Antibiotic activity of 28 species of the plants belonging to 24 genera of 10 botanical families concerning 3 strains of the gram-positive, 5 strains of the gram-negative bacteria and strain of yeast-like fungus Candida albicans is studied. Plants with high antibiotic activity (6 species of 6 genera of 5 families) are selected. It is shown that bactericidal, baсteriostatic, fungicide and fungiostatic properties of water and water-ethanol extracts of plants concerning each of the explored pathogens depend on the taxonomical membership of species, type of extraction, phase of development and part or organ of plants.
The results of introduction of rare species of herbaceous plants in the south of the Amur region are presented. Phenological types and features of the plant biology were studied. Of the 44 species tested only 2 species ( Adlumia asiatica , Angelica anomala ) are monocarpic biennials, and the rest are perennials. The majority of tested species successfully adapted to the introduction conditions as well as passed through the entire cycle of ontogenetic development and produced mature seeds.
The taxonomic and ecological and geographical analyses of algal flora were made to include some lakes and riverlets of Ergaki mountain ridge. There were found 378 species (including interspecies taxa - 405) of algae, from 162 genera, 86 families, 45 orders, 16 classes, 10 divisions.
We present a retrospective analysis to identify the flora of Buryatia two rare relic species Oxytropis triphylla and Stipa glareosa . For S. glareosa are two previously unknown locations: from the vicinity of Unegetei village of Zaigraevskii District and vicinity of Udinsk village of Khorinskii District. For O. triphylla at the largest Russian audit herbarium collections are subject to the location of Khorinskaya steppe of Khorinskii District and vicinity of Chencha village located in the Severo-Baykal’skii District, long considered unreliable. Also to O. triphylla identified two previously unknown locations in the flora of Buryatia: from the vicinity of Unegetei village of Zaigraevskii District and vicinity of Sakhuli village of Kurumkanskii District.
The edifying synusia, which is formed by the cenopopulations of several species, is the dominant part of the herbaceous layer in the forest’s tall-herbaceous meadows in Salair Ridge. This is the species mainly from the Apiaceae , Asteraceae , Ranunculaceae families. The synusiae’s species composition varies depending on the ecological and coenotic conditions of the habitat. The formation of the labile composition of the edifying synusia can be concidered as a mechanism of stability of the forest’s meadows in Salair Ridge.
The syntaxonomic diversity of meadows from south-eastern part of Tom-Yaya watershed was studied. Five new syntaxa (subassociations and variants) were described. It was shown the intermediate character of meadow vegetation between plain and mountain types.
The pattern of naturally regenerated vegetation is main indicator of ecological state. Regenerates of vegetation occurs at a relatively high rate, with this process eventually leading to formation of forest phytoconoses. Th is article is devoted to assessing the impact of the arboreal tier on floristic composition of gold mining waste dumps in Mariinskaya taiga.
The diversity of tundras and floodplain meadows in the northern part of Anabar plateau are revealed. It is represented by 5 associations and 3 subassociations, belonging to the 3 classes of eco-fl oristic classification. All associations (except one) and subassociations are described for the first time. The largest areas are occupied by swamped tundras (ass. Dryado incisae-Tomentypnetum nitensis ) and confined to the flattened parts of mountain terraces. Convex parts of the relief are characteristic for dryas tundras. In the upper part of goltsy altitudinal zone dominates dryas-lichen tundras (subass. Rhytidio rugosi - Dryadetum punctatae caricetosum misandrae ). Dryas crenulata tundras (аss. Carici melanocarpae - Dryadetum crenulatae ) dominate in the middle and lower parts of this zone. Meadow vegetation Anabar river floodplain is represented by two associations - Zigadeno sibirici-San guisorbetum offi cinalis and Lino perennis-Veronicetum longifoliae .
The cartographical method of research of a botanical diversity of mountain territories with use of remote sensing data is carried out on the example of the West Altai. It has shown possibilities of an assessment of cenotic aspect of diversity on the basis of the coordinated taxonomical units of vegetation through structure of a vegetation cover. On a large-scale map (s. 1:50 000) of Tigireckij ridge highlands regularities of the spatial organization of vegetation of subalpine and alpine belts on the basis of homogeneous units and heterogeneous types of vegetation according to ecological and topological factors are determined. On a survey small-scale map (s. 1:2 000 000) the typological diversity of vegetation characterizing the general high-rise regularities of a vegetation cover of the West Altai and its regional specifics has found display.
The article presents a brief overview of the largest virtual herbarium collections of the world. The possibility of using the open databases for biodiversity and taxonomy study on the example of the genus Primula L. ( Primula ceae ) is discussed.
