshrubs (according to the classification of I.G. Serebryakov) are of little prospectivity, as well as species characterized by late times of spring regrowth and the beginning of flowering.

Comparative data of phytochemical evaluation of the content of biologically active substances, antiradical activity and antiviral properties in plant raw materials of Astragalus glycyphyllos L. from wild populations of the forest-steppe zone of Western Siberia are presented. During the vegetation period the dynamics of the content and the peculiarities of accumulation of the total content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, saponins, carotenoids, chlorophylls a and b, pectins and protopectins were investigated, changes in antiradical activity and antiviral action against human influenza virus - A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) and bird - A/chicken/Kurgan/05/2005 (H5N1) in extracts obtained from plant raw materials of above-ground and underground parts of A. glycyphyllos. It was found that the aboveground part of A. glycyphyllos is richer in BAS content than its underground part. In the aboveground part of A. glycyphyllos maximum amounts of most biologically active substances of the studied groups are accumulated in different phases of development, but mainly in the phase of fruiting termination. In the underground part, only protopectins were found in maximum amounts in the phases of the beginning of vegetation and fruiting. The antiradical activity of extracts from above-ground and underground parts of A. glycyphyllos was manifested during the whole vegetation period, but samples from raw materials of above-ground and underground parts at the end of vegetation were more effective. The study of toxicity and antiviral effect of extracts obtained from raw materials of both parts of Astragalus glycyphyllos in maximum tolerated concentrations showed that the IN of the extracts was within the range from 0 to 1.5 lg, depending on the subtype of influenza A virus, the growing season of A. glycyphyllos, its part in the study and the type of extract. Compared to the control, there was a significant decrease in the infectivity of human influenza virus and avian influenza virus under the influence of A. glycyphyllos extracts.

Data on four species of the genus Pleurotaenium Nägeli found by us in water bodies of the southern part of the Russian Far East have been published. Rare taxa P. subcoronulatum var. detum and P. caldense var. cristatum were recently discovered by us in the Bastak Nature Reserve (Jewish Autonomous Region). P. cylindricum var. stuhlmannii and P. verrucosum are recorded for the Russian Federation for the first time. The diagnoses of species based on our material, information about the location of species and their distribution are given. According to the available literature data, the species and varieties of the genus Pleurotaenium that we found are most often occur in South America (in particular, Brazil) and East Asian countries. Apparently, the presence of the species of the genus that we discovered indicates the proximity of the flora of desmid algae in the southern regions of the Russian Far East to the East Asian region. The data obtained make it possible to supplement and expand information on the distribution of desmids and representatives of the genus Pleurotaenium in Asia.