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Experimental evaluation is given for mineral preconcentration in a bed of a sorption collector in percolation of low concentration useful components from aqueous solutions of salts. Sorption collectors represented by interlayers of lignite, peat, marble and vermiculite are included in an evaporation barrier installed in subsurface zone of rock mass aeration. Storage properties of such geochemical sorption barriers are examined. Migrating solution was aqueous solutions of salts of cobaltous and nickelous nitrates. It has been found feasible to shape beneficiation zones under up-going capillary permeation of the solutions through the sorption barriers in the zone of aeration in rock mass.

Parameters of porous structure of different rank Kuzbass coal and gas- and mass-exchange processes under coal heating are analyzed. The main part of volatile matter is dissolved in the volume of coal layers. For all coal specimens, it is typical that mass fraction of methane and ethane decreases with temperature while mass fraction of hydrogen, carbonic oxide and ethane increases. The latter gases can be the sources of violent burning of coal beds. UHV pyrolysis of bituminous coal reveals physical balance and composition of gaseous products. The results permit coal rating based on carbonization, enable recommending using inert gases in underground fire fighting and allow estimating temperature level in fire source zones in coal beds based on chemical composition of emitted gases.

The 3D mathematical model of temperature conditions in salty rock mass at shaft mouth takes into account parameters and modes of freezing unit operation, temperature of ambient air and air in the shaft, as well as nonuniformity and rate of salinity of enclosing rocks. The model allows dynamics of temperature variation in rocks around the shaft and load-bearing capacity of each pole of head frame foundation depending on rock mass temperature and salinity. Different variants of freezing unit operation are considered to select the variants to ensure the required load-bearing capacity of the head frame poles and the diamond shaft lining safety.

The article discusses the case study of temperature behavior prediction in permafrost rock mass before and after blasting at Kangalass lignite deposit. It is illustrated how the blasting period is related with the temperature behavior in the disintegration of broken rocks. The results are the basis to predict dragline productivity in different seasons and to select efficient scheme for blasted rock removal.

A down-the-hole tool has been designed for gas-dynamic research of coal. The tool is manufactured based on the layout of a straddle packer with an adjustable interval. The tool design is suitable for hydrofracturing and gas-dynamic researches using the methods of indicator diagrams and pressure drop and recovery curves in package with relaxation of coal and rock mass by means of radially symmetric loading of hole walls in the hydrofracture interval.

In the article, the author systematizes and analyzes the major trends in the research of ancient origin of protoscience. Considering the domestic and foreign sources, the author formulates the five main hypotheses of appearance of rational methods and theories of scientific knowledge in Ancient Greece VI-IV centuries. BC. According to detailed analysis of hypotheses, the author identifies two basic assumptions about the relationship of the research subject and considerable political activity of the population in the history of ancient Greece of that period. Going into details of political and legal principles of polises, the author projects the results of a study to health sphere recognizing the parallelism between political discourse and philosophical arguments in ancient society.

The article focuses attention on the fact that the modern science is based not only on empirical data but also to a large extent on ideal conceptions. Necessity to reject the Cartesian way of thinking comes into existence. This lends a particular urgency to the consideration of modern scientific ideas, in particular the superpower of Davies, in connection with the metaphysical doctrine of Leibniz.

The problem of the introduction of non-logical constants into semantic theory is discussed. The controversy between Hilbert and Frege about the nature of implicit definitions axioms is viewed as a motive for the introduction of model-theoretic interpretation of variables. Indexicals are proposed as interpretation of non-logical constants in mathematical discourse.

We look at argumentation against realizability of Hilbert's program based on Gödel's second incompleteness theorem. It is proved that such argumentation is incorrect from the outset, since it necessarily leads to absurd conclusions. This implies that the second theorem can not be thought of as a decisive argument against feasibility of Hilbert’s finitistic program.

Kolmogorov’s contemporaries, famous mathematicians Frechet, Borel, Levy supposed that formalization of Kolmogorov’s informal condition about the nearness of a probability event to the frequency characteristics is the same as for the conclusion of Bernoulli’s theorem. So, Kolmogorov’s condition is redundant because it is deduced by means of the theorem. I demonstrate that the informal condition has two different formal descriptions. In the frequency interpretation, the natural formalization consists in the geometrical nearness of the frequencies. In this case, Kolmogorov’s condition isn’t deduced from the theorem, conversely the feasibility of the condition is the precondition of using the theorem. The article shows the inadequacy of the idea of Frechet, Borel and Levy that when using the subjective probability in Bernoulli’s theorem, its conclusion will be objective. I demonstrate that the idea doesn’t agree with persistence property of the mathematical statements.