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This article considers prices and fair value of assets on the financial market according to distinctions in investors’ knowledge. In research were determined the essential parameters characterizing information which is used in investment decision making. On the basis of parameters value determination the typological groups of information space of the financial market were constructed. Participants of the financial market were classified into groups, which are correlated with typological groups of information space. Comparison of provisions of efficient market and adaptive market hypotheses in the context of the constructed typological groups has allowed to develop a evolutionary efficient market hypothesis.

Differences between the Russian regions by the level of development of innovation activity make urgent the task of their typization. Special attention should be paid to dynamics of innovation activity, because only this permits to judge about sustainability of innovation processes in regional economy and their tendencies. In the present work, the statistical data are used for the purposes of the typization of the Russian regions by dynamics of innovation activity in 2010-2014. Five types of the regions by their long-term success and four types by appearance of tendencies of innovation development are established. In Russia, there are many regions demonstrating long-term success, although those characterized by permanent increase in innovation activity are few. Geographically close location of the regions with different dynamics of innovation activity is considered as a significant premise for solution of the problems detected by the attempted analysis. Practical importance of the results is determined by the fact the typization of regions by dynamics of innovation activity is urgent for state governance of innovation activity and, particularly, development of programs aimed at building of innovation-oriented regional economy. Additionally, the typization allows evaluation of premises for realization of ambitious projects such as foundation of regional financial centers and clusters.

The article studies the issues of availability of labor resources in Russian economy in the context of threats to national security. The analysis of the demo-graphical situation in the country showed that despite the implementation of var-ious socially important projects the personnel deficit is expected to sharpen be-cause of the change in the age and sex structure of the population. Besides, low quality of labor resources, expressed in indicators of education, health and level of life, raises concerns. While employees value the professional qualification of employers at a rather low rate, there is heavy mortality among adult population, as well as wide range of the employed that can’t satisfy their minimum physio-logical needs due to their wage. The author draws a conclusion about the need of increase of efficiency of use of the labor resources of the country.

Collection and recycling of waste is one of the most important economic prob-lems in any country. There is a large amount of accumulated waste in Russia, the development of the recycling can be a source of increase of the gross national product, as well as reduction of its energy intensity. Population plays an im-portant role in formation of the recycling sector. The article lists the reasons of the currently weak involvement of the population in collection of waste. The EU waste management experience is analyzed on the basis of the data of European statistics. The conclusions on the possibility of application of foreign experience in Russia are drawn.

The authors focus on the issue of advantage of expenditure on education for the Russian budget. Expenditure on education has a positive effect on the development of science and technology and growth in personal income, which has been discussed by many contemporary economists. Regression analysis shows a positive relationship between education level and tax revenues of Russian regions’ consolidated budgets.

The article presents the basic provisions of the methodology of strategic management of constituent entity of the Russian Federation and municipal formation, the goal, implementation principles, object of management, key processes, evaluation subsystem and other elements of strategic management at meso-level are specified. The fragment of substantiation of the growth points of Mezhdurechensk urban district is presented on the basis of application of SWOT analysis following generalization of the best practice (Russian and foreign experience), as well as typical errors in development of the strategy of social and economic development of the territory.

The aim of the research was the analysis of the present investment in fixed capital for individual entrepreneurs, related to three dimensional categories, specialized on different economic activities and located in different regions of Russia. As initial data were used in the preliminary results continuous observation of the activities of small and medium businesses in 2015 year. The study was based on analysis of specific investments per one entrepreneur and investment per worker. The identified regions with a low level of investments in fixed capital by individual entrepreneurs.

The problems of the deficit of investment potential of Russian economy are analyzed, although the assets of the bank sector of Russian economy alone amount to more than 80 trillion roubles. It is quite sufficient for service of the 2016 Russian real gross domestic product in the amount of 42 trillion roubles. However, the actually produced gross domestic product is serviced by М₂ money supply, which amounted to 7,723 trillion roubles and is clearly insufficient. Considering that economy is in critical need for investment, the stated stock of money is extremely low. Emission of currency is the only solution. However, Central Bank raises absolute objections because of the accelerating inflation danger. Central Bank pursues the policy of dear money, by setting the highest key rate in the world at 17 % in 2014 and reducing it to 10,5 % in 2016. And all of that happened under conditions of the economic crisis. Such a key rate is manifested in the cred-it rate of 25-30 % for entrepreneurs, which slows down the growth. At the same time, the monetization factor of the Russian gross domestic product is 0,47. Meanwhile, the monetization factor in all OECD countries and other developed countries is above 1,0. It is also well known from the world business practices that no country in the world has ever made economic spurt with monetization factor of gross domestic product below 1,0. The author is trying to find all possible relations between the stated problems and define optimal level of monetization of the gross domestic product for Russia.

This article represents a typology of different mechanisms of investment-decision making process on financial market. The typology was constructed through selection of periods with the signs of one-quality development. Creation of development chains was based on two classification parameters: quantity of available information on financial market and the decision-making algorithm. As the result, the main stages in use of various investment-decisions methods was determined. Moreover, we propose a classification, which allowed to determine the main periods in development of investment decisions in the context of investor behavior: quasi-rational, rational and boundedly rational.

Scientific publications analysis indicated that DuPont model is used to analyze the factors affecting the value of the return on equity at a particular time, without regard to their variability. This article considered the application of the three-factor model of DuPont in terms of assessing the impact of the growth rates of the individual factors on the growth rate of return on equity. Depending on the stakeholders’ interests, the authors proposed a decomposition DuPont model, which allows us to construct a typology of companies, based on the degree of importance of the separate factors.