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We demonstrate application of the time-domain characteristics of induced polarization (IP) to the solution of prospecting problems on the flanks of the Julietta gold-silver deposit. The IP time-domain characteristics were analyzed by the Debye decomposition, which permits reconstruction of distribution of relaxation times. The experimentally determined dependences of the IP parameters on the main petrophysical properties of disseminated ores were used to interpret field data. Application of the Debye decomposition helped to distinguish zones with finely disseminated sulfide minerals in hydrothermally altered rocks, which were missed on the application of the standard technique for analysis of IP data. The estimated content of sulfide minerals in the altered rocks agrees with geological data.

Anisotropy of electrical conductivity in the lower mantle is regarded as a possible consequence of the phase transition of magnesiowϋstite from semiconductor into metallic state. We propose a method for obtaining information about the tensor of electrical conductivity of a deep anisotropic layer from geomagnetic data of the global network. It is possible to estimate the parameters of the electrical-conductivity tensor which are tangential components of the electromagnetic field by analysis of the characteristics of a magnetic mode. We present the results of processing of real data by the proposed method for the period from 1920 to 2009; the data were borrowed from the Net databank of the monthly values ​​of components X, Y, and Z of the geomagnetic field.

In recent years, the Hustai, Gunji, and Kerulen paleoseismic structures have been discovered and examined within the Henteyn uplift. Their investigations revealed zones of probable earthquake foci, presenting a seismic hazard for Ulaanbaatar. We report the first data on the quantitative parameters of prehistoric earthquakes in the Meso - Cenozoic Upper Kerulen basin. The absolute age of two paleoevents determined by radiocarbon dating is within 1152 - 1702 BC and 5466 - 7201 BC. Seismogeological study of surface ruptures made it possible to estimate the type of tectonic stress during the formation of structures within the Henteyn uplift and to explain their nature. The horizontal-compression stress is mostly due to endogenous processes, which lead to the enlargement of the uplift area at the expense of the peripheral Mesozoic sedimentary basins.

In 2012, the renewable energy organization of Iran (SUNA) performed a gravity survey around hot springs of the Mahallat geothermal field in the Markazi Province of Central Iran, as part of the explorations and developments of geothermal energy investigation program in the region. The Mahallat region has the greatest geothermal field in Iran. This work presents interpretation results of various gravity maps and a calculated 3D inversion model. The residual gravity map shows three negative gravity anomaly zones (A1, A2, and A3) associated with the geothermal reservoirs in the region. The horizontal gradient maps reveal a complex fault system. In order to attain more information about the Khorhe geothermal reservoir, a 3D density contrast model was calculated using the Li–Oldenburg method. The attained 3D model provides an in-depth image of the evolution, showing the density contrast and the A1 zone having a high potential for the geothermal reservoir in the region. The results also show that the rocks which exist between 1000 and 3000 meters under the Earth’s surface in the Al zone are the most suitable aquifers for utilization of geothermal energy.

The article deals with one of the ideologically most significant Old-Believers’ texts - Epistle of Dean Fyodor to the Archpriest Avvakum’s son Ioann (John) about the priests who had accepted the reforms of Patriarch Nikon. This work was written by the Dean Fyodor in the summer of 1669 on behalf of all Pustozersk prisoners in response to Ioann’s question about the newly ordained priests. For the whole Old-Believers’ world this writing served as a guide to action explaining how to behave toward the priests installed by Patriarch Nikon after he was removed from a position of Patriarch. Along with the answers given by the Pustozersk prisoners to the questions about priests it also includes Fyodor’s interpretation of the 13 Chapter of Apocalypse focused on his reflections on “the horns of Antichrist” who will cause Russia’s last “renunciation of faith”: “And from that time on it will be more bitter owing to the ungodly tsars: they are horns of Antichrist… The Divine saw two horns coming up out of the earth: one of them already exists; after it there will be another one, accomplice of the evil”. By the “horn that already exists” the Dean Fyodor meant the Tsar Aleksey; Fyodor repeatedly called him “an evil horn” and “Antichrist”. In Fyodor’s letter there is no personification of the “second horn”, however the text is clearly stating that it will also be a Tsar, “accomplice of the evil”, who will come after Aleksey Mikhailovich. Avvakum’s interpretation of the same chapter of Apocalypse is quite different from that proposed by Fyodor: “The beast has two horns - it marks two powers: one is a winner, another is an accomplice”. Aleksey is assigned the role of only an “accomplice”, while in Fyodor’s interpretation he was presented as the main bearer of evil. Avvakum’s interpretation of Patriarch Nikon and Tsar Aleksey as two horns of Antichrist was accepted by some of the Old-Believers. This has been witnessed by creation of a new version of “The Epistle Addressed to a Certain Ioann”, compilatory in nature. Its textual analysis showed that it contains only abstracts from the Dean Fyodor’s “Epistle” with a milder variant of Avvakum’s interpretation of the 13th chapter of Apocalypse. The article proves that “The Epistle Addressed to a Certain Ioann” attributed to Avvakum was compilatory in nature. The author characterizes both texts and determines the textual evolution of this Old-Believers’ ideologically significant document.

The paper discusses a range of disputable issues concerning the terminology of the Cyrillic acts from the Queen Bona Sforza’s Metrica which is the basis of the archives at the chancery of Polish Queen and Lithuanian Grand Duchess Bona Sforza. These acts are related to the social institute of clerical investiture. The purpose of this article is to elaborate a definition of the notion “stavlenniy list” using the key classificatory category of source studies - “kind of historical sources”. The author considers the history of the use of such terms as “priviley”, “list”, and “gramota” in historiography and sources of Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The Russian diplomatics term “stavlennaya gramota”is deemed the most appropriate for designating the Lithuanian Metrica’s acts approving the rights to hierarchy. In the diplomatics of the Lithuanian state there should be distinguished 1) bishop’s stavlenniy lists issued by the church authorities in accordance with the canon law and 2) secular stavlenniy lists which obtained a wide circulation owning to the application of the right of church patronage. A secular stavlenniy list is a document by which the representatives of secular authority conferred the right of one-man management upon any churchman with respect to a certain church, monastery or bishop’s throne and also transferred him the rights to real estate. In Queen Bona’s Metrica this sort of acts of a contractual and legislative nature is represented by four subsorts of lists: 1) for the office of priest; 2) for the office of hegumen; 3) for the office of bishop; and 4) confirmatory.

This article considers the problem of historical biography, its specifics as a genre and a research field; reveals the role of a biographer and his/her life experience in biographical writing. The article is focused on the biography of Alexander Pushkin (“Zhizn’ Pushkina”) written by Ariadna Tyrkova-Willams, her reasons to write Pushkin’s biography in 1920-1930s. The article shows how the historical events in revolutionary Russia and personal experience of Ariadna Tyrkova influenced her picture of Pushkin’s life. The aim of this article is to reveal the interconnection between the biographical text and autobiographical narrative, based on the analysis of “Zhizn’ Pushkina”, memoirs and correspondence of Ariadna Tyrkova. She wrote Pushkin’s biography in England, after her emigration from the Soviet Russia, contributing to the formation of “Pushkin’s myth” and part of the struggle for Pushkin between the Soviet scholars and Russian emigres. Writing a biography (along with writing memoirs) is one of the means of identification and self-identification. The author argues that, first, the generational identity was prominent for Tyrkova and this kind of identity was reflected in the biography of Pushkin, creating links between the generation of Tyrkova and Pushkin. While portraying the circle of young friends of Pushkin, Tyrkova kept in mind her brother’s friends. Second, the description of the Russian nobility reflects the significance attached to the social identity by Tyrkova, while Mikhailovskoe reminded Tyrkova of her estate located not so far from the Pushkin’s place. “Zhizn’ Pushkina” reveals much about Tyrkova’s political views because she pointed out that Pushkin was closer to the “liberal conservatism” than “revolutionary liberalism”. There are several female portraits in this biography revealing Tyrkova’s feminist views and ideas about the role of women in society. Thus, we can learn much about Tyrkova’s values, political and religious constellations, her doubts and beliefs from her work about Pushkin. The lives of Tyrkova and Pushkin are brought together in the biographical context, connecting different times and spaces.

The article aims at understanding the changes associated with modernization of the Russian book industry that not only transformed the institutions, their structure and competitiveness, but also led to the emergence of a new virtual book communication environment. The author applied the formal-logical and comparative-historical research methods which allowed the identification of causal chains in studying the evolution of electronic resources of the book industry in relation to logic and specificity of publishing business’ modernization in Russia at the turn of the XX-XXI centuries. Transformation of data-communication networks contributed to the development of the Russian book industry’s digital communication segment. The emergence and spread of digital media has formed a special communication environment while creating the new forms of social communication: electronic publication - e-book, e-content, social media promoting books etc. Nowadays digitization and convergence of information processes determine the direction and nature of book communication. In the virtual space book communication has been developed due to the expansion of the Internet audience and emergence of the online sales offices created both by the subjects of book business (publishers, booksellers) and by the online media (non-book) organizations. Modernization of book industry along with the growing number of Internet users, development of online commerce, decline in book production and traditional book distribution business contribute to the stable growth and development of e-book market in Russia. Publishing houses find new ways of delivering digital content to end users through various sales channels - from their own web-sites, specialized online stores, aggregators of electronic resources to book-related social media and special applications for mobile devices. Following the global digital content market the domestic e-book market also shows steady growth dynamics. Numerous literature portals, forums, websites and blogs being the new phenomena of the modern book culture and elements of the virtual space allow developing dialogic, interactive, individual and personal relationship with readers, users, and buyers. Existing book-related social networks provide their users with a full range of options: compiling lists of books they have read; writing reviews; receiving notifications of the new reviews in the editions being monitored; information about new products, advertising, promotion of reading, and more. All of these books online platforms serve as a specific communication medium for the actors in the book market. Despite the fact that the domestic digital book market is only emerging, electronic publishing and distribution are a promising direction, significantly transforming the modern book industry. A wide range of opportunities for the use of various virtual resources of the book market becomes a real factor of the book industry’s integration in the global virtual communication space. In general, electronic communications of the domestic book industry have become an integral part of the ongoing process of modernization of Russian book industry.

In 1998 the Siberian Publishing and Book-Selling Enterprise «Nauka» of RAS Academic Publishing Centre (APC) «Nauka» was reorganized in three divisions: Siberian Publishing Company (SPC) «Nauka», Siberian Polygraphic Enterprise (SPE) «Nauka» (printing office № 4), and Siberian wholesale-retail office of the commercial firm «Akademkniga» with five bookshops. This separation led to significant changes in the activities of SPC «Nauka». Although not a legal successor, nevertheless it has been created on the basis of the former Publishing House «Nauka». Neither at the moment of SPC creation, nor later owned it any property. Its material-technical basis was formed by the fixed assets that had been leased out by the Publishing House «Nauka» acting out as an asset holder. Therefore the most actual problems faced by the SPC «Nauka» were modernization of the available equipment, its technical retrofitting, as well as rental of premises. At the moment of creation of the SPC «Nauka» its publishing portfolio was generally formed with works that were left unfinished by the Publishing House «Nauka» although it had signed contracts for their publication with the institutes of the Siberian Branch of RAS and other customers at different times. Later it was replenished with works prepared to publication under the contracts signed by the SPC «Nauka». Its work has been and remains focused on publishing the scientific editions in cooperation with academic institutions and other organizations of SB RAS. One of the areas covered by the SPC “Nauka” focuses on enhancing every kind of contacts, first of all, with academic structures of SB RAS in the field of academic publishing across all regions of Siberia.