Home – Home – Jornals – Advanced Search

This study deals with the application of the solution method to recover the initial tsunami waveform in a tsunami source area by inverting the remote water-level measurements for a real event. The inverse problem in question is regarded as the so-called ill-posed problem and it is regularized by means of the least square inversion using the truncated Singular Value Decomposition method. The method presented allows one to control the instability of the numerical solution and to obtain an acceptable result in spite of the ill-posedness of the problem. Moreover, it is possible to make a preliminary prediction of the quality of the inversion with a given set of observational stations and to estimate further changes in the inversion result after modifying the monitoring system.

In this paper we propose an iterative method for solving the equation, where a mapping \Upsilon acts in metric spaces, is covering in the first argument and Lipschitzian in the second one. Each subsequent element of a sequence of iterations is defined by the previous one as a solution to the equation, where can be an arbitrary point sufficiently close to. The conditions for convergence and error estimates have been obtained. The method proposed is an iterative development of the Arutyunov method for finding coincidence points of mappings. In order to determine it is proposed to perform one step using the Newton-Kantorovich method or the practical implementation of the method in linear normed spaces. The obtained method of solving the equation of the form coincides with the iterative method proposed by A.I. Zinchenko, M.A. Krasnosel'skii, I.A. Kusakin.

The notion of a special quality for approximate solutions to ill-posed inverse problems is introduced. A posteriori estimates of the quality are studied for different regularizing algorithms (RA). Examples of typical quality functionals are provided, which arise in solving linear and nonlinear inverse problems. The techniques and the numerical algorithm for calculating a posteriori quality estimates for approximate solutions of general nonlinear inverse problems are developed. The new notions of optimal and extra-optimal quality of a regularizing algorithm are introduced. The theory of regularizing algorithms with optimal and extra-optimal quality is presented, which includes an investigation of optimal properties for estimation functions of the quality. Examples of regularizing algorithms with extra-optimal quality of solutions are given, as well as examples of regularizing algorithms without such property. The results of numerical experiments illustrate a posteriori quality estimation.

This paper considers the solution of the two-dimensional wave equation with the use of the Laguerre transform. The optimal parameters of finite difference schemes for this equation have been obtained. Numerical values of these optimal parameters are specified. The finite difference schemes of second order with optimal parameters give the accuracy of the solution to the equations close to the accuracy of the solution by the scheme of fourth order. It is shown that using the Laguerre decomposition, the number of optimal parameters in comparison with the Fourier decomposition can be reduced. This reduction leads to simplification of finite difference schemes and to reduction of the number of computations, i.e. the efficiency of the algorithm.

Data assimilation problem for non-stationary model is considered as a sequence of the linked inverse problems which reconstruct, taking into account the different sets of measurement data, the space-time structure of the state functions. Data assimilation is carried out together with the identification of additional unknown function, which we interpret as a function of model uncertainty. The variational principle serves as a basis for constructing algorithms. Different versions of the algorithms are presented and analyzed. Based on the discrepancy principle, a computationally efficient algorithm for data assimilation in a locally one-dimensional case is constructed. The theoretical estimation of its performance is obtained. This algorithm is one of the core components of the data assimilation system in the frames of splitting scheme for the non-stationary three-dimensional transport and transformation models of atmospheric chemistry.

Large-scale problems of revival and development of the Russian economy can not be solved without creating a system of continuous reproduction of today's professionals. The old slogan "Cadres decide everything" today more than ever relevant. And we do not need so many specialists that support old technology as personnel capable to answer the challenges of the XXI century. To work in the conditions of new technological ways.

The authors of articles in the journal «Philosophy of Education», placed in electronic eLibrary, and consequently, in the Russian Science Citation Index System, reflect philosophically on the phenomenon of globalization and its impact on the state and changes in the modern system of education in Russia. Content analysis of articles published in the journal shows that this topic is addressed more frequently than others. The keywords «globalization», «global world», etc. in combination with «education» occur at least in 58 published articles written by 56 authors. All issues of pre-school, primary and secondary school, extracurricular complementary, secondary and higher professional, postgraduate segments of Russian education are discussed in the context of globalization. In fact, all processes are analyzed from the positions of globalization: reforms of education in modern Russia and their results, the Bologna process, the Unified State Exams and standardization of education, the mission of education in ensuring the sovereignty and national security of Russia. The pluralism of opinions reflects both conformist and oppositional aspects of joining Russia to Bologna process and borrowing attributes of foreign educational systems. At the same time, the editorial board of the journal shows only democratic position in the relation to the authors and to the diversity of their philosophical views. Productive ideas for finding of a new paradigm for Russian education, national educational policy and its modernization can be selected from a variety of authors’ opinions. These ideas are presented to the reader in the proposed article.

