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The article is devoted to statistical analysis of the factors of differentiation of regions of the Russian Arctic. To achieve the objectives of the study the authors performed the following work: a critical review of analytical materials about the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation; Russian Arctic zoning analysis using multivariate statistical methods; study the factors and causes the differentiation of regional development of the Arctic zone; statistical analysis of socio-economic development of Arctic zone regions for 2005-2014; clustering territorial entities of the Arctic zone in terms of development; definition of industrial growth points of individual regions. Information-analytical materials of Rosstat for 2005-2015 and the investment of the passport of municipal districts for 2012-2014 were used as an information base.

The special attention to research of demographic situation on territories of the Siberian-Kazakhstan border areas related to the sharpness of demographic problems and presence of risks of demographic security decline of Russia border areas. The changes of demographic potential of subjects of the Siberian federal district, having a common border with Kazakhstan, happening as a result of depopulation and migrations in 2001-2015, are examined in the article. The important constituent of research is an analysis of population forming features on territories of administrative districts directly adjacent to the border with Kazakhstan.

The article analyzes the optimization mechanism of agricultural policy and develops the theory of the economic mechanism and agricultural policy. We apply general scientific and special methods of research. The results have the content of the optimization mechanism of agricultural policy, its subject-object and the structural and functional analysis of the factors influencing political decisions. The criteria of optimization of the region’s agricultural policy according food security were reasonable. A theoretical model of the optimization mechanism of the region’s agrarian policy developed applying of the method of «branch and bound». The results have a practical importance for governors in the development and implementation of the region’s agrarian policy.

The article proves the need for elaboration and realization of a new model of social and economic development of Russia. Economy based on knowledge, as the economy type relevant to postindustrial stage of development of society, is viewed as a strategic target. Methodological issues, connected with qualitative characteristic and formation of this economic model, are examined; its essential features are analyzed. Principal conclusion is drawn that strengthening of interrelation between human development in entirety of production and personal attributes and evolution of social and economic systems can be regarded as the most significant factor of the modern social and economic paradigm.

The article considers scenario conditions of the most probable external and internal conditions of development of economy of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic. The trends of the development of the world economy, dynamics of goods market and development prospects for the region economy are appraised. The medium-term forecast of the main macroeconomic indicators of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic is presented.

The article considers the issues of planning of social and economic development of the Russian Federation and its subsystems in connection with implementation of the Federal law «On strategic planning in the Russian Federation». It is demonstrated that a number of provisions of the law are in discord with real economic processes. The article formulates the issues, essential to the process of strategic planning. The need for change of the paradigm of state planning and management in the light of implementation of the adopted law and the issues of the modern economic development is proved.

During the past 25 years, studies of regional innovation systems have formed a new independent research direction. The attempted bibliographical analysis has permitted to establish that 125 scientific articles were published on this subject by 268 specialists from 37 countries. These investigations tend to concentrate in the United Kingdom, China, Taiwan, Finland, Russia, Germany, and Spain, which, thus, have the biggest intellectual potential for regional innovation systems governance. The latter becomes important premise for decrease in the inequity of countries by their innovation development level in the modern world.

The article introduces the methodology that accounts insurance activity results for the formation of the tariff policy of insurance company. We present the model which predicts the level of loss ratio. Formulas to determine the market tariff rate of the insurance company taking into account market segmentation, as well as in accordance with the views of an actuary on the risk of the insurance product are given. The article contains the method to form an objective insurance rates which compensates the impact of underwriting cycles.

The article describes the main approaches to the definition of «environmental safety»; was formulated a working definition. The system of indicators was generated, it consists of the blocks: negative/positive impact of human activity on the environment; industrial activity, having an impact on the environmental safety; implementation by organizations the environmental innovation. Author›s approach was developed to the environmental safety assessment of the social and economic systems. Results of groups of the Russian Federation subjects are presented and compared the dynamics for 2012-2014 years.

The article considers the principles of the formation of an effective system of management and control of accounts receivable of organizations through the mechanism of credit policy both at the stage of its formation, and at the stage of its collection. The methodical approach is developed to the creation of a competent credit policy, which allows you to control the proportion of accounts receivable in the total assets, and reduce the risk of uncollectible receivables. The conceptual framework for the implementation of the credit policy in the organization is described.