In the article, on the basis of the dialectical approach, the dynamics of the international and the national in the national politics in Soviet and post-Soviet periods is examined. The discrepancies are noted in the interpretations of the «national» which is not always treated as purely ethnic. The orientation of the national policy of the Soviet Union towards harmonization of the international and the national implied a long process of forming a single nation of the Soviet people. For this purpose, a great contribution was made to the equalization of opportunities of the representatives of different ethnic groups in education and further social mobility. The author notes that in addressing these tasks, the Soviet government gradually paid more attention to the training and education of representatives of the titular ethnic groups, which had become in the national republics transmitters of the policy of the government of the USSR. The policy of «indigenization» in the weakening of the influence of the party in the republics over time was a catalyst of centrifugal forces which led to the growth of ethnic identity. However, despite the assumption made by foreign Sovietologists of the strengthening of the Soviet policy of assimilation, the citizens of the country managed to maintain a balance of ethnic and civil identification, as well as Patriotic attitude to the «small Homeland» and mother tongue, as evidenced by the large number of people of different ethnic groups in the late 80-ies which used native language as a means of communication at home and at work. Nevertheless, the strengthening of ethnocentric attitudes, fueled by ethnic elites in the national republics led to the subsequent «parade of sovereignties» and the development of the concepts of national schools, opposing the national to the international. The author comes to conclusion that the actions in the management of national policies in the post-Soviet space have led to imbalances in inter-ethnic relations, impoverished educational practice and greatly weakened the capacity of the country. Thus, the dynamics of interest in the international cooperation is an objective and positive factor in the further development of the country.

Among the Russian student youth, and, which is noteworthy, especially among medical students, a very dangerous situation has been formed connected with increasing deterioration in the condition of health. Especially worrying is the high incidence of decease of medical students, who themselves in the near future will become certified physicians, will treat people, should set an example for the patients, even though they themselves are not able to keep their own health. The task of the teachers of physical training, together with medical professionals, is familiarizing students with poor health to moderate, appropriate to their abilities, physical education and healthy lifestyles. To maintain the level of health and restoration of human health, there are developed in the pedagogy of Physical Education and Sports some special technologies, known as health-preserving. In general, these technologies, the system of educational technologies (sports and recreation, health care, prevention, and so on) ensure the interconnection and interaction of all the factors of the educational environment, aimed at preserving the health of students. They form the basis of the relevant section of pedagogy. The health-preserving technologies are crucial when working with students who have poor health. These students in the physical education are combined in special medical group (according to the year of study, groups of diseases, in the interests of self-healing, and so forth.). The entire contingent of students is divided into three main groups according to their state of health: basic (healthy), preparatory (weak physical training) and special medical group with two subgroups, «A» and «B» (the third and fourth groups of health). For the students of these special medical groups, there are developed special educational health technologies, special complexes of exercises, with the distribution of physical activity: from the low ones to the complexes of remedial gymnastics, as well as theoretical valeological classes. The article presents the experience of teachers in working with students of special medical groups. The main task of the teacher of physical education in this case is not to harm poor health, improve the capacity of the vital forces, seek to improve well-being and the desire of students to organize their own healthy lifestyle.

In the pedagogical knowledge in the system of preschool education since the end of the XX century, a new direction, the health-improvement pedagogy, has been developed. The author’s studies on the subject indicate that this direction of pedagogy can also be successfully developed as applied to higher levels of education-upbringing process. The author proves that the health-improvement pedagogy can provide effective results in relation to the school and higher education. At these levels of education, it promotes a number of important educational-upbringing processes: first, the formation of civil, moral-spiritual, artistic-aesthetic qualities of the personality of students; secondly, the formation, strengthening and building the potential of health of pupils and students in the process of increasingly higher level of mastering physical culture, gaining a healthy lifestyle; thirdly, the development of health-creating outlook, including deep understanding of the importance of psycho-spiritual and bodily health of the human being, which is especially important at the stages of personality formation. On the theoretical-methodological level, the health-improvement pedagogy is directly related to the philosophical-scientific and general pedagogical knowledge: philosophy of education, philosophy of health, philosophy, optimology, the theory of a healthy lifestyle. In practical terms, the health-improvement pedagogy becomes a methodological, didactic and methodological tool for the formation of important human qualities in school education and professional qualities of the person in higher education. In the article, the mechanisms are revealed of formation of professional-moral qualities of the secular and religious student youth by means of physical training on the basis of the health-improvement pedagogy